医学英语单词词汇知识表.doc

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1、-#abdominohysterectomy剖腹子宫切除术，腹式子宫切除术abortion流产，小产 , artificial/induced人工流产 , habitual习惯性流产 , threatened先兆流产abrasion摖伤，磨损abscess脓肿aciduria酸尿acne痤疮，粉刺adenomyoma腺肌瘤，子宫内膜瘤agalacia乳泌缺乏，无乳AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)爱滋病艾滋病albuminuria蛋白尿alopecia (baldness)脱发，秃amenorrhoea经闭，无月经amnesia记忆缺失，遗忘（症

2、）amyotrophy肌萎缩androgen雄激素（类）anaemia贫血aneurysm动脉瘤angiitis (vasculitis)脉管炎（血管炎）angiofibroma血管纤维瘤angiosarcoma血管肉瘤anorexia食欲缺乏，厌食（症）anoxemia缺氧血（症），血缺氧anxiety焦虑aortitis主动脉炎aphasia失语（症）apoplexy中风，卒中appendicitis阑尾炎arrhythmia心律失常，心律不齐arteriosclerosis动脉硬化arteritis动脉炎arthralgia关节痛arthritis关节炎ascaris蛔虫ascarias

3、is蛔虫病ascites (hydroperitoneum)腹水aspermia无精，精液缺乏asthenia无力，虚弱，衰弱asthma气喘athletes foot (tinea pedis)脚气atrophy萎缩autism (Kanners syndrome, infantile autism)孤独癖（康纳氏综合症，幼儿孤独癖）azoospermia精子缺乏，精子活动力缺乏TopB bacteria（单bacterium）细菌；（无芽胞）杆菌balanitis龟头炎balanoposthitis龟头包皮炎belching嗳气beriberi脚气（病）blepharitis睑炎（尤指睑缘

4、炎）blepharoptosis睑下垂blister水疱，发疱药borborygmus肠鸣bradycardia心动徐缓，心搏徐缓bronchitis支气管炎bronchospasm支气管痉挛bruise/contusion挫伤bruxism夜间磨牙，磨牙症bursitis粘液囊炎，滑囊炎TopC caffeine咖啡因，咖啡碱calamine炉甘石，异极石calcemia钙血症calcification钙化，沉钙（作用）calcium钙 carbonate碳酸钙 chloride氯化钙 glutamate谷氨酸钙 hydroxide氢氧化钙 lactophosphate乳磷酸钙 oxalat

5、e草酸钙 phosphate磷酸钙callus骨痂，胼胝cancer癌, encephaloid髓样癌, cervical宫颈癌, epithelial上皮癌，上皮瘤, prostate前列腺癌 , uterine子宫癌candidiasis念珠菌病canthitis眦炎capillary毛细管，毛样的carbohydrate碳水化合物，糖类carbon碳 dioxide二氧化碳 monoxide一氧化碳carbuncle痈carcinogen致癌物（质）carcinoma癌, glandular腺癌, nasopharyngeal鼻咽癌cardialgia胃灼痛，心痛carditis心（脏）

6、炎, rheumatic风湿性心（脏）炎cataract白内障catarrh卡他，粘膜炎catatonia紧张症，木僵causalgia灼痛cellulites蜂窝织炎chancre下疳，初疮cheilitis唇炎, commissural口角炎cheilosis唇干裂，唇损害, angular口角干裂chemotherapy化学疗法，化学治疗，化疗chickenpox水痘chilblain冻疮chlamydia衣原体chloasma (melasma) 褐黄斑（黑斑病）chloroma绿色瘤chlorosis萎黄病，绿色贫血，萎黄病贫血cholangitis胆管炎cholecystitis胆

7、囊炎choledochitis胆总管炎cholelithiasis胆石病cholera霍乱cholesteatoma胆脂瘤，珠光瘤chondritis软骨炎chondroma软骨瘤chondropathy软骨病chondrosarcoma软骨肉瘤chorditis声带炎chorea舞蹈病chyluria乳糜尿cirrhosis硬变，肝硬变climateric绝经期，更年期clubbing杵状变（指、趾）coccygodynia/coccydynia/coccyalgia尾骨痛colectomy结肠切除术colic绞痛cold (common cold)感冒colitis结肠炎collagen胶

8、原colpocele (vaginocele)/colpoptosis阴道疝，阴道脱垂colposcopy阴道镜检查，阴道窥器检查coma昏迷 , diabetic糖尿病性昏迷 , hepatic肝性昏迷condyloma湿疣congestion充血conjunctivitis (pink eye)结膜炎constipation便秘constitution体质constriction狭窄，缩窄consultation会诊consumption消耗，消费；疲劳，结核contagious(接)触(传)染的contamination污染continence节制；节欲contraception节育，避

9、孕contraceptive避孕药；避孕用具contraction收缩contraindication禁忌证contusion挫伤convalescence恢复(期)，康复(期)convulsion惊厥corditis精索炎coronaritis冠状动脉炎coryza (cold in the head)鼻卡他costalgia肋痛coxalgia髋痛；髋关节结核coxitis髋关节炎creatinuria肌酸尿CT (Computerized Tomography (CT Scan)计算机化断层X线摄影cyanosis发绀，青紫cyst囊肿，（包）囊cystalgia膀胱痛cystitis膀

10、胱炎cystoma囊瘤cystoscopy膀胱镜检查cystospasm膀胱痉挛TopD dacryoadenitis泪腺炎dacryocystitis泪囊炎debility虚弱decay腐蚀，腐烂defecation排粪deferentitis输精管炎deformity变形，畸形degeneration变性；退化dehydration脱水（作用），失水delactation断奶delirium谵妄，妄想delusion妄想dementia痴呆dengue (breakbone fever, dengue fever)登革热（断骨热，骨痛热症）dentoalveolitis牙槽炎，牙槽脓溢de

11、pression忧郁（症）；阻抑；凹，窝dermatitis皮炎, contact接触性皮炎, eczematous湿疹性皮炎, exfoliative剥脱性皮炎, irritant刺激性皮炎, x-rayX线皮炎dermatologist皮肤病学家，皮肤科医师dermatology皮肤病学dermatomyositis皮肌炎dermatosis皮肤病dermatostomatitis皮肤口炎，多形渗出性红斑detachment脱离，分离deterioration恶化detoxication解毒（作用）diabetes糖尿病diagnosis诊断, clinical临床诊断, differen

12、tial鉴别诊断, laboratory实验（室）诊断, pathological病理诊断, physical物理诊断dialysis透析，渗析diaphoresis出汗，发汗diaphoretic发汗药diarrhoea腹泻diet饮食，食物dietetics饮食学dietitian营养师，饮食学家dietotherapy饮食疗法diphtheria白喉diplegia两侧瘫，双瘫disease（疾）病, acquired后天病, acute急性病, Addisons阿狄森氏病（肾上腺皮质机能减退）, auto-immune自体免疫病, Bantis班替氏病（脾性贫血）, Basedows/

13、Graves巴塞多氏病（突眼性甲状腺肿）, Buergers伯格氏病（血栓闭塞性脉管炎）, chronic慢性病, congenital先天病, coronary heart冠心病, deficiency营养缺乏病, epidemic流行病, foot and mouth口蹄疫, functional机能性疾病，官能性疾病, hookworm钩虫病, infectious传染病, Menieres梅尼埃尔氏病（耳性眩晕病）, occupational职业病, pandemic大流行病, perenchymal器质性疾病, Parkinsons帕金森（震颤麻痹）, Raynauds雷诺氏病（两侧

14、间歇性小痉挛症）, venereal性病, Weils魏尔氏病（钩端螺旋体性黄疸）dislocation脱位disorder障碍，失调，紊乱，疾病dispersion分散（作用），弥散（作用）；分散体displacement移位；置换；替代dissemination散布，播散distension膨胀diverticulitis憩室炎diverticulosis（肠）憩室病dizziness头晕，头昏dorsalgia背痛dosage剂量dose量，（一次）剂量，一剂 , full足量 , initial首次量 , lethal致死量 , over过量 , toxic中毒量Downs syndr

15、ome先天愚型综合症dressing敷料；敷裹dropsy积水，水肿duodenitis十二指肠炎dysentery痢疾dysesthesia感觉迟钝dysfunction机能障碍，机能不良dysmenorrhoea痛经dysmnesia记忆障碍dysostosis骨发育障碍，骨发育不全dyspepsia消化不良dysphagia咽下困难dysphasia言语困难dysphonia发音困难dysphoria烦躁不安，焦虑dysplasia发育异常，发育不良dyspnoea呼吸困难dystocia难产dystonia张力障碍dystrophy (dystrophia)营养不良, muscular

16、肌营养不良dysuria排尿困难TopEecchymosis瘀斑ECG (Electrocardiogram)心电图ecmnesia近事遗忘ectopia异位eczema湿疹electrocardiograph心电描记术electroencephalogram (EEG)脑电图electroencephalograph脑电描记术elephantiasis象皮病embolism栓塞embolus栓子emergency急症emesis呕吐emetic催吐的；催吐药emission遗精 , night/nocturnal遗精，梦遗emphysema气肿, pulmonary肺气肿encephaled

17、ema脑水肿encephalemia脑充血encephalitis脑炎，大脑炎enchondroma内生软骨瘤endarteritis动脉内膜炎endocarditis心内膜炎endocervicitis子宫颈内膜炎endocrinasthenia内分泌（机能）衰弱，内分泌衰竭endogastritis胃粘膜炎endometriosis子宫内膜异位endometritis子宫内膜炎endophlebitis静脉内膜炎endoscopy内窥镜检查endothelioma内皮瘤enema灌肠法；灌肠剂engorgement充血；肿胀enostosis内生骨疣enterectomy肠切除术enter

18、itis肠炎enterobiasis/oxyuriasis蛲虫病enterocele肠疝；阴道后疝enterocolitis小肠结肠炎enterolith肠石enterospasm肠痉挛enterostenosis肠狭窄enterostomy肠造口术enterotomy肠切开术enuresis (bed wetting)遗尿epidemic流行病；（流行病）流行；流行性的epididymis附睾epididymitis附睾炎epididymo-orchitis睾丸附睾炎epilepsy癫痫（俗名羊痫风，羊癫风）epimenorrhoea月经过频epistaxis鼻出血（鼻衄）epithelio

19、ma上皮瘤，上皮癌epitheliosis上皮增殖erosion侵蚀，腐蚀；糜烂eructation嗳气eruption疹，发疹；长出，萌出erysipelas丹毒erythema红斑erythrasma红癣erythrocyanosis绀红皮病erythrocyte红细胞（旧名红血球）erythrocythemia红细胞增多（症）erythrocytopenia红细胞减少erythrocytosis红细胞增多erythroderma红皮病erythroleukemia红白血病erythromelalgia红斑性肢痛病esophagitis/oesophagitis食管炎esophagosco

20、pe/oesophagoscope食管镜esophagoscopy/oesophagoscopy食管镜检查esophagus/oesophagus食管estrogen/oestrogen雌激素eunuchism阉病，无睾症，去睾症exfoliation表皮脱落expectorant祛痰药expectoration痰；咳出exudation渗出TopFfatigue疲劳favus黄癣，毛囊癣febrile热性的，发热的felon指头脓炎fertility生育力fever发热，热 , dengue登革热 , hay枯草热，花草气喘，花粉病 , hectic潮热，痨病热，消耗热 , intermit

21、tent间歇热 , relapsing回归热 , rheumatic风湿（性）热，急性关节风湿病 , scarlet猩红热 , septic脓毒性热 , surgical外科手术热 , typhoid伤寒 , typhus斑疹伤寒 , vaccinal接种热 , yellow黄热病fibrillation纤维性颤动（简明纤颤）fibroadenoma纤维腺瘤fibroadenosis纤维囊性乳腺病fibroid纤维样的；纤维瘤；子宫纤维肌瘤fibrolipoma纤维脂（肪）瘤fibroma纤维瘤fibromyoma纤维肌瘤fibroneuroma纤维神经瘤fibrosarcoma纤维肉瘤fib

22、rositis纤维织炎，肌风湿病filaria丝虫（旧名血丝虫）filariasis丝虫病fissure裂，裂隙，裂纹fistula痿，痿管flatfoot平足flatulence（肠胃）气胀flatus肠（胃）气flu (influenza)流行性感冒fluctuation波动fluid液体；液；流质 , amniotic羊（膜）水 , ascitic腹水 , body体液 , seminal精液 , synovial滑液 , tissue组织液flushing发红；面红；冲洗follicle滤泡，小囊；卵泡folliculitis毛囊炎food poisoning食物中毒fracture骨

23、折；折断 , compound/open开放骨折，哆开骨折 , simple单纯骨折frostbite冻疮fungus（复fungi）真菌，霉菌funiculitis精索炎furuncle疖furunculosis疖病TopG galactostasis乳液积滞；泌乳停止gallstone胆石ganglion神经节；腱鞘囊肿ganglioneuroma神经节瘤ganglionitis神经节炎gangrene坏疽gastralgia胃痛gastrectasia胃扩张gastrectomy胃切除术gastritis 胃炎gastroenteritis胃肠炎gastroneurosis胃神经机能病g

24、astroptosis胃下垂gastroscope胃（窥）镜gastroscopy胃镜检查gastrospasm胃痉挛gastrostomy胃造口术genetic生殖的；遗传的genetics遗传学geriatrics老年病学gestation妊娠gingiva龈gingivitis龈炎glaucoma青光眼（旧名绿内障）glioma神经胶质瘤gliosis神经胶质瘤病，神经胶质增生glomangioma血管球瘤glomerulitis肾小球炎glomerulonephritis肾小球性肾炎glomerulosclerosis肾小球硬化症glossitis舌炎glycemia糖血症glycog

25、enosis（肝）糖原过多（症）glycopenia低血糖，血糖过少glycosuria糖尿goiter甲状腺肿gonorrhoea淋病gout痛风granulocytopenia粒细胞减少granulocytosis粒细胞增多granuloma肉芽肿，肉芽瘤granulomatosis肉芽肿病groin腹股沟gullet食管gum（牙）龈gynaecologist妇科学家，妇科医师gynaecology妇科学TopH halitosis口臭hallucination幻觉hallucinosis幻觉症hamartoma错构瘤harelip唇裂，免唇heartburn胃灼热，烧心haemangi

26、oma血管瘤haemarthrosis关节积血haematemesis呕血haematinic补血药haematocele血囊肿，积血haematocyst血囊肿haematoma血肿haematuria血尿haemianesthesia偏身麻木haemicrania偏头痛haemiplegia偏瘫haemoglobinuria血红蛋白尿haemophilia学友病haemoptysis咯血haemorrhage出血haemorrhoid痔haemorrhoidectomy痔切除术hepatectomy肝切除术hepatitis肝炎hepatoma肝细胞瘤hepatotomy肝切开术herni

27、a疝，突出, hiatal食管裂孔疝, inguinal腹股沟疝, umbilical脐疝herpes疱疹 zoster (shingles)带状疱疹hiatus裂孔hiccup呃逆histamine组（织）胺histology组织学hives荨麻疹hoarseness声嘶hormone激素 , adrenocorticotropic（缩ACTH）促肾上腺皮质激素 , luteinizing (LH)黄体化激素 , thyrotropic促甲状腺激素hyradenitis汗腺炎hydrarthrosis关节积水hydremia稀血症hyrocele水囊肿；阴囊水囊肿hydronephrosis

28、肾盂积水hydrophobia狂犬病（恐水病）hydrophthalmos水眼，眼积水hydrops积水，水肿hygienist卫生学家hygroma水囊瘤hypasthenia轻度衰弱hyperacidity酸过多，胃酸过多hyperadrenalism肾上腺机能亢进hyperadrenocorticism肾上腺皮质机能亢进hyperalgesia痛觉过敏hyperbilirubinemia血胆红素过多，高胆红素血（症）hypercapnia（血内）碳酸过多，高碳酸血（症）hypercholesterolemia血胆甾醇过多，血胆固醇过多hyperemia充血hyperesthesia感觉过

29、敏hyperglycemia血糖过多（症），高血糖hyperhidrosis多汗（症）hyperkalemia血钾过多，高钾血（症）hyperlipemia血脂过多，高脂血（症）hypermenorrhoea月经过多hypernatremia血钠过多，高钠血（症）hypernephroma肾上腺样瘤hyperopia远视hyperparathyroidism甲状旁腺机能亢进hyperproteinemia血蛋白过多hyperpyrexia高热hypersensitivity过敏（性）hypersplenism脾机能亢进hypertension高血压；张力过强，压力过高hyperthyroidi

30、sm甲状腺机能亢进hypertrophy肥大hyperuricemia血内尿酸过多，高尿酸血（症）hypocalcemia 血钙过少，低钙血（症）hypoesthesia感觉减退hypoglycemia血糖过少，低血糖hypohidrosis少汗（症）hypokalemia血钾过少，低钾血（症）hypolipoproteinemia血脂蛋白过少，低脂蛋白血（症）hypomenorrhoea月经过少hyponatremia血钠过少，低钠血（症）hypoparathyroidism甲状旁腺机能减退hypopituitarism垂体机能减退hypoproteinemia血蛋白过少，低蛋白血（症）hy

31、potension低血压；张力减退hypothermia低温，降温hypothyroidism甲状腺机能减退hypoxemia血氧过少，低氧血症hypoxia氧过少，氧不足，低氧症hysteralgia子宫痛hysterectomy子宫切除术hysteria癔病，歇斯底里hysteromyoma子宫肌瘤hysteroptosis子宫下垂hysteroscopy子宫镜检查hysterotomy子宫切开术TopI ichthyosis（鱼）鳞癣ileitis回肠炎ileum回肠ileus肠梗阻ilium骼骨illusion错觉immunity免疫（性）immunization免疫法，免疫（作用）i

32、mmunology免疫学impetigo脓疱病impotence (erectile dysfunction)阳痿incision切口；切开incontinence失禁，无节制 of urine尿失禁infarction梗塞形成，梗死形成；梗塞，梗死infection传染，感染infertility不生育，不育症inflammation炎症influenza流行性感冒（简名流感）ingestion咽下，摄食insomnia失眠iridocyclitis虹膜睫状体炎iris虹膜irrigation冲洗（法）irritability应激性，兴奋性Irritable Bowel Syndrome (

33、IBS)应激性肠综合症irritant刺激剂，刺激物；刺激的irritation刺激，兴奋ischemia局部缺血ischidrosis汗闭isosthenuria等渗尿，等张尿itch痒，痒病；疥疮TopJ jaundice黄疸 , haemolytic溶血性黄疸 , haemorrhagic出血性黄疸 , infectious传染性黄疸 , obstructive阻塞性黄疸jejunectomy空肠切除术jejunum空肠joint关节 , ankle踝关节 , elbow肘关节 , hip髋关节 , knee膝关节 , mandibular下颌关节joints关节, metacarpoh

34、alangeal掌指关节, metatarsophalangeal跖趾关节, phalangeal指（趾）关节, sacro-iliac骶骼关节, shoulder肩关节, wrist腕关节juice汁，液 , duodenal十二指肠液 , gastric胃液 , intestinal肠液 , pancreatic胰液TopK keloid瘢痕瘤，瘢痕疙瘩keloidectomy瘢痕瘤切除术keratectomy角膜切除术keratitis角膜炎keratodermia皮肤角化病keratoplasty角膜成形术，角膜移植术keratoscope角膜镜keratoscopy角膜镜检查，角膜散

35、光盘检查keratosis角化病ketonemia铜血（症）ketonuria铜尿（症）ketosis铜病kidney肾knee膝knee-cap髌骨knock-knee膝外翻TopL labyrinthitis迷路炎（内耳炎）lactation哺乳，授乳；泌乳laparoscopy腹腔镜检查laparotomy剖腹术laryngitis喉炎laryngopharyngitis咽喉炎laryngospasm喉痉挛laxative轻泻的；轻泻药leiomyoma平滑肌瘤leioyosarcoma平滑肌肉瘤lentigo雀斑；着色斑；小痣lesion损害lethargy昏睡，嗜眠leukemia白

36、血病leukocytosis白细胞增多leukoderma白斑病leukopenia白细胞减少leukorrhagia白带过多leukorrhoea白带lienitis脾炎lientery消化不良性腹泻ligation结扎，（结）扎法lipemia脂血lipoma脂（肪）瘤lipomatosis脂肪过多症；脂瘤病lipoprotein脂蛋白lipuria脂肪尿lithemia尿酸（盐）血症lithiasis结石（病）lithuria尿酸（盐）尿littritis尿道腺炎lochia恶露lochiorrhoea恶露过多lockjaw牙关紧闭；破伤风loss损失 , blood失血，出血 of a

37、ppetite厌食，食欲不振 of hearing听力丧失 of voice失音 of weight体重减轻lumbago腰痛lump块，肿块luteoma黄体瘤lymphadenoma淋巴（组织）瘤lymphadenosis淋巴（组）织增生lymphangioma淋巴管瘤lymphangitis淋巴管炎lymphedema淋巴水肿lymphocyte淋巴细胞，淋巴球lymphocytopenia淋巴细胞减少lymphocytosis淋巴细胞增多lympho-epithelioma淋巴上皮瘤癌lymphogranuloma淋巴肉芽肿lymphoma淋巴（组织）瘤lymphorrhoea淋巴溢l

38、ymphosarcoma淋巴肉瘤TopM malabsorption（养料）吸收障碍malacia软化maladjustment适应不良malaise不适，欠爽malaria疟（疾）malformation畸形，变形malnutrition营养不良mamillitis乳头炎mammography乳房X线照相术mania躁狂，狂massotherapy按摩疗法mastatrophy乳腺萎缩mastectomy乳房切除术mastitis乳腺炎，乳房炎mastodynia乳房痛mastoidectomy乳突切除术mastoiditis乳突炎megalomania夸大狂，自大狂melanchoria忧

39、郁症 , climacteric 更年期忧郁症melanin黑（色）素melanoma黑（素）瘤melanosarcoma黑肉瘤，黑素肉瘤melanosis黑变病，黑素沉着病melena黑粪melenemesis黑色呕吐menarche（月）经初期meningioma脑（脊）膜瘤meningism假性脑膜炎meningitis脑（脊）膜炎meningoencephalitis脑脑膜炎meningomyelitis脊髓脊膜炎menopause经绝期，绝经menorrhagia月经过多meralgia股痛mesothelioma间皮瘤metabolism（新陈）代谢metaphysitis（骨）骺

40、端炎metastasis转移，迁徙metroptosis子宫下垂，子宫脱垂metrorrhagia子宫出血，血崩micturition排尿（俗名撒尿，小便）, frequent排尿频繁，尿频migraine偏头痛miliaria粟疹，痱子，汗疹miscarriage晚期流产（尤指妊娠四至六个月内的流产）mobility可动性，移动性mold霉monoparesis单（肢）轻瘫monoplegia单瘫MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)磁共振成象mucilage胶浆，胶水mucocele粘液囊肿mucositis粘膜炎mucoviscidosis（胰管）粘稠物阻塞，胰

41、纤维性囊肿病mucus粘液multiple sclerosis (disseminated sclerosis)多发性硬化mumps流行性腮腺炎mutism哑症；缄默症myalgia肌痛myasthenia肌无力mycosis真菌病，霉菌病myelitis脊髓炎myelocele脊髓突出myeloma骨髓瘤，髓瘤myeloradiculitis脊髓神经根炎myelosarcoma脊髓肉瘤myelosis骨髓组织增生myocarditis心肌炎myocardosis心肌病myodystrophia肌营养不良myokymia肌纤维颤搐myoma肌瘤myometritis子宫肌（层）炎myometrium子宫肌层myopia近视myorrhexis肌断裂myositis肌炎m