2019-2020同步译林英语选修七新突破讲义：Unit 2 Section Ⅱ　Language Points （Ⅰ） .doc

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1、Section Language Points ()(Welcome to the unit & Reading).单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1They thought his behavior was abnormal (反常的)2She has the potential (可能性) to become a worldclass pianist.3Used wisely，online games will become effective (有效的) teaching tools.4The rise in inflation was just one symptom (征兆

2、) of the poor state of the economy.5The driver stepped on the gas and accelerated (加速) the car.6Laidoff workers cannot afford to purchase medicines from a chemist when they get sick，nor do their children keep a healthy diet.7As we know，Japan has long promised never to make or possess nuclear weapons

3、.8Good financial accounts are vital to the success of any enterprise.9As we all know，the industrial revolution took place in England first.10People bite food，chew it and swallow before it is digested.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1able adj.能够，可以unable adj.不能，无法2approve v批准；赞成approval n批准，通过；赞成，同意3normal adj.正

4、常的abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的4effect n效果，作用effective adj.有效的；实际的，事实上的；生效的5apply v应用；申请application n应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷applicant n申请者6benefit n利益，好处 vt.对有利，有益于beneficial adj.有益的，有用的un adj.adj.(反义)v.aln.unfair adj.不公平的，不公正的uncomfortable adj.不舒服的unconscious adj.失去知觉的burial n埋葬criminal n罪犯memorial n纪念馆.补全短语根据提

5、示补全下列短语1focus on集中于2open up打开；开拓；开业3in the form of以形式4carry out执行，实施5try out测试，试验；参加选拔6in large quantities大量地7pick out挑选8be related to和有关系，和有联系9figure out弄懂，计算出10by accident意外地.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1What should I do if I want to open up a new market?2You have to buy them in large quantities directly fro

6、m the factories.3The program is focused on environmental protection and harmonious development in western China，so if you are interested in that topic，you may watch it tonight.4As we know，poor educational performance is related to emotional disturbance.5Now，the company is trying out a new way to imp

7、rove the quality of the product，but they are not sure if it will succeed.pickadv.动词短语byn.介词短语pick off 摘下，摘掉pick out 选出，挑出pick up 拣起；(车等)中途搭人by air 通过航空途径by chance偶然，碰巧，意外地by hand 用手；手工 背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.Have you ever seen a doctor? If so，what happened？你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？if so “如果这样”。They think sh

8、e may try to phone.If so，someone must stay here. 他们认为她可能来电话。要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。2.Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain，but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。not only.but also.连接两个并列分句。若not only放于句首，所在的分句要用部分倒装。Not o

9、nly did we lose all our money，but we also came close to losing our lives.我们不仅把所有的钱弄丢了，而且差点丢了命。3.If penicillin had not been available，many people would have died from sickness or even small wounds.如果没有青霉素，很多人会死于疾病，甚至很小的伤口。If sb./sth.had done.，sb./sth.would have done.表示对过去情况的虚拟。If you had come ten min

10、utes earlier，you would have known what we were talking about.如果你早十分钟过来，你就会知道我们在谈论什么了。4.Since it was abnormal for mould to be in that lab dish，something must have gone wrong.对于在实验室里的那个碟子里的霉菌来说是不正常的，所以一定是某些东西变坏了。must have done“一定做了某事”。He seems very nervous; something must have happened to him.他看起来非常紧张

11、，一定出什么事了。 beneficial adj.有益的，有用的(教材P18)Both of these medicines have saved millions of peoples lives and have proved beneficial to mankind since they were invented.自从发明这两种药物以来，它们已挽救了数百万人的生命并被证实对人类有益。(1)be beneficial to对有益(2)benefit n.利益，好处vi.有利于，受益be of benefit tobe beneficial to对有益for sb.s benefitfo

12、r the benefit of sb.为了某人的利益；为帮助某人benefit from从中得益(2019全国卷)While the suns rays can age and harm our skin，they also give us beneficial Vitamin D.尽管太阳光线能使我们的皮肤粗老并受损伤，但是它们也能向我们提供有益的维生素D。For the benefit of the chemist，all the doctors and nurses went on strike.为了这名药剂师的利益，所有的医生和护士举行了罢工。I am sure everyone w

13、ill benefit a lot from this activity.我相信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。I hope what I have written will be of benefit to someone else who may feel the same way.我希望我写的东西将对有同感的人有所帮助。名师点津of抽象名词该名词的形容词。(be) of use(be) useful(be) of help(be) helpful(be) of value(be) valuable(be) of importance(be) important possess vt.拥有，

14、具有；支配，控制(教材P18)Nearly 3，500 years ago，people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever.将近3500年前，人们咀嚼一种含有特殊化学物质的树叶或饮用由这种树叶制成的茶，以减轻身体疼痛或退烧。(1)be possessed of具有(某种品质，能力等)(2)possession nU 拥有；(常用复数)个人财产have/get/gain/take possessi

15、on of占有；拥有in possession of 占有in the possession of sb. 为某人所有Though plainlooking，Mary is possessed of great intelligence.虽然相貌平平，玛丽却拥有智慧。Im in possession of the big house at present.The big house is in the possession of me at present.目前，这座大房子归我所有。Does the young man standing there take possession (posse

16、ss) of the company?是站在那边的年轻人拥有这家公司吗？图形助记 vital adj.对极重要的，必不可少的；致命的(教材P18)Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain，but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。be vital for/to.对极重要的/必不可少的It is vital to do sth. 做某事极其重要It is

17、vital that. 十分重要He said to us that education of the youth would be vital to/for the future of a country.他对我们说，年轻人的教育对于一个国家的未来至关重要。It is vital to get(get) the victim to the hospital at once.把受害者立刻送到医院是至关重要的。It is vital that a middle school student (should) learn(learn) English well.学好英语对中学生来说是十分重要的。名

18、师点津在句型“It is vital that.”中从句谓语动词要用“(should)动词原形”的形式。 potential n可能性，潜在性；潜力，潜能 adj.潜在的，可能的(只可作前置定语)(教材P18)Lawrence Craven，a doctor from the USA，introduced the idea in 1953 that aspirin had the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks，because it helped the blood circulate better.美国医生劳伦斯克雷文在1953年提

19、出一个观点，即阿司匹林可能有助于降低心脏病发作的风险，因为它能改善血液循环。potential for (doing) sth.的可能性/潜在性have the potential to do sth. 有潜力做某事The region has enormous potential for economic development.该地区有巨大的经济发展潜力。You have the potential to reach (reach) the top of your profession.你具有达到事业顶峰的潜能。名师点津potential用作名词时，是不可数名词。 astonish vt.

20、使十分惊讶，使吃惊(教材P19)It astonished him to see the bacteria surrounding the mould dead，which meant that the mould had killed them.令他十分惊讶的是，他发现这种霉周围的细菌都死了，这意味着这种霉杀死了它们。(1)astonish sb.使某人惊讶(2)astonished adj.惊讶的，惊愕的astonishing adj.令人吃惊的be astonished at对感到惊讶be astonished to do sth.对于做某事感到惊讶(3)astonishment n.惊

21、讶，吃惊to ones astonishment使某人惊讶的是in/with astonishment惊奇地；惊愕地，惊讶地It astonished me that no one had thought of it before.让我吃惊的是，以前没有人想到这件事。We were all astonished at the news that he had passed his driving test.听到他通过了驾照考试的消息，我们都感到十分惊讶。If Newton were alive，he would be astonished to see (see) how greatly th

22、e world has changed.如果牛顿健在的话，他会为世界变化之大感到吃惊。To my astonishment(astonish)，the car was gone.令我吃惊的是，汽车不见了。语境助记To my astonishment，they seemed not astonished at all at the astonishing news，and I looked at them in astonishment.让我惊讶的是，他们对这个令人惊讶的消息似乎一点儿也不吃惊，我惊讶地看着他们。 try out 测试，试验；参加选拔(教材P19)Fleming tried th

23、is mould out on another bacterium and found that it killed the bacterium too.弗莱明将这种霉用在另外一种细菌上做试验，发现它同样杀死了那种细菌。try out for 参加的选拔try on 试穿(衣物)try for 试图获得，力争赢得In my opinion，you should try for such a chance.依我看，你应该努力争取这样的机会。The clerk held out a dress for Martha to try on店员拿出一件衣服给马莎试穿。His brothers examp

24、le inspired him to try out for the football team.他哥哥的榜样激励他去参加足球队的选拔。 application n应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷(教材P19)He immediately realized that the mould might have an application in treating illnesses caused by bacteria.他立刻意识到，这种霉菌或许可应用于治疗由细菌引起的疾病。(1)an application to sb.for sth.为某事向某人申请(2)apply vi. 申请，请求；

25、适用vt. 使用apply to 适用于apply (to.) for. (向)申请apply oneself to 致力于，专心于apply.to. 把运用于(3)applicant n. 申请人Over the next months，he will apply himself to improving the technique.在接下来的几个月里，他将一门心思改进技术。What I have said applies only to some of you.我所说的只适用于你们当中的一部分人。Now new technology is being applied(apply) to a

26、lmost every industrial process.新技术正被应用到几乎所有的工业流程中。He made an application to the manager for this post.他向经理申请这个职位。语境助记The applicants must hand in their applications first if they want to apply for the job.如果申请人想申请这份工作，就必须先上交申请表。 effective adj.有效的；实际的，事实上的；生效的(教材P19)Second，it was difficult to produce

27、penicillin in the ample quantities needed to be effective.第二，生产出足量的青霉素以使它发挥药效并非易事。(1)effect n作用，效果have an effect on对有影响come into effect生效；开始实行put.into effect使生效(2)affect v.影响The new law will come into effect at the start of September.新的法令将在九月初开始生效。Your food may have an effect on your figure.你的饮食可能对你

28、的身材有影响。The plan for protecting the endangered animals will soon be put into effect.保护濒临灭绝的动物的计划将很快生效。 in large quantities 大量地(教材P19)In 1940，two other scientists，Howard Florey(Australian) and Ernst Chain (Germanborn English)，helped solve these problems，and managed to make and test the new drug in lar

29、ge quantities.在1940年，另外两位科学家，霍华德弗洛里(澳大利亚人)和恩斯特钱恩(德裔英国人)，帮助解决了这一问题，并尝试大量测试和使用这种新药。a (large) quantity of大量的；许多的(large) quantities of 大量的；许多的in quantity 大量，许多Large quantities of carbon dioxide are released into the air.A large quantity of carbon dioxide is released into the air.大量的二氧化碳被排放到空气中。Its a lot

30、 cheaper if you buy it in quantity/in large quantities.大批量购买要便宜得多。名师点津a quantity of/quantities of后面既可以接可数名词也可以接不可数名词，作主语时，其谓语动词的数应该与quantity的数保持一致。 approval n批准，通过；赞成，同意(教材P19)Since the new drug was needed for World War ，the government approval process for penicillin was accelerated，and mass product

31、ion began in 1944.因为二战期间需要这种新药，所以政府审批青霉素的程序加快，并于1944年开始批量生产。(1)give ones approval to批准 meet with ones approval 得到某人的同意(2)approve vi. 赞成，赞同 vt. 批准，认可approve of (sb.doing) sth. 赞成/不赞成(某人做)某事Most of his advice failed to meet with his fathers approval.他的大部分建议都没有得到他父亲的认可。The president has already given h

32、is approval to the plan.总统已经批准了这个计划。He doesnt approve of me leaving (leave) school this year.他不同意我今年离校。 (教材P17)Have you ever seen a doctor? If so，what happened?你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？【要点提炼】句中If so是一个省略句，其完整形式是“If you have ever seen a doctor”。 if so 如果这样 (so代替表示肯定意义的句子)if not 如果不是这样 (not代替表示否定意义的句子)i

33、f any如果有的话if ever 如果曾经有的话if possible 如果可能的话if necessary 如果必要的话There are few people nowadays，if any，who remember him.当今记得他的人，如果有的话，也不多了。If possible，vegetables and fruits should be peeled.如果可能，应当将蔬菜和水果去皮。I think there is a train around 3 oclock.If not，youll have to wait till 5：30.我想3点左右有一班火车。要是没有的话，你只

34、好等到5：30了。 (教材P19)If penicillin had not been available，many people would have died from sickness or even small wounds.如果没有青霉素，很多人会死于疾病，甚至很小的伤口。【要点提炼】本句使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设。虚拟条件句中主、从句的谓语形式：(1)与现在事实相反：从句谓语动词为过去式(be动词通常用were)，主句谓语为would/could/should/might 动词原形(2)与过去事实相反：从句谓语为had done，主句谓语为would/could/sh

35、ould/might have done(3)与将来事实相反：从句谓语动词为过去式/should动词原形 /were to 动词原形，主句谓语为would/could/should/might 动词原形If I knew the answers to all your questions，I would be a genius.我要是能回答你所有的问题，我就是天才了。If it should rain tomorrow，what would you do?如果明天下雨，你怎么办？If you had taken(take) my advice yesterday，you wouldnt hav

36、e failed in the exam.如果你昨天听了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。If you were(be) in better health，wed have let you go with us.你要是身体好一点，我们就让你和我们一道去了。1(教材P18)It was in 1897 that a European chemist called Dr Felix Hoffmann produced aspirin from this chemical.【分析】此句是强调句型“It is/wasthat/who句子的其余部分”，句中强调时间状语in 1897。强调句型的特点是把It

37、 is/was和that/who去掉后，如果剩余部分的句子结构仍是一个完整的句子，那么这个句子就是强调句，否则不是。【翻译】正是在1897年，一位名叫费利克斯霍夫曼的欧洲药剂师提取了这种化学物质，制成了阿司匹林。2(教材P18)Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain，but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.【分析】本句中not only.but also.连接两个并列分句，因not only放在句首，故其所在

38、的分句使用了倒装结构。that aspirin can help with是定语从句，修饰先行词other things。【翻译】阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。.单句语法填空1Do remember that this rule cannot be applied to every case.2Witches are said to possess magical powers to communicate with gods who are in possession(possess) of everything on the earth.3In China m

39、asses of graduates go abroad to have a further study every year.4With so much noise，he could not have slept (sleep) well on the train last night.5As our product is coming out soon，were thinking about ways to have it tried (try) out in Paris or New York market.6I know that it may cost me quite some t

40、ime to do the voluntary work，but it is beneficial to my future career.7To my astonishment，he was a little astonished(astonish) at the news that he had won the first prize in the English speech contest，for he thought that he didnt perform so well.8Its just three months since we received official appr

41、oval (approve) to go ahead with the project.9I must say that I have the potential to work (work) as an instructor.10Not only does he like English，but also he learns it well.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1It is vital that every piece of equipment would be checked before the experiment.wouldshould2Though China lower

42、ed its expectations for GDP growth this year，it doesnt mean that the potential to economic growth has been lowered.tofor3The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took the mass of pictures of them.thea4In his letter，he said you could apply either personally or by email

43、the post in the company.email后加for5We were astonished to finding the temple still in its original condition.findingfind.完成句子1If I were ten years younger，I would start all over again.如果我再年轻10岁，我会从头开始。2If necessary，you can contact me at home.必要的话，我在家时你也可以与我联系。3He may win the competition，in which case he is likely to get into the national team他可能会赢得这次比赛，如果是这样的话他有可能进入国家队。4This problem is vital for/to us; therefore，we must take it into serious consideration.这个问题对我们至关重要，因此，我们必须好好考虑。5I approve of your trying to earn some money，but please dont neglect your studies.我同意你努力去挣一些钱，可是请不要误了功课。