2019-2020学年高中英语unit5 first aidsectionⅠpre-readingwarmingup&reading教学案版本：人教版必修5.doc

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1、Section Prereading (Warming Up & Reading)课前预习自测烧伤的急救皮肤是身体必不可少的部分，也是身体的最大器官。皮肤有三层，它们是防病、防毒、抵御太阳有害光线侵害的一道屏障。皮肤的功能十分复杂。皮肤可以保暖或御寒，保持体内水分。正是皮肤使你感到冷热、疼痛，它还使你有触觉。因此，你可以想象到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了，就可能非常严重。在治疗烧伤的过程中，紧急处理是非常重要的第一步。烧伤的原因：你可能由于各种原因而烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或大火)、阳光、电和化学物品。烧伤的种类：烧伤有三类。根据皮肤烧伤的层次分为一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。

2、一度烧伤：只损伤皮层的最上层。这些烧伤并不严重，应当在一两天内就有好转。例如轻度的晒伤，由于短暂接触热锅、火炉或熨斗而导致的烫伤。二度烧伤：既损伤了皮肤的最上层，又损伤了皮质的第二层。这些烧伤属于严重的烧伤，需几星期才能痊愈。例如严重的晒伤和灼热的液体所造成的烧伤。三度烧伤：所有三层皮质以及皮下的组织和器官都受到损害。例如由电击引起的烧伤，因衣服起火引起的烧伤，或因汽油起火引起的烧伤。这些烧伤都属于非常严重的烧伤，受伤者必须立即送往医院。烧伤的特性：一度烧伤：干燥、发红、微肿微痛受压时变白二度烧伤：粗糙、发红、肿胀起水泡表层渗液极其疼痛三度烧伤：黑、白和焦炭色相间肿胀，可看到皮下组织若损害了神

3、经，则没有疼痛或轻微疼痛，或者在创面四周有疼感急救处理：1除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉(必要时可用剪刀帮助)。靠近创面的其他衣物和首饰也都要取掉。2马上用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不能用冰水。最好是把烧伤的部位放在慢速流动的自来水下冲洗大约10分钟。(凉水可以阻止烧伤的进程，可以防止无法忍受的疼痛，还可以减轻肿胀程度)。三度烧伤不可用冷水冲。3对于一度烧伤的患者，要把清凉干净的湿布放在烧伤面上，直到疼痛感较轻时为止。对于二度烧伤，要保持湿布清凉，需把湿布放回冷水盆中，拧出水后再放在烧伤面上，这样要反反复复地做一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。4轻轻地把烧伤面弄干，但不要擦拭，因为这样做可能会

4、擦破水泡，导致伤口感染。5用干而清洁又不粘皮肤的绷带盖住烧伤面，用胶布把绷带固定。千万不要在烧伤处涂黄油、油或软膏，因为这会使里面的热散不出去，而且还可能导致感染。6如果烧伤的部位在臂部和腿部，尽可能把手臂或腿脚抬高到高于心脏的位置。如果是面部烧伤，伤者则应该坐起来。7如果属于二度或三度烧伤，就必须立即把患者送往医院或送去看医生。课堂合作探究1.First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.(教材

5、P33)急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。aid n& vt. 帮助；援助；资助归纳拓展(1)first aid (对伤患者的)急救do/offer/give/perform/carry out first aid to sb. 对某人进行急救in aid of . 为了帮助with the aid of . 在帮助下，借助于come to ones aid 来帮助某人(2)aid v. 帮助；援助aid ( . ) in sth./doing sth. 在某事/做某事上帮助aid sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某

6、人做某事They pulled the man from the water and gave him first aid.他们把那个人拉上岸并实施了急救。The guide was a great aid to us in our trip. 在我们的旅行中，向导对我们帮助很大。With the aid of our teachers, we learned how to perform first aid.在老师们的帮助下，我们学会了如何进行急救。One of the staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid.一名工作人员见他有困

7、难，便过来帮忙。Calcium may aid in the prevention of cancer.钙可能有助于预防癌症。【即景活用1】(1)单句语法填空They were accused of aiding him his escape.Thank you for aiding me the work.答案：inwith(2)单句写作They collected a lot of money the poor girl.他们募捐了很多钱以帮助那个可怜的女孩。They encouraged him and his scientific studies.他们鼓励他并协助他进行科学研究。答案：

8、in aid ofaided him in/withfall ill 生病归纳拓展fall into the habit of . 形成的习惯fall into debt 欠债fall silent 安静下来fall asleep 入睡；睡着fall behind 落后fall down 跌倒fall in love with . 爱上I fell asleep while reading the very dull book.我在阅读这本很乏味的书的时候睡着了。The teacher fell ill suddenly while she was giving class. Since th

9、en she has been ill for half a year.那位老师上课时突然生病。自那时起她已经病了半年了。He didnt want to fall behind others in his studies.他不想在学习上落后于别人。(2016天津高考)I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.我了解到如果你喜欢某件事，并且一直在做，那么你最终会做好的。【即景活用2】单句写作Her husband for a long t

10、ime and is unable to work.她丈夫病了很长一段时间，不能去工作了。They each other at first sight.他们一见钟情。Dont smoking.别沾染上吸烟的坏习惯。It took him a long time to .他过了很久才睡着。答案：has been illfell in love withfall into the bad habit offall asleep2Often the illness or injury is not serious, but there are other times when giving firs

11、t aid quickly can save lives.(教材P33)通常情况下患者的病情或伤势并不严重，但有些时候，给予迅速急救能挽救人的生命。injury n. 损害；损伤；伤害(感情、名誉等)归纳拓展(1)receive an injury 受伤injury to . 对的伤害do an injury to sb./do sb. an injury 伤害某人(2)injured adj. 受伤的the injured 伤者(作主语，谓语动词用复数)get injured 受伤(3)injure vt. 伤害，损害The driver of the car received seriou

12、s injuries to the legs and arms.那位汽车司机的双腿和双臂严重受伤。(2017全国卷)These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.这些气味(化学物质)是植物受伤的部分发出来的，好像是一个警报器。The moment the terrible accident happened, ambulances rushed the injured to the hospital.那起可怕的事故一发生，救护车就把受伤的人火速送到医院。Dont do that.

13、 Youll do yourself an injury/get injured.别那样做。你会把自己弄伤的。【即景活用】单句语法填空(2018北京高考)A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles (injure) and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train.Many common (injure) happen every day at home.答案：was injuredinjuries课文预学检测.Fastreading

14、Read the text quickly and then try to write down the main idea.The passage mainly tells us types of burns and for burns.答案：three; first aid.CarefulreadingChoose the best answers according to the passage.1The largest organ of your body is the .Abrain BmouthCstomach Dskin答案：D2If someone gets burned an

15、d his hands get black and white and charred, the burns belong to .Athe first degree Bthe second degreeCthe third degree Dnone of the above答案：C3Why should we dry the burned area gently?ABecause the person will cry.BBecause rubbing may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.CBecause the bur

16、ns are on the face.DBecause it will make the person feel good.答案：B4Whats the main idea of the text?AThe burns and the first aid treatment.BThe characteristics of burns.CThe function of the skin.DHow to carry out the first aid for burns.答案：A课后演练提能基础题.单词拼写1By mile 17, I became out of breath and the on

17、ce injured (踝) hurt badly.答案：ankle2My little brother walked into my room wearing a (绷带) on his wounded head.答案：bandage3He suffered a (暂时的，临时的) loss of memory.答案：temporary4The Yangtze River is a natural (屏障) to the northeast.答案：barrier5A cold, fever and headache are the usual (症状；征兆) of flu.答案：sympto

18、ms6The insectbite made her finger (肿胀)答案：swell7(2017浙江高考)Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a (多样) of answers.答案：variety8(2017全国卷)The world is more (复杂的) than it seems.答案：complex9After (挤出) the water out of the shirt, she hung it in the sun.答案：squeezing10Sun creams

19、 work by blocking the suns harmful (辐射)答案：radiation.单句语法填空1The attack was a severe (injure) to his reputation.答案：injury2We completed the task the aid of multimedia.答案：with3She almost (choke) to death in the thick smoke.答案：choked4If you stick practising the piano, you can become a good pianist sooner

20、 or later.答案：to5The cut on my finger (blood) a lot when I was hurt yesterday.答案：bled6He resigned for a (various) of reasons.答案：variety7“I think youve made a mistake，” he said (mild)答案：mildly8There are too many big factories blowing out dangerous smoke and letting out (poison) chemicals into rivers.答

21、案：poisonous9Reading over and over again is vital importance to English study.答案：of10I had thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really (bear)答案：unbearable能力题.阅读理解(2017北京高考)It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Aca

22、demy softball team were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm. Eighthgrader Taylor Bisbee shivered (发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didnt know each other wellTaylor had just moved to town a month or so before.Suddenly

23、, Paris fell to the ground. “Pariss eyes rolled back，” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”It certainly was. Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach

24、 shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR？”CPR is a lifesaving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick persons chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen, the brain is damaged quickly.Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she he

25、sitated. She didnt think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR. “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death，” says Taylor.Taylors swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get

26、 the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic device (器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Pariss heartbeat returned.“I know I was really lucky，” Paris says now. “Most people dont survive this. My team saved my life.”Experts say Paris is right：For a sud

27、den heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now，” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure i

28、n a scary situation.”篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在寒冷的三月的一天，垒球队的姑娘们在训练时发生的惊心动魄的一幕Paris突发心力衰竭，生死关头，队友Taylor勇敢地站出来，对她进行心肺复苏，最终使她平安脱险。1What happened to Paris on a March day?AShe caught a bad cold.BShe had a sudden heart problem.CShe was knocked down by a ball.DShe shivered terribly during practice.答案：B细节理解题。由第三段

29、第二句可知，Paris突发心脏病。故选B。2Why does Paris say she was lucky?AShe made a worthy friend.BShe recovered from shock.CShe received immediate CPR.DShe came back on the softball team.答案：C推理判断题。由倒数第三段Paris的话可知，这种情况下，多数人都很难存活，她是非常幸运的，是团队救了她，故选C项“她得到了及时的心肺复苏术”。3Which of the following words can best describe Taylor

30、?AEnthusiastic and kind.BCourageous and calm.CCooperative and generous.DAmbitious and professional.答案：B推理判断题。由第五段可知，Taylor虽然对自己的技术不太自信，但在没有其他人站出来的情况下，仍然跑向Paris并开始做心肺复苏术，她心里清楚，这是生与死的区别，由此可以推测Taylor是非常勇敢而且冷静的。故选B。1emergency n. 紧急情况；突发事件2CPR n. 心肺复苏；人工呼吸3survival n. 幸存；继续生存；残存物1in shock 震惊/吃惊地；休克2under

31、 pressure 在压力之下；迫于压力.完形填空A Race Against DeathIt was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.On the 20th of that month, Dr Welch 1 a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious (传染的) disease mainly affecting childr

32、en. The children of Nome would be 2 if it struck the town. Dr Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 3 ， the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.How could the medicine get to Nome? The towns 4 was already full of ice, so it couldnt come by

33、ship. Cars and horses couldnt travel on the 5 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didnt exist yet. 6 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were 7 . Nomes town officials came up with a(n) 8 . They would have the medicine sent by 9 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsl

34、ed (狗拉雪橇) driversknown as “mushers”would 10 it to Nome in a relay (接力)The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 11 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannons face was black from the extreme cold.On January 31

35、, a musher named Seppala had to 12 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most 13 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would 14 ， and so would the sick

36、 children of Nome. But Seppala made it across.A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his 15 . He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹) to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 16 the trai

37、l again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasens lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, 17 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to 18 . He had found the trail.At 5：30 am on Februar

38、y 2, Kaasen and his dogs 19 in Nome. Within minutes, Dr Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered.Nome had been 20 .篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。1925年寒冷的一月，阿拉斯加的一个叫Nome的小镇因为大雪而与外界隔绝了，就在这时，该镇上的很多孩子感染上了一种传染性极强的疾病。治疗这种病的药物由于冰雪天气无法送达。最后人们想出办法，用狗拉雪橇接力运送的方法，展开了一场与死神的赛跑，最终将药物及

39、时送达，挽救了孩子们。1A.examinedBwarnedCinterviewedDcured答案：A根据下文“knew he had diphtheria”可知，医生给小男孩做了检查。故选A。2A.harmlessBhelplessCfearlessDcareless答案：B根据上文“mainly affecting children”可知，这种传染病如果在整个小镇爆发，很多小孩都会无力抵抗，即没有生还的希望。故选B。3A.MoreoverBThereforeCOtherwiseDHowever答案：DWelch大夫需要立即得到药品，而最近的药物供应地离这儿有一千多英里。前后两句话之间是转折

40、关系，故答案为D项。moreover “此外，而且”；therefore “因此，所以”；otherwise “否则，不然”；however “然而，可是”。4A.airportBstationCharborDborder答案：C根据本句中的“it couldnt come by ship”可知药品不能用船运进来，因为这儿停靠船的港口都是冰。5A.narrowBsnowyCbusyDdirty答案：B根据第一段中的“due to heavy snow”可知此处应该是：汽车和马无法在被雪覆盖的路上跑。narrow “狭窄的”；snowy “被雪覆盖的”；busy “繁忙的，忙碌的”；dirty

41、“肮脏的”。6A.From BOnCByDAfter答案：C截止到1月26号，Billy和其他三个孩子已经死了。根据谓语动词had died可知此处应该用介词by具体时间，表示“到时”。7A.tiredBupsetCpaleDsick答案：D四个孩子已经死了，还有20个孩子正在发病中。根据后文第14空后的“the sick children”可知答案为D项。tired “劳累的，疲劳的”；upset “难过的，心烦意乱的”；pale “苍白的”；sick “生病的”。8A.planBexcuseCmessageDtopic答案：A根据下文“They would have the medicin

42、e sent . in a relay (接力)”可知，此处指官员想出了一个运输药物的方案。故选A。9A.airBrailCseaDroad答案：B根据第五段第二句中的“from the train at Nenana”可知，此处指通过铁路运输。故选B。10A.carryBreturnCmailDgive答案：A根据语境可知，此处应指将药物运到Nome小镇。故选A。11A.ThoughBSinceCWhenDIf答案：C当Shannon把药品交到下一个人手里时，他的脸已被严寒冻青了。根据语境可知用when引导时间状语从句。12A.enterBmoveCvisitDcross答案：D根据下文“B

43、ut Seppala made it across.”可知，此处表示穿过。故选D。13A.shamefulBboringCdangerousDfoolish答案：C根据下句的描述冰可能会在毫无征兆的情况下破裂，所以这段路程是最危险的。shameful “可耻的，丢脸的”；boring “无聊的，烦人的”；dangerous “危险的”；foolish “愚蠢的”。14A.escapeBbleedCswimDdie答案：D根据上文“fall into the icy water below”可知，此处指Seppala会有失去生命的危险。故选D。15A.memoryBexitCwayDdestin

44、ation答案：C根据下文“He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹) to get around them.”可知，当走到一个地方时，大堆的雪挡住了前进的道路(way)。memory “记忆，记忆力”；exit “出口”；destination “目的地”。16A.findBfixCpassDchange答案：A当时的情况非常糟糕，他根本不可能找到(find)雪橇痕迹。17A.pretendingBtryingCaskingDlearning答案：B这只领头的狗把鼻子贴在地面上，努力寻找其他狗拉着雪橇时留下的气味。try to do sth. “努力做某事”。18A.r

45、unBleaveCbiteDplay答案：A突然这只狗开始奔跑(run)起来，因为它找到了雪橇痕迹。19A.gatheredBstayedCcampedDarrived答案：D根据语境可知，终于在2月2号凌晨5：30，Kaasen和他的狗到达了Nome镇。20A.controlledBsavedCfoundedDdeveloped答案：B根据上文“All of them recovered.”可知，此处表示Nome小镇得救了。故选B。.短文改错We had a discussion on “overnightfame” last week. Nowadays, many people were crazy about instant fame and wealthy. To be honest,