剑桥雅思9真题及解析阅读Test4.doc

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1、剑桥雅思阅读真题答案：Question 16：F、NG、T、F、T、NGQuestion 713：thorium、pitchblende、radium、soldiers、illness、neutron、leukaemia/leukemiaPassage1整体分析体裁 记叙文题材 人物介绍主题 玛丽居里的生活与工作段落概括 第一段 简要介绍玛丽居里的成就第二段 介绍玛丽读书和工作的经历第三段 讲述玛丽读大学时在物理学科崭露头角第四段 介绍玛丽在研究中的初步成果第五段 绍玛丽和皮埃尔合作后的科研成就第六段 介绍玛丽在大学和实验室的主作职责第七段 讲述玛丽在丈夫去世后自己独自取得的科研成就第八段 讲

2、述玛丽将她的科研成果运用到医学中去第九段 介绍玛丽推动居里基金会的发展和镭研究所的成立第十段 讲述玛丽在镭方面所取得的成果为后人研究做的铺垫以及她的去世第十一段总结玛丽对物理学的贡献雅思阅读重点词汇第一段radioactivity n.放射性；放射能力；放射现象的第二段prodigious adj.惊人的，异常的，奇妙的，巨大的第三段fulfill v.履行；实现；满足；使结束第四段significance n.意义；重要性；意思uranium n.化学轴thorium n.化学钍（放射性金属元素）第五段pitchblende n.矿物沥青铀矿substance n.物质；实质；资产resol

3、ve v.解决；决心；分解，溶解metallic adj.金属的；含金属的superior adj.优秀的；高傲的；上级的undertake v.从事，承担；保证radiation n.辐射；发光；放射物radium n.化学镭第六段interrupt v.妨碍；打断，插嘴；中断appoint v.任命，委派；指定；约定demonstration n.演示，示范；证明；示威游行第七段henceforth adv.今后；自此以后vacant adj.空的，空缺的；空虚的，空闲的professorship n.教授职位isolation n.分离；孤立；电绝缘；化学离析第八段radiography

4、 n.核放射线照相术第九段triumphant adj.成功的；得意洋洋的；狂欢的inauguration n.开创，开始；开幕式；就职典礼第十段outstanding adj.杰出的，显著的；未解决的；未偿付的neutron n.中子artificial adj.人造的；仿造的；虚伪的accumulate v.积累；积聚，积攒abundant adj.丰富的，充裕的leukaemia n.白血病isotope n.化同位素第十一段immense adj.巨大的，广大的；无边无际的subsequent adj.后来的，随后的考题精解Questions 1-6题型：判断题 TRUE/FALSE/

5、NOT GIVEN解析：判断题一般都是按照正序出题，确定了第一个题目在原文中的定位，便可根据顺序原则依次寻找其他题自的答案。做判断题时注意找出定位词，定位可以帮助考生迅速在原文中找到出题位置，考点词用于确定题干的判断点。1.定位词/关键词husband, joint winner, both, Maries Nobel Prizes原文定位第一段第三句With her husband, Pierre Curie, and Henri Becquerel, she was awarded the 1903 Nobel Prize for Physics, and was then sole wi

6、nner of the 1911 Nobel Prize for Chemistry.题解根据顺序原则，本题从文章的第一段开始寻找答案，再根据定位词定位到第一段第三句。本题的考点是joint winner和both，而原文涉题句提到Marie是诺贝尔化学奖的sole winner，意思相反。答案FALSE2.定位词/关键词interested in science, child原文定位第二段第一句From childhood, Marie was remarkable for her prodigious memory .题解根据顺序原则寻找定位词，原文涉题句提到了childhood对应题干中

7、的child，而原文只说了Marie有着惊人的记忆力却没有提及她对科学产生兴趣。答案NOT GIVEN3.定位词/关键词Sorbonne, her sisters，financial contribution原文定位第二段最后一句和第三段第一句From her earnings she was able to finance her sister Bronias medical studies in Paris, on the understanding that Bronia would, in turn, later help her to get an education. In 189

8、1 this promise was fulfilled and Marie went to Paris and began to study at the Sorbonne (the University of Paris).题解第二段最后一句出现定位词her sister Bronia，提及她以后会帮助Marie接受教育。第三段第一句接着出现特殊定位词Sorbonne，说这个承诺实现了，Marie去了Sorbonne读书。题干中的her sisters financial contribution与原文help her to get an education相对应。答案TRUE4.定位词/

9、关键词stopped doing research, several years, her children, born原文定位第六段第一句The births of Maries two daughters, Irene and Eve, in 1897 and 1904 failed to interrupt her scientific work.题解原文the births of Maries two daughter与题干中的her children were born对应，scientific work与题干中的research对应。但原文中的failed to interrupt

10、（没有中断）与题干中的stopping doing意思相反。答案FALSE5.定位词/关键词took over, teaching position, her husband原文定位第七段第二句On May 13，1906, she was appointed to the professorship that had been left vacant on her husbands death, becoming the first woman to teach at the Sorbonne.题解题干中的took over the teaching position与原文的was appo

11、inted to the professorship对应；her husband had held与left vacant on her husbands death对应。答案TRUE6.定位词/关键词Bronia, studied, medical uses, radioactivity原文定位第九段第三句Marie had the satisfaction of seeing the development of the Curie Foundation in Paris, and the inauguration in 1932 in Warsaw of j the Radium Ins

12、titute，where her sister Bronia became director.题解原文出题句只是说到Bronia在Marie成立的镭研究所担任所长，但是没有说她研究放射的医学运用。答案NOT GIVENQuestions 7-13题型：笔记填空题NOTE COMPLETION解析：本题型力笔记填空题，答案一般是原文中出现的单词。做题时考生要遵循顺序原则，弄清楚空格词与周围词的搭配关系，并同时判断空格词的词性。填空题要注意答案的字数要求。7.定位词/关键词uranium, radioactive, element, same property原文定位第四段第二句与第三句 . Ma

13、rie Curie decided to find out if the radioactivity discovered in uranium was to be found in other elements. She discovered that this was true for thorium.题解根据专业术语uranium和radioactive定位到涉题句，原文中出现的element就包含第三句话中的thorium。答案thorium8.定位词/关键词Marie and Pierre Curie, radioactivity, mineral, discovery, two e

14、lements原文定位第五段第一句和第二句 Turning her attention to minerals, she found her interest drawn to pitchblende, a mineral whose radioactivity, superior to that of pure uranium . Pierre Curie joined her in the work that she had undertaken to resolve this problem, and that led to the discovery of the new elemen

15、ts, polonium and radium.题解根据人名和专业术语Marie and Pierre Curie, radioactivity可以找到涉题句。discovery在原文中再现，题干的two elements与polonium and radium对应。题干要求填写一种有放射性的矿物质，原文涉题句中pitchblende后面用同位语解释了它是一种有放射性的矿物质。答案pitchblende9.定位词/关键词1911, recognition, element原文定位第七段最后一句In 1911 she was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemist

16、ry for the isolation of a pure form of radium.题解根据特殊关键词1911可以非常快速地定位到涉题句，空格处要填写的是一种化学元素，所以是radium。 “答案radium10.定位词/关键词Marie and Irene Curie, X-radiography, medical technique原文定位第八段第一句During World War I, Marie Curie, with the help of her daughter Irene, devoted herself to the development of the use o

17、f X-radiography, including the mobile units which came to be known as Little Curies, used for the treatment of wounded soldiers.题解根据人名和专业术语X-radiography可以找到涉题句。题干问的是X-radiography用作什么的医疗技术。原文出现的有关X-radiography服 务的对象的是for the treatment of wounded soldiers。答案soldiers11.定位词/关键词collecting radioactive mat

18、erial, research, cases原文定位第十段第一句One of Marie Curies outstanding achievements was to have understood the need to accumulate intense radioactive sources, not only to treat illness but also to maintain an abundant supply for research.题解根据顺序原则寻找答案，原文涉题句的accumulate intense radioactive sources与题干中的collect

19、ing radioactive material为同义替换，答案需填一个名词，与research是并列关系。原文中出现not only . but also 的并列连词，其中research在but also句中，所以答案应在not only中寻找。答案illness12.定位词/关键词radioactive material, stocked, Paris, contributed, discoveries, 1930s原文定位第十段第二句和第三句The existence in Paris at the Radium Institute of a stock of 1.5 grams of

20、 radium made a decisive contribution to the success of the experiments undertaken in the years around 1930. This work prepared the way for the discovery of the neutron and, above all, for the discovery . of artificial radioactivity.题解首先根据地点和特殊时间词定位到涉题句，同时发现原文中出现stock, contribute和discovery，答案应该是disco

21、very的宾语，同时又和artificial radioactivity并列。答案neutron13.定位词/关键词exposed, radiation, as a result, suffered from原文定位第十段第四句A few months after this discovery, Marie Curie died as a result of leukaemia caused by exposure to radiation.题解涉题句中出现的exposure to radiation与题干直接对应。答案考查的是因果关系。题干中的as a result与原文的caused by

22、对应。答案leukaemia/leukemia剑9阅读难句解析1. Turning her attention to minerals, she found her interest drawn to pitchblende, a mineral whose radioactivity, superior to that of pure uranium, could be explained only by the presence in the ore of small quantities of an unknown substance of very high activity.解析：在

23、这个复合句中，主句是she found her interest drawn to pitchblende，后面的a mineral和pitchblende是同位语关系，mineral后面又出现定语从句whose radioactivity . could be explained .，中间的superior to that of pure uranium 是定语从句的插入成分。参考翻译：随着把注意力转向了矿物质，她发现自己对沥青铀矿产生了兴趣，这种矿物质的放射性优于纯铀矿石的放射性，其放射性只能够通过它存在于少量的一种未知的非常高活性的矿石中得到解释。2. Marie also gave l

24、ectures in Belgium, Brazil, Spain and Czechoslovakia and, in addition, had the satisfaction of seeing the development of the Curie Foundation in Paris, and the inauguration in 1932 in Warsaw of the Radium Institute, where her sister Bronia became director.解析：首先in addition连接了两个并列句。在后半句中，seeing后跟了两个并列

25、宾语the development和the inauguration。The Radium Institute作为先行词，由关系副词where引导的一个定语从句作补充说明。参考翻译：此外，玛丽也在比利时、巴西、西班牙和捷克斯洛伐克举办了讲座，此外，她还满意地看到在巴黎的居里基金会的发展和1932年镭研究所在华沙的创立， 研究所由她妹妹波妮娅担任所长一职。剑桥雅思阅读真题答案：Question 1419：G、C、F、D、H、EQuestion 2023：D、B、E、CQuestion 2426：mirror、communication、ownershipPassage2整体分析体裁 议论文题材

26、学术研究主题 幼儿的身份意识段落概括A段 背景介绍：简要介绍幼儿的自我意识的特征及与之相关理论的由来B段 小孩自我认识的第一步C段 通过他人模仿和镜中反射的自我认识D段 幼儿作为主体的实证研究不足E段 自我意识发展的第二步自我作为客体F段 自我与他人、自我与社会关系的研究G段 刘易斯和布鲁克斯冈恩的研究发现H段 生动的自我意识表达通过愤怒来表现考题精解Questions 14-19题型：配对题MATCHING解析：本题型为段落信息配对题，命题的两大特点为：彻底同义替换和绝对乱序。所以，应从理解段落入手，而不是按照题目顺序来寻找答案。同时，留意题目要求中是否有NB信息，这意味着是否有段落会被复选

27、。14.雅思阅读关键词account, method, researchers, a particular study原文定位G段第三句开始到本段结尾In one experiment, Lewis and Brooks-Gunn unless other cues such as movement are present.题解原文涉题句描述了一个experiment，研究人员通过在小孩的鼻子上涂抹红色的粉末来观察小孩的反映。原文中对整个实验的细节描述对应了题干中的account（记述），涂抹粉末这个方法就对应了题干中的method，experiment 对应题干的study，人名Lewis

28、and Brooks-Gunn 对应题干中的researchers。答案G15.雅思阅读关键词imitation原文定位C段第一句Another powerful source of information for infants about the effects they can have on the world around them is provided when others mimic them.题解首句中的mimic对应题干中的imitation。答案C16.雅思阅读关键词age, identify, static image原文定位F段第一句和第二句Lewis and Br

29、ooks-Gunn argued that an important developmental . to recognize themselves visually without the support of seeing contingent movement. This recognition occurs around their second birthday.题解第一句中的recognize对应题干中的identify，without the support of seeing contingent movement对应题干中的static。答案G17.雅思阅读关键词reason

30、, limitations, scientific research, self-as-subject原文定位D段最后一句Empirical investigations of the self-as-subject in young children are, however, rather scarce because of difficulties of communication .题解self-as-subject是合成词，可以预测应该会原词再现，原文涉题句中的investigation与题干中的scientific research为同义替换，limitation与scarce为同

31、义替换，because of与reason为同义替换。答案D18.雅思阅读关键词possible link, culture, a particular form of behaviour原文定位H段最后一句Although it may be less marked in other societies, the link between the sense of self and of ownership is a notable feature of childhood in Western societies.题解最后一句中提到the link between the sense of

32、 self and ownership 在其他社会不那么明显，但是在西方社会，它是童年时期的一个显著特征。所以这样的行为是因文化或社会而不同的。答案H19.雅思阅读关键词examples, features, contribute, sense of self-as-object原文定位E段最后一句This has been seen by many to be the aspect social roles (such as student, brother, colleague) and characteristics with other people (such as trustwor

33、thiness, shyness, sporting ability) with other people .题解原文涉题句中括号里的举例对应了题干的examples，characteristics与features为同义替换。答案EQuestions 20-23题型：配对题MATCHING解析：人名理论配对题的特点是乱序和同义替换。首先，根据人名去原文中定位，找到其提出的理论（大多数在宾语从句中），然后判断哪些理论与题目中的理论形成同义替换，从而进行配对。20.雅思阅读关键词relationships with other people原文定位F段最后一句Mead (1934) went e

34、ven further, and saw the self and the social world as inextricably bound together: The self is essentially a social structure, and it arises in social experience . it is impossible to conceive of a self arising outside of social experience.题解原文涉题句中的social world，social structure和social experience 与题干

35、中的relationships with other people为同义替换。答案D21.雅思阅读关键词childs awareness of self, mastery over things and people原文定位B段第五句到最后一句Cooley (1902) suggested that a sense of the self-as-subject was primarily concerned with being able to exercise power. He proposed that the earliest examples of this are an infan

36、ts attempts to control physical objects, such as toys or his or her own limbs. This is followed by attempts to affect the behaviour of other people. For example, infants learn that when they cry or smile someone responds to them.题解原文涉题句中的infant与题干中的child为同义替换，awareness与 sense为同义替换，control physical o

37、bjects和affect the behaviour of other people对应题干中的mastery over things and people同义替换。答案B22.雅思阅读关键词at a certain age, aggressive behaviour原文定位H段第二句和第三句 . Bronson (1975) found that the intensity of the frustration and anger in their disagreements increased sharply between the ages of 1 and 2 years. Ofte

38、n, the childrens disagreements involved a struggle over a toy that none of them had played with before or after the tug-of-war: the children seemed to be disputing ownership rather than wanting to play with it.题解原文涉题句中的the intensity of the frustration and anger in their disagreements increased sharp

39、ly和disputing ownerehip与题干中的 aggressive behaviour为同义替换，between the ages of 1 and 2 years与at a certain age 对应。答案E23.雅思阅读关键词observing, reflection, contributes原文定位C段最后两句However, Lewis and Brooks-Gunn (1979) suggest that infants developing understanding that the movements they see in the mirror are conti

40、ngent on their own, leads to a growing awareness that they are distinct from other people. This is because they, and only they, can change the reflection in the mirror.题解原文涉题句中的 understanding that the movements they see in tlie mirror are contingent on their own和the reflection in the mifrar对应题干中的ref

41、lection，lead to与contribute to为同义替换。答案CQuestions 24-26题型：摘要填空题SUMMARY COMPLETION解析：本题型为摘要填空题，答案一般是在原文中复现。做题的时候弄清楚空格词与周围词的搭配关系，判断空格词的词性，同时划出定位词尤其是特殊定位词，便于迅速找出题千所对应的原文位置。填空题要注意答案的字数要求。24.雅思阅读关键词effect on the world around them, handling objects, image to move, face原文定位C段第三句至第五句In addition, young childre

42、n enjoy looking in mirrors, where the movements they can see are dependent upon their own movements. This is not to say that infants recognize the reflection as their own image (a later development). However, Lewis and Brooks-Gunn(1979) suggest that infants developing understanding that the movement

43、s they see in the mirror are contingent on their own, leads to a growing awareness that they are distinct from other people.题解首先判断这个空格处需要填写一个名词单数。根据题目的第一句they can have an effect on the world around them，能够快速在原文的C段找到定位，然后定位词image和move在C段第三句和第四句找到对应词。根据意思可以判断是在mirror中看到自己的图像在移动。答案mirror25雅思阅读关键词self-a

44、wareness, difficult to research directly, because of原文定位D段第三句Empirical investigations of the self-as-subject in young children are, however, rather scarce because of difficulties of communication: even if young infants can reflect on their experience, they certainly cannot express this aspect of the

45、 self directly.题解根据题干定位词可快速在原文的D段找到定位，而且原文中investigations，difficulties和because of分别对应题干中的research，difficult和because of。空格处需要填写的是因果关系中的原因，因此答案是because of后面的comrminication。答案communication26.雅思阅读关键词Western societies, self awareness, linked to, disputes原文定位H段最后一句Although it may be less marked in other s

46、ocieties, the link between the sense of self and ownership is a notable feature of childhood in J Western societies.题解首先根据特殊短语Western societies定位到文章最后一句，然后在原文涉题句中找到link和sense of self与题干中的link和self awareness对应，确定答案是ownership。另外，disputes 一词在原文涉题句的上一句己经有交代。答案ownership剑9阅读难句解析1. However, Lewis and Brooks-Gunn (1979) suggest that infants develop