2019-2020学年高中英语unit5 first aidsectionⅡthelanguagepointsofreading教学案版本：人教版必修5.doc

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1、Section The Language Points of Reading课前重点检测.重点词汇1injure (vt.) 损伤；伤害injury (n.) 损伤；伤害 injured (adj.) 受伤的2blood (n.) 血bleed (v.) 流血bled (过去式/过去分词)3cupboard (n.) 橱柜；衣柜4poisonous (adj.) 有毒的poison (n.) 毒药；毒害 (vt.) 毒害；使中毒5simple (adj.) 简单的complex (adj.) (反义词)复杂的6wild (adj.) 野生的；狂暴的 mild (adj.) (反义词)轻微的；温

2、和的；温柔的 mildly (adv.) 轻微地；温和地7electricity (n.) 电 electric (adj.) 生电的；带电的8swell (v.) (使)膨胀；隆起 swollen (adj.) 肿胀的9bear (v.) 忍受；容忍bearable (adj.) 可忍受的；可容忍的 unbearable (adj.) (反义词)难以忍受的；不能容忍的10band (n.) 乐队；一帮人；带；箍 (vt.) 给分等级bandage (n.) 绷带11vary (vi.) 变化 variety (n.) 变化；多样(化) various (adj.) 各种各样的12perman

3、ent (adj.) 永久的temporary (adj.) (反义词)暂时的；临时的13symptom (n.) 症状；征兆symptomatic (adj.) 有症状的14squeeze (v.) 挤；榨；压榨squeezer (n.) 榨汁器15choke (v.) (使)噎住；(使)窒息choked (adj.) 心烦意乱的；生气的choker (n.) 贴颈项链；项圈16liquid (n.) 液体solid (n.) 固体gas (n.) 气体17first aid 急救18a sense of touch 触觉19knock over 打翻；撞倒20pick off 去除；剪掉2

4、1over and over again 反复；多次22electric shock 触电；电休克23squeeze out 榨出；挤出24in place 在适当的位置；适当25a variety of 各种各样的26be close to 靠近27fall ill 生病.教材原句1First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls or gets (injure) before a doctor can be found.答案：ill; injured2The skin is an essent

5、ial part of your body and its (large) organ.答案：largest3You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier disease, poisons and the suns harmful rays.答案：against4So you can imagine, if your skin gets (burn) it can be very serious.答案：as; burned5Examples include burns caused by (electricity) shocks, b

6、urning clothes, or severe petrol fires.答案：electric6Remove clothing using scissors necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.答案：if7The cool water stops the burning process, prevents the pain becoming (bear) and reduces swelling.答案：unbearable8For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them ba

7、ck in a basin of cold water, (squeeze) them out and placing them on the burned area over and over for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.答案：squeezing; again9If the injuries are second or third degree burns, is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.答案：it10Sam broke the bli

8、sters and (pour) icy water from the fridge onto the skin.答案：poured课堂分段精讲第1行1You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease, poisons and the suns harmful rays.(教材P33)皮肤有三层，作为屏障可以防病、防毒、抵御太阳有害光线的侵害。poison n. 毒药；毒害vt. 使中毒；下毒于；毒杀归纳拓展(1)poison ones mind(s) with . 用毒害某人的思想poison . wit

9、h . 用污染/毒害(2)poisonous adj. 有毒的；有害的What should you do if a person has drunk poison by mistake?如果有人误喝了毒药，你该怎么办？Teachers are not allowed to poison the childrens minds with their own opinions.不许教师以个人的观点去毒害孩子们的思想。This kind of plant has poisonous roots.这种植物的根有毒。【即景活用】单句语法填空Bitten by a snake, Mary was soo

10、n (poison) to death.If plastic and rubber are burnt, theyll give off (poison) gases.答案：poisonedpoisonous第2行2The functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents your body from losing too much water; it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sen

11、se of touch.(教材P33)皮肤的功能也十分复杂：它能保暖或散热，防止体内水分过多流失。正是皮肤让你感到冷热和疼痛，它还使你有触觉。剖析句中it is where you feel cold，heat or pain是由连接副词where引导的表语从句，where意为“的地方”，在从句中作地点状语。归纳拓展表语从句的连接代词有：what, who, which, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；连接副词有：when, where, why, how等；连词有：that, whether, as if, as though等(2018北京

12、高考)Without his support, we wouldnt be where we are now.没有他的支持，我们就不会是现在这个样子。The question is whether they will be able to help us.问题是他们是否能帮我们。(2016全国卷)One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than nonscience articles.他的早期发现之一是科学领域的文章比非科学

13、领域的更有可能登上排行榜。【即景活用】单句语法填空The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is one can be entirely free from dust.(2018北京高考)This is my father has taught meto always face difficulties and hope for the best.A reading room is you can read newspapers and magazines as well as books.答案：thatwhatwhere第4行3So as you

14、 can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.(教材P33)因此，你可以想象到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。剖析本句的as you can imagine为关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句，as代替后面整个句子的内容，as在定语从句中充当imagine的宾语。归纳拓展(1)as引导非限制性定语从句的常见用法：as引导的非限制性定语从句可置于句首、句中、句末，常常译成“正如”。as是关系代词，在非限制性定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。(2)as常用于以下结构(引导非限制性定语从句)：as (it) was s

15、aid earlier正如早先所说as is known to allas we all know 众所周知；正如我们都知道的as is reported 正如所报道的as we had expected 正如我们所预料的as everybody/you can see 正如人们/你所见as is mentioned above 正如以上提到的as is often the case 这是常有的事情As is known to all, shoes play an important role in our life, for they can protect our feet from be

16、ing hurt.众所周知，鞋子在我们的生活中起着非常重要的作用，因为它们能保护我们的脚免受伤害。As is often the case, little boys tend to be very active and out of control.小男孩总是很活泼好动，很难控制，这是常见的情况。There was a bank around here, as I remember.我记得过去这儿附近有一家银行。辨析：which, as引导非限制性定语从句的区别which引导的从句不能放在主句前，而as引导的从句既可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。用作关系代词，as和which都可以指代一个句

17、子，但as有“正如”“就像”之意，which则没此含义。当从句的谓语动词是be或相当于连系动词的seem, become等时，可用as或which作主语。但当从句的谓语是行为动词时，只能用which作主语。当关系代词仅指代主句中的单个名词时，一般只用which。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空The number of smokers, is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.(2018北京高考)She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fit.答案：aswhic

18、h(2)单句改错The market, as was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 am to 1 pm, rain or shine. 答案：aswhich第8行4You can get burned by a variety of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation (by being close to high heat or fire, etc), the sun, electricity or chemicals.(教材P34)你可能由于各种原因而烧

19、伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或火等)、阳光、电或化学物品。variety n. 变化；多样(化)；多变(性)归纳拓展(1)a variety ofvarieties of 各种各样的；不同种类的(2)vary v. 变化；使多样化(3)various adj. 各种各样的；多样的variously adv. 不同地；以各种方式(2017浙江高考)Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers.确保你在进行采访的时候，你可以获得各种各样的答案。(

20、2016四川高考)Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control various body functions.荷尔蒙是身体产生的能控制多项身体机能的一种化学物质。The menu in the restaurant varies with the season.那家饭店的菜单随季节变化而变化。The weather here varies from hour to hour.这儿的天气时刻在变化。名师点津(1)a variety of (varieties of) 后接名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应根据of后

21、的名词单复数而确定(此用法如同a lot of/lots of)，其后接复数名词或不可数名词，variety前可用great, large, wide修饰。A variety of food is sold at a supermarket.超级市场各式各样的食物均有出售。Many varieties of natural soaps are produced in the factory.这家工厂生产各种各样的天然香皂。(2)“the variety of名词(复数名词/不可数名词)”意为“的品种”，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。The variety of goods in this sho

22、p is rich.这家商店的货物品种丰富。(3)There is a wide/large/great variety of复数名词 . “有各种各样的”，be动词用单数。There is a large variety of shoes to choose from.有各种各样的鞋可供选择。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空Susans idea of freedom was to have (vary) in her lifestyle.(2016江苏高考)The Internet makes us smarter over (vary) kinds of things.答案：variety

23、various(2)单句改错A variety of his books has been published in recent years. These girls come from variety of different backgrounds. 答案：hashavevariety前加a或varietyvarieties第45行5For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on t

24、he burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.(教材P34)对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，需要把湿布放回冷水盆中，拧出水后再放在烧伤面上，这样反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。squeeze vt.& vi. 榨；挤；压榨归纳拓展squeeze in 挤进squeeze . into . 把挤入/塞进squeeze out 挤出squeeze . out of/from . 从榨取；向勒索/敲诈squeeze through 挤着通过We managed to squ

25、eeze six people into the car.我们在那辆车上挤进了六个人。She managed to squeeze the juice from/out of a lemon.她设法把柠檬的汁给挤了出来。She was so fat that she could only just squeeze through the door.她太胖了，只能勉强挤过这扇门。【即景活用1】(1)单句语法填空The opening between the rocks was very narrow, but the soldiers managed to squeeze it.With mor

26、e advanced technology, this kind of machine can squeeze more juice .Is there any room in the ship?Yes. We can probably squeeze a few more people it.答案：throughoutinto(2)单句写作The man was so overweight that he had difficulty in the armchair.这个人太胖了，他难以挤进这把扶手椅。You should to visit your old friends.你应该挤出些时间

27、去拜访你的老朋友。答案：squeezing intosqueeze out some timeover and over again 反复；多次归纳拓展一再，多次，反复时而，有时People are really unbearable that TV ads are repeated over and over again.人们无法忍受电视广告一遍又一遍地播放。Time and (time) again the car broke down.那辆车坏了好多次。Let me remind you once again so that you wont forget.我再提醒你一遍，省得你忘了。【

28、即景活用2】单句写作The journalists asked the woman the same question .记者们反复询问那个妇女同一个问题。Lets go over the draft .我们把这篇稿子再过一遍。答案：over and over againonce again第5051行6Hold the bandage in place with tape.(教材P35)用胶布在适当的位置把绷带固定住。in place在适当的位置；适当归纳拓展(1)in placein position 在适当的位置；适当(2)out of place/position 不在适当的位置；不合

29、适(3)in the first place 首先，第一点(be) in place of 代替take the place of 代替take ones place 代替take place 发生；举行Ill take the place of my father for a while.我将暂时代替我父亲。Some of these files seemed out of place.有些文件似乎没有放对地方。Her dress was quite in place at the ceremony.在那个典礼上她的礼服非常得体。A number was entered in place o

30、f a letter.输入字母的地方输入了数字。【即景活用】单句写作They used steel pins to hold everything .他们用钢钉把所有东西都固定住。I dont think we should have been there .我认为我们从一开始就不该在那儿。A man is not old until regrets dreams.直到后悔取代了梦想，那他才真的老了。答案：in placein the first placetake the place of第55行7If the injuries are second or third degree burn

31、s, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.(教材P35)如果是二度或者三度烧伤，把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院是至关重要的。vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的归纳拓展(1)be vital to/for . 对是至关重要的be of vital importance to . 对至关重要It is vital to do . 做很重要It is vital that . 是十分重要的(从句中的谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可省略)(2)vitality n. 生命力；活力；生

32、机vitally adv. 极其；极大地Writing is vital to you, but you need to take care of yourself. 写作对你很重要，但你也要保重。It was vital to show that he was not afraid.最重要的是要表现出他毫无畏惧。【即景活用】(1)单句语法填空A balanced diet is vital ones health.As for the work, it is vital (keep) accurate records.答案：for/toto keep(2)单句改错It is absolute

33、ly vital that we will take good care of the patient. 答案：去掉will或willshould8Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin.(教材P35)萨姆弄破了水泡，把冰箱里的冰水倒在皮肤上。pour vt. & vi. 倒；灌；注；涌；不断涌向；下大雨归纳拓展(1)(2)He poured some water into a glass.他往玻璃杯里倒了些水。I have poured you a cup of tea.I have

34、poured a cup of tea for you.我给你倒了一杯茶。People poured into the square from all parts of the city.人们从全市各处涌向广场。He poured out his sorrows to me.他向我倾诉了他的伤心事。It never rains, but it pours.谚语不下则已，一下倾盆。【即景活用】单句写作People supermarkets when they have sales.超市大减价的时候人们蜂拥而至。The rain continued to .大雨哗哗地下个不停。He his tha

35、nks in excited words.他用许多激动的字眼倾吐感激之情。答案：pour intopour downpoured out课后演练提能课后演练一.完形填空Everyone wants to be healthy and happy. 1 ， illness or accidents may occur without any 2 . Frequently the person who is 3 can be cared for at home if there is someone who can 4 him under the doctors 5 . Sometimes arr

36、angements can be 6 for a visiting nurse to give the necessary 7 once a day, or often, if necessary. The responsible one at home 8 on with the rest of the care during the interval (间隔) between the nurses 9 .The rapid diagnosis (诊断) and 10 treatment on the spot of an accident or sudden illness, 11 wai

37、ting for the arrival of doctors, is called first aid and quite 12 from the home nursing.When illness does come, the 13 family is affected. Many adjustments have to be made 14 the family routine neednt be disturbed (打乱) completely. Often it can be 15 with home duties simplified (简化) to 16 time and en

38、ergy, thus reducing strain (压力) on the family.The 17 work for giving nursing care is usually 18 by one person, frequently the mother. 19 ， in order that she may have some rest, or 20 she herself is ill, other members of the family should learn how to help when sickness occurs.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。每个人都想健康、快

39、乐，但疾病或事故难免发生，因此懂得一些家庭护理知识就尤为重要了。1A.SometimesBUnfortunatelyCActuallyDNaturally答案：Bsometimes “有时”；unfortunately “不幸地”；actually “事实上”；naturally “自然地”。上文说“人人都想健康快乐”，然后笔锋一转，“ ，疾病或事故可能会没有预兆地降临”，上下文有明显的句意转折，只有unfortunately可以表达出这层意义。2A.reasonBnoticeCwarningDsignal答案：Creason表示“原因”；notice表示“通知”；warning表示“警报”；

40、signal表示“信号”。without warning意为“没有预兆；没有警报”，“疾病或事故可能会没有预兆地降临”，与上文中的“人人都想健康快乐”相对应。3A.weakBpatientCillDhealthy答案：Cweak表示“虚弱的”；patient表示“耐心的”；ill表示“生病的”；healthy表示“健康的”。因前面提到“疾病”，后面又提到cared for，由此可以推知C项正确。4A.wait forBlook forClook afterDlook at答案：Cwait for “等待”；look for “寻找”；look after “照顾”；look at “看”。生病

41、的人应是得到家人的照顾，即选择“look after”。5A.introductionBcontrolCdecisionDdirection答案：Dintroduction “介绍”；control “控制”；decision “决定”；direction “指导”。家人对病人的照顾，应在医生的指导(direction)下进行。6A.doneBmadeCplacedDsupplied答案：Bmake arrangements为固定短语，意思是“作安排”。7A.lookBcureCtreatmentDtraining答案：Clook “看”；cure “治愈”；treatment “治疗”；tr

42、aining “训练”。根据上下文意思，此处应指“治疗”。8A.worksBcarriesClooksDdepends答案：Bwork on表示“继续工作”；carry on表示“继续开展，继续进行”；look on表示“袖手旁观”；depend on表示“依靠”。由句意可知此处应选B。9A.wordsBlettersCvisitsDhopes答案：Cword表示“话语，单词”；letter表示“信件，字母”；visit表示“探望，参观”；hope表示“希望”。家人在家照顾病人，但护士还要按时过来探望，因此C项为正确答案。10A.immediateBquickCearlyDlate答案：Aim

43、mediate表示“即刻的，直接的”；quick表示“迅速的”；early表示“早的”；late表示“晚的，迟到的”。一旦发生事故，我们应该立刻进行急救，因此应用immediate。11A.beforeBwhileCasDwhere答案：Bbefore表示“在之前”；while表示“在的时候”；as表示“当的时候”；where表示“到的地方”。急救应是在等医生到来的过程中进行。12A.similarBdifferentCurgentDseparate答案：Bsimilar “相似的”，常与to连用；different “不同的”，常与from连用，表示“与不同”；urgent “紧急的”；separate “单独的，各自的”。此处指“急救和家庭护理有很大不同”。13A.bigBhalfCwholeDall答案：Cbig表示“大的”；half表示“一半的”；whole表示“整个的”，位于冠词the的后面；all表示“所有的”，位于冠词the的前面。指整个家庭时要用“the whole family”。14A.andBbut