四级长对话(专项)ppt课件.ppt

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1、四级长对话听力四级长对话听力Long Conversationsl一、三大要点一、三大要点l二、二、长对话的常用词汇长对话的常用词汇/短语及句型短语及句型一、三大要点一、三大要点l( (一一) )听前预测听前预测l( (二二) )听中抓听中抓“点点”l( (三三) )缩略为王缩略为王一、三大基本功一、三大基本功l（一）听前预测l听力题中很多选项都有比较明显的特点，或者使用某种专门的表达形用某种专门的表达形式，如式，如均为动词原形均为动词原形或或均为人物角均为人物角色色等等; ;或者含有一些或者含有一些标志性标志性的词语，的词语，通过这些选项特点我们便可以通过这些选项特点我们便可以推测推测问题可

2、能考查的问题可能考查的核心内容核心内容;听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法 l另外，我们经常可以通过对选项的分析，排除一些比较明显的干扰性，缩小听音范围，从而在听音时更有针对性。1、各题主题揭示对话主题、各题主题揭示对话主题将各题所考查的主题内容结合在一起，往往可得出整篇对话的主题。【预览选项】【预览选项】19. A To interview a few job applicants. B To fill a vacancy in the company. C To advertise for a junior sales manager. D To apply for

3、a job in a major newspaper.听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法20. A A hard working ambitious young man. B A young man good at managing his time. C A college graduate with practical working experience. D A young man with his own idea of what is important.【听前预测】【听前预测】预览19题中的interv

4、iew, applicants, vacancy, advertise for a manager, apply for a job等词语可以推测对话与刊登招聘广告或应聘工作有关。而20题中hardworking, ambitious, good at managing his time, with practical working experience, with his own idea等词语则表明对话中还涉及到对所招聘人员的要求。听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法2、选项均以动词的某种形式开头、选项均以动词的某种形式开头l 含有这类选项的问题为考查“行为活动”类型

5、。根据动词的不同形式，问题考查的重点也可能不同。l 选项均以动词原形开头动词原形开头，问题大多是关于建议某建议某人做某事人做某事，有时也表示为了而某种目的而要做某要做某事事。l 选项均为动名词动名词，问题大多是关于正在进行的动正在进行的动作或者计划打算作或者计划打算。l 选项为不定式不定式，问题很可能是关于做某事的目的目的，或是计划计划、承诺承诺或要求做某事要求做某事。听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法【预览选项】【预览选项】A File a lawsuit against the man.B Ask the man for compensation.C Have the

6、 mans apple tree cut down. D Throw garbage into the mans yard.【听前预测】【听前预测】l 选项均为动词原形，故本题应该是考查某人的行为活动。四个选项均是针对男士的行为，故本题很可能是关于某人与男士发生争吵或冲突时所采取的应对措施。【验证】【验证】W: Get the branches off my property or Ill have to sue you.M: Yeah? For what?! Youre taking those law classes too seriously! Ive gotta go, I have

7、to pick up my son.21. What did the woman threaten to do?【预览选项】【预览选项】A To interview a few job applicants.B To fill a vacancy in the company.C To advertise for a junior sales manager.D To apply for a job in a major newspaper.【听前预测】【听前预测】l 选项均为不定式短语，故本题应该是考查某人将要采取的行动。 A 、 C 是关于招聘工作(interview, advertise

8、)， B 、 D则是关于申请工作(fill, apply for)，故听音时应留意该行为是关于招聘还是应聘。【验证】【验证】M: Morning, Brenda.W: Good morning, Mr. Browning.M: Er, did you, did you put that ad in yesterday?W: Yes, yesterday afternoon.M: The ad for a junior sales manager, I mean.19. What did Mr. Browning ask Brenda to do?3 3、选项中含有表示意愿或建议的词、选项中含有

9、表示意愿或建议的词如果选项中含有should, had better, would like等一类的词语，问题很可能是考查“观点或建议”。听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法【预览选项】【预览选项】A Accurate communication is of utmost importance. B Pilots should be able to speak several foreign languages.C Air controllers should keep a close watch on the weather.D Cooperation between p

10、ilots and air controllers is essential.【听前预测】【听前预测】l 由选项中的should可推知，本题应该是考查某人的观点或建议。选项内容表明问题应该与确保安全飞行的因素有关听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法【验证】【验证】M: Sadly enough, yes they did. It was a really bad mistake. Many people died as a result of the simple misunderstanding.W: Wow, thats a powerful lesson on how

11、 important it can be to accurately communicate to each other.25. What lesson could be drawn from the accident?4 4、选项中含有表示评论或感受的动词、选项中含有表示评论或感受的动词如果选项中含有think, like, dislike, enjoy, agree, disagree, mind等一类的词语，听力材料或问题很可能是关于对某人或某事物的评评价或感受价或感受。四个选项中如均含有均含有表示评论或感受的词，则表示问题是关于对人或事物的评价或关于对人或事物的评价或感受感受;如其中只

12、有个别选项含有个别选项含有表示评论或感受的词，则表示听力材料中很可能涉及到对人或事物的评价或感受，问题问题内容则不一不一定会涉及定会涉及。听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法【预览选项】【预览选项】A Not clearly specified.B Not likely to be met.C Reasonable enough.D Apparently sexist.【听前预测】【听前预测】l四个选项中均含有表示评论的词语(specified（详细的说明的）, reasonable等)，故问题很可能是关于某人对某事物的看法。【验证】【验证】W: Yes, erm, wha

13、t sort of education are you actually looking for?M: Well, you know, a couple of A levels. Must have English, of course.W: Yes, I think youre asking quite a lot. I mean youre not really prepared to pay all .M: No, Im not prepared to give him a big salary to start with. Nevertheless, I want someone wi

14、th plenty of ambition, plenty of drive. You know, not looking at the clock all the time.W: Well sir, I wish you the best of luck and hope you have some very successful interviews.M: Well, yes?W: Because personally I think youre asking an awful lot.21. What does Brenda think of the qualifications Mr.

15、 Browning insists on?听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法5 5、选项中含有比较结构选项中含有比较结构如果选项中含有形容词或副词的比较级或最高级，或是其他表示比较的词语，则听力材料或问题很可能涉及人或事物之间人或事物之间的异同异同点点或优劣优劣的比较。四个选项中如均含有均含有比较级或表示比较的词，则表示问题是关于人或事物之间的比人或事物之间的比较较;如其中只有个别只有个别选项中含有含有比较级，则表示听力材料中很可能涉及到人或事物之间的比较，问题问题内容则不一定不一定会涉及。听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法【预览选项】【预览选项】A

16、 Their competitors have long been advertising on TV.B TV commercials are less expensive. C Advertising in newspapers alone is not sufficient.D TV commercials attract more investments.【听前预测】【听前预测】l 由选项中的advertising on TV，advertising in newspapers以及比较级less expensive, attract more可知本题很可能涉及到电视广告和报纸广告之间优

17、劣的比较。故听音时应留意比较级或其他陈述二者优劣特点的词句。听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法【验证】【验证】W: Marketing has some interesting ideas for television commercials.M: TV? Isnt that a bit too expensive for us? Whats wrong with advertising in the papers, as usual?W: Quite frankly, its just not enough anymore.22. Why does the woman

18、suggest advertising on TV?6 6、选项均为名词性短语、选项均为名词性短语如选项均为概括性较强的名词名词或是名词性的短语名词性的短语，且各项内容差异较大，问题则很可能是关于对话所谈论的主主题题或对话中出现的某一事件或问题的主题主题。听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法【预览选项】【预览选项】 A The latest developments of an armed rebellion in Karnak.B The fall of Karnaks capital city into the hands of the rebel forces.C T

19、he epidemic that has just broken out in the country of Karnak. D The peace talks between the rebels and the government in Karnak.【听前预测】【听前预测】选项均为名词短语，且概括性均较强，故本题很可能考查对话的主旨。由armed rebellion，the rebel forces，peace talks between the rebels and the government等词以及多次出现的Karnak可推知本对话很可能与Karnak国反政府武装叛乱有关。听力长

20、对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法【验证】【验证】W: We now interrupt our regular scheduled news program to bring you live up-to-date coverage on the civil unrest in the newly formed country of Karnak, where our man Stan Fielding is stationed. Stan .M: This is Stan Fielding reporting live from the suburbs of the cap

21、ital city. Just 20 minutes ago, rebel forces launched the biggest offensive against the ruling government in the 18- month conflict here in this country.22.What is the news coverage mainly about?听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法7 7、与对话主题或其余选项内容不同的选项往、与对话主题或其余选项内容不同的选项往往不是答案往不是答案如果某一选项明显与对话主题不相关不相关，那么该选项往

22、往不是答案不是答案。 如果某一选项某一选项明显与其他三个选其他三个选项内容不同，即与该题主题明显不相关的选项往往不是答案不是答案。【预览选项】【预览选项】19. A He picked up some apples in his yard. B He cut some branches off the apple tree. C He quarreled with his neighbor over the fence. D He cleaned up all the garbage in the womans yard.20. A Trim the apple trees in her ya

23、rd. B Pick up the apples that fell in her yard. C Take the garbage to the curb for her. D Remove the branches from her yard.听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法21. A File a lawsuit against the man.B Ask the man for compensation.C Have the mans apple tree cut down.D Throw garbage

24、into the mans yard.22. A He was ready to make a concession.B He was not prepared to go to court.C He was not intimidated.D He was a bit concerned.【听前预测】【听前预测】 由各选项中的apple, tree, yard, branches, trim(修剪)等词可推知对话主题应该与苹果树枝条和院子有关，再根据选项中出现的quarreled, lawsuit(诉讼), compensation(赔偿), concession(让步), court(法庭

25、)等词可推知对话还可能涉及到对话双方的争吵。 19题各选项中谓语动词的过去式形式表明本题应该是考查男士过去的活动。A、B、C均与苹果树和院子有关，只有C是关于fence(栅栏)，与其他三项内容差别较大，且与其他各题选项内容均不相关，故C为答案的可能性较小。听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法【验证】【验证】W: Hello, Patrick, is that you?M: Yeah, Jane, what can I do for you?W: I was calling about the apple tree th

26、at you were trimming yesterday.M: That was hard work!【答案解析】19. What did the man do yesterday?【解析】选B。由女士话中的the apple tree that you were trimming yesterday可知男士昨天给苹果树剪枝了。trim意为“修剪，修整”。8 8、包含其他选项内容的选项往往不是答案、包含其他选项内容的选项往往不是答案有的选项明显包含其他选项的含义，那么该选项往往不是答案。【预览选项】A She was impressed by it.B It was a waste of

27、money.C She was amazed it had opened so soon.D She didnt like it as much as the other wings. 【听前预测】l 由选项中的impressed， a waste of money, amazed, like 等可推知本题是针对对某事物的看法设题的。选项A说“it”给她留下了深刻印象，选项C说她对“it”这么快就开张(或开放)感到吃惊，其含义包含A的含义在内，故C很可能不是答案。听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法【验证】验证】M: Hey, how was your trip?W: Wo

28、nderful. I spent most of my time at the art museum. I especially liked the new wing. I was amazed to hear the guide explain all the problems they had building it. 【答案解析】34.What did the woman think of the new wing of the museum?【解析】 选A。细节题。由对话中出现的 amazed, unusual, impressive等可知女士对美术馆新侧厅的修建费用以及修建过程中的种

29、种问题大感吃惊，并且对里面的设计印象非常深刻，故答案为A。听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法9、明显不符常理的选项往往不是答案、明显不符常理的选项往往不是答案有的选项明显不符合该对话情景下的常识或常理，那么该选项往往也不是答案。【预览选项】A Accurate communication is of utmost importance.B Pilots should be able to speak several foreign languages.C Air controllers should keep a close watch on the weather.D

30、Cooperation between pilots and air controllers is essential.【听前预测】【听前预测】l 由选项中的should可推知，本题应该是考查观点或建议。选项内容表明问题应该与确保安全飞行的因素有关。B是说飞行员应该会说几门外语，这不大合乎常理，因为飞国内行线的飞行员并不一定要会好几门外语，故B为答案的可能性较小。听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法【验证】【验证】 M: Sadly enough, yes they did. It was a really bad mistake. Many people died as

31、a result of the simple misunderstanding. W: Wow, thats a powerful lesson on how important it can be to accurately communicate to each other.【答案解析】25. What lesson could be drawn from the accident?【解析】选A。对话的最后女士总结了这次事故的教训：how important it can be to accurately communicate to each other，答案是对此的同义转述。utmos

32、t意为“极大的”。听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法1010、意思相近的选项往往都不是答案、意思相近的选项往往都不是答案如果有两个选项意思明显相近，那么这两个选 项往往都不是答案。【预览选项】【预览选项】 A He was ready to make a concession.B He was not prepared to go to court.C He was not intimidated.D He was a bit concerned.【听前预测】【听前预测】l 由选项中的concession(让步)，go to court, intimidate (威胁)，

33、 concerned(担心)等词可推测问题应该与男士对某事的反应有关。A是说他准备让步，B是说他不准备上法庭，二者都表示男士要“妥协退让”的含义，故很可能都不是答案。听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法听力长对话听力长对话1010大听前预测方法大听前预测方法【验证】【验证】M: Get the branches off my property or Ill have to sue you.M: Yeah? For what?! W: Youll be hearing from me.M: Yeah, yeah. See you in court, Jane.【答案解析】【答

34、案解析】22. What was the mans reaction to the womans threat?【解析】选C。女士说让男士等着收法庭的传票(hear from me)，男士的回答“Yeah, yeah. See you in court(法庭见)”表明他根本not intimidated(不怕威胁)。( (二二) )听中抓听中抓“点点”l边听边记边听边记是听力中一项非常重要的技能，但是做笔记并不是要把听到的每一个单词都记下来，笔记无非是帮助记忆的手段，只要能把重要的信息用可识别的符号记录下来，就算达到了目的。因此为了提高听与记的效率，应注意把握一定的技巧和原则。( (二二) )

35、听中抓听中抓“点点”l 有了充分的听前预测,听时的主要任务就是抓住考点,且掌握如下原则:l首尾原则首尾原则l问答原则问答原则l视听一致视听一致l顺序原则顺序原则l重复原则重复原则l（三）（三）缩略为王缩略为王注意使用缩略注意使用缩略语语l记笔记一定要迅速，而要想在记笔记一定要迅速，而要想在有限的时间内尽可能比较全面的记有限的时间内尽可能比较全面的记录重点信息，使用一定的缩略语和录重点信息，使用一定的缩略语和熟悉的符号是十分必要的，主要有熟悉的符号是十分必要的，主要有以下几种方法：以下几种方法：l l 1)利用数学符号。利用数学符号。l 如如equal写成写成“=”; l“”表示表示“unequ

36、al”;l“”代表代表increase/up; l“”表示表示result from/because/since/for/as; l“”代表代表lead to/result in/has become/turn into;l“”表示表示decrease/drop/dip/fall;l“”代表代表about/almost;表示表示more than;l表示表示 less than;l“ +”代表代表include/cover;l“-”则是则是exclude等。等。l2)利用数字和其他固定符号。l能用数字或其他固定符号代表的词全部用阿拉伯数字或符号，这样既能节约时间，又能避免拼写错误.l如：twe

37、nty写成 20;l nineteen eighty four记作1984;l $=dollar; l=pound; l11 in the morning=11 am; l11 in the evening=11 pml等。l3)创造自己的速写符号。l在平时的训练中也可以使用和创造一些符合自己习惯的缩略语和符号。l如u可代表understand(ing); lm可代表mean(ing);l m=minute; ls=second; lh=hour; limp.=important/importance; nec.=necessary等。二、二、 长对话的常用词汇长对话的常用词汇/短语及句型短语

38、及句型l 1.职场工作类职场工作类l 2.家庭日常生活类家庭日常生活类l 3.休闲时光类休闲时光类l 4.学习类学习类l 1.职场工作类职场工作类大学英语四级的听力考试涉及工作涉及工作的话题颇多的话题颇多,但是很少谈论具体工作细节,大都是日常的工作情况大都是日常的工作情况。 l 总结经常出现的相关词汇总结经常出现的相关词汇/短语如下短语如下:l be responsible for, out of control, trading, financial market, work-related, changing jobs, high stress, a stressful job, long

39、-term performance and success, equipment, proposal, human resources, advertising in the papers, advertising strategy, commercials, investment, profit, budget, effective communication skills, ability to work individually, retire, retirement, scheme, temporary staff, committee work, in charge of, resu

40、me, etc. l 以下总结工作类话题经常出现的句子以下总结工作类话题经常出现的句子/ 句型句型:l Did you have time to look at my proposal? l If we want to stay competitive, we need to .l Well have to discuss .l We should consider .l It is not enough any more. l We need to be more aggressive in order to keep ahead of our competitors.l Well be a

41、ble to afford this. l I am fed up with my job. l If I stay on my present job much longer, I wont have any mind or skills left. l What about salary? l That is why I am interested in this job. l I have done different types of things. l You are really resourceful. l You might just be the person weve be

42、en looking for. l 2.家庭日常生活类家庭日常生活类 关于家庭日常生活的话题涉及面比较广关于家庭日常生活的话题涉及面比较广,出现频出现频率也比较高。我们要关注当前社会的热点话题率也比较高。我们要关注当前社会的热点话题,比如比如房价、交通、环境、安全等。房价、交通、环境、安全等。 总结经常出现的相关词汇总结经常出现的相关词汇/短语如下短语如下:l rent, landlord, house-leasing contract, utilities（公（公用设备）用设备）, agency fees, real estate, mortgage(按揭按揭), down payment(

43、首付首付), affordable housing(经济适用经济适用房房), withdrawal（提款）（提款）, deposit, traffic jam, route, rubbish disposal station, recycle, surrounding, facility, etc. l 以下总结家庭日常生活类话题经常出现的句子以下总结家庭日常生活类话题经常出现的句子/ 句句型型:l What form of transport do you prefer to use? l What are your opinions about traffic problems? l Th

44、ere is a problem with .l I am sorry about this inconvenience. l How can we afford to buy .? l We can pay a little on .l Ive been told you might have a vacant room.l Do you want to share with any roommates or live alone? l I heard the price of the house has risen again.以以module3 conversation two 为例为例

45、l 3.休闲时光类休闲时光类 大学英语四级听力考试中涉及到休闲内容的材料也不少,但主要集中在旅游和预定酒店方面。 总结经常出现的相关词汇/短语如下:l leisure time, motel, accommodation, annual leave, tourist attraction, resort, single room, passport, pack, ready to leave, depend on, relax, check in, check-in procedure, check out, pay in advance, do some sightseeing, fanta

46、stic, peak season, low / off season, receipt, registration, flexible, souvenir, holiday brochure, group reservation, travel agency, local specialty, package tour, one-way trip, round trip, etcl 以下总结休闲时光类话题经常出现的句子/ 句型:l I am packed and ready to leave. l I cant remember which bag its in. l I have plan

47、ned to .l I can give you a 10% discount. l Ill have to charge you 100 pounds for the night. l I am going to visit .l I have also traveled a bit. l It is less crowded and hotels cost less.l I love train travel. l Would you recommend some scenic spots for us to see here? l Can you show me some of the

48、attractions here? l Id like to know what the itinerary is. l 4.学习类学习类 总结经常出现的相关词汇/短语如下:l do research online, take / sit / pass / fail an exam, take extra lessons, compulsory courses(公共必修课), credit system and selective courses, curriculum, seminar, website, academic year, full-time student, major, th

49、esis, freshman, degree, etc.l 以下总结学习类话题经常出现的句子以下总结学习类话题经常出现的句子/ 句型句型:l I am looking for information on / about .l Do you want a day or evening course? l Have you taken any courses?l How many weeks does the course last? l How much is the course? l I want to do Philosophy rather than English, but my p

50、arents talked me out of it. l You would have chosen .l. .观点、态度句。观点、态度句。l I think Ill take the half-day tour of the city.l I dont think we can get a hotel at this time.l I suppose you would have arrived earlier.l I cant agree more.l I dont feel like going out.l Why not?l Why bother?二、熟悉句型是听力训练的基础二、熟悉