2019-2020同步译林英语选修八新突破讲义：Unit 2 Section Ⅱ　Language Points （Ⅰ） （Welcome to the unit & Reading） .doc

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1、Section Language Points ()(Welcome to the unit & Reading).单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1She dared (敢于) not breathe a word of it to anybody at that time.2I hope we can finish this before the deadline (最后期限)3He is as stubborn (顽固的) as a donkey，and he cant change his mind.4Then came the disturbing (令人不安的) news

2、 that the newly born baby was seriously ill.5The performance given at the Golden Hall of Vienna yesterday was awesome (令人惊叹的) and moving.6This piece of string is too short to pack up the luggage，and let me join another piece on to it.7Spring is drawing near because I see the flowers in my backyard d

3、isclose their colors with a butterfly flying on them.8We should seize any opportunity to improve our oral English when possible.9He works from dawn till dark without having a rest.10He demanded that John (should) go there at once.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1universe n宇宙，世界universal adj.共同的，普遍的，全体的，全世界的2wil

4、ling adj.情愿的，愿意的unwilling adj.不情愿，不愿意；勉强的，无奈的unwillingly adv.不情愿地unwillingness n不情愿3disturb v搅乱，弄乱；干扰disturbing adj.令人不安的；引起恐慌的disturbed adj.困扰的disturbance n搅乱；弄乱；打扰；干扰4demand vt.强烈要求；需要 n要求；需求demanding adj.要求高的；苛求的5evident adj.清楚的，显然的evidently adv.明显地，显然地evidence n证据；证词6mercy n仁慈；宽恕；宽容merciful adj.

5、仁慈的，慈悲的，宽大为怀的mercifully adv.仁慈地；宽恕地；宽容地n.aladj.v.ingadj.agricultural adj.农业的central adj.中心的，中央的；主要的fundamental adj.基本的，主要的amazing adj.令人惊异的boring adj.乏味的，无聊的challenging adj.具有挑战性的.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1be condemned to sth./to do sth.被处以某种刑罚/被迫使做某事；被判罚做某事2ask for sb.s hand in marriage(向女方)求婚3fall in love相爱，

6、坠入爱河4at first sight初次见面；乍一看5take on呈现，体现；承担；接受；雇用6depend on依靠，依赖7break ones promise食言，违背诺言8be unwilling to do sth.不愿意做某事.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1At first sight，there is nothing special about the watch，but in fact it is a mobile phone.2My husband tells me now that it was the letter I wrote to him 10 years

7、ago that made him fall in love with me3He was the sort of person you could depend on4The company has just taken on a new secretary.5He was condemned to be shot after the trial.take prep.动词短语v.onesn.动词短语take after 与相像take for 认为，以为；误认为take to 开始；对产生好感keep ones word 守信用，遵守诺言lose ones breath 喘不过气来，呼吸困难

8、lose ones balance 失去平衡；心慌意乱背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden Citythere could not be a more awesome setting！想象一下，在紫禁城上演这样一出歌剧吧再也不可能有比这更令人叹为观止的场景了！“否定词比较级”结构，表达最高级含义。As a consequence，he says，there could not be better time to go into advertising.因此，他说，这是进入广告行业的绝佳时机

9、。2.However，although he would like to，he cannot break his promise and must allow Turandot to do as she wishes.但是，虽然他很想收回这一允诺，但又不能食言，只能让图兰朵按照自己的意愿行事。as“按照”，引导的方式状语从句。When in Rome，do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。3.Unfortunately，Puccini died of a heart attack before he completed this final scene.不幸的是，普契尼还没有完成这

10、最后一幕就因心脏病突发去世了before引导的时间状语从句。When I asked him about this，he began to answer before I finished the question.当我问他这个问题时，他没等到我问完便开始回答了。4.The emperor finds the death disturbing.皇上对这种杀戮焦虑不安。“find宾语宾补”结构。When he came to himself，he found himself surrounded by a group of boys.当他醒来时，他发现自己被一群男孩子围着。 cast vt.&

11、vi.选派角色；投射(光、影)；向投以(视线、笑容)(教材P18)Some of the worlds greatest opera singers were cast in this production，and many great Chinese musicians also participated.几位世界级歌剧演唱家在演出中担任主演，而且许多杰出的中国音乐家也参与进来。cast sb.as./cast sb.for the part of.选派某人演角色cast about/around for.苦苦思索；四处寻找cast aside抛弃；丢弃cast away漂流cast dow

12、n沮丧；不愉快He was much cast down when he heard of his failure at the examination.他听到他考试不及格时，心情极为沮丧。If you were cast away on a deserted island，what would you miss most?如果你漂流到荒岛上，你最想念的是什么？He has cast her as an ambition lawyer in his latest movie.他已经选定她在他最新的影片中扮演一个雄心勃勃的律师。The police cast about for fresh ev

13、idence.警方到处寻找新的证据。 condemn vt.判刑，宣判；指责，谴责(教材P18)Those who cannot answer all three riddles，however，will be condemned to death.但是猜不出全部三道谜语的人将处以死刑。condemn sb./sth.as.指责某人/某事为condemn sb.for (doing) sth.因为(做了)某事而谴责某人condemn sb.to do sth.判罚某人做某事condemn sb.to sth.判处某人某种刑罚be condemned to do sth.被迫做某事We cond

14、emned him for his bad behavior，but he thought nothing of it.我们因为他行为不良而责备他，但他却不以为然。The judge condemned the criminal to death for a case of murder.因一桩凶杀案法官判那名罪犯死刑。The judge condemned the drunk driver to stay(stay) in prison for six months.法官判这个酒驾司机六个月拘役。The law has been condemned as an attack on perso

15、nal liberty.这项法律被指责为对人身自由的侵犯。 dare vt.& vi.& aux.敢于，胆敢(教材P18)This means that few men would dare to ask for her hand in marriage.这意味着几乎没人胆敢向她求婚。dare to do sth.敢于做某事dare sb.to do sth.激某人做某事，谅某人无胆量做某事I dare say我想；很可能；大概Dont worry.I dare say he will come.不要担心。我想他会来的。We know that he wont dare (to) break

16、his promise.我们知道他不敢食言。He dared me to jump(jump) from the bridge into the river.他激我，说我不敢从桥上跳到河里去。I didnt know whether he dared (dare) say that to him.我不知道他是否敢对他说那些。名师点津dare用作实义动词时，在否定句或疑问句中，其后的不定式符号to可以省略。dare用作情态助动词时，其一般现在时没有词形变化，过去式为dared。 take on穿上；承担；呈现(某种特征、外观等)；雇用(教材P18)The story then takes on

17、a classic love triangle between Calaf，Turandot and Liu.故事随后演绎了发生在卡拉夫、图兰朵和柳儿之间的经典三角恋情。写出下列句中take on的含义The criminals face took on a fierce expression.呈现She took on too much work and made herself ill.承担The millionaire will take on another babysitter.雇用take off脱(衣服、鞋帽)；(飞机)起飞；(事业)起步，腾飞take in吸引；欺骗；包括；理解

18、take over接收；接管take up占据；继续；拿起；从事take down拆除；取下；写下，记下I heard that the club took in a new member last week.我听说俱乐部上星期又招收了一名新会员。The firm has been taken over by an American company.这家公司已经被一家美国公司接管了。Dont take on/up more work than you can do.不要从事超过你所能负荷的工作量。 unwilling adj.不情愿，不愿意；勉强的，无奈的(教材P19)Turandot bec

19、omes very angry at this turn of events，as she is unwilling to get married.图兰朵对事态的变化很生气，因为她不愿意结婚。be unwilling to do sth.不愿意做某事be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事；乐意做某事(2019全国卷)The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule，sends out emails，and collects money for endofseason gifts.这位不情愿的家长安排用餐时间，发送电子邮件并且为购买

20、赛季末礼物而筹款。Im unwilling to sing with her，because she isnt in tune with me.我不愿意和她唱歌，因为她和我关系不融洽。We are willing to establish(establish) business relations with you.我们愿与贵公司建立业务关系。名师点津常见un前缀形容词还有：happyunhappy不高兴的importantunimportant不重要的acceptableunacceptable不可接受的attractiveunattractive无吸引力的availableunavaila

21、ble得不到的 (教材P19)Calafs father and Liu have been seen accompanying Calaf，so Turandot seizes Calafs father and Liu，and demands that they tell her Calafs name or they will be beaten.有人曾看见卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿陪着卡拉夫，因此图兰朵把卡拉夫的父亲和柳儿抓了起来，命令他们说出卡拉夫的名字，否则就要拷打他们。(1)seize vt.逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住；夺取，攻占；理解，明白写出下列句中seize的含义I hope that

22、 everyone can enjoy yourself and seize this opportunity to learn something useful from this contest.抓住 I cant quite seize your meaning.理解，明白 The following day the enemy seized the Parliament building.夺取，攻占 seize the chance/ opportunity of.抓住的机会图形助记(2)demand vt.强烈要求；需要 n要求；需求(1)demand sth.of sb.向某人要求

23、某事demand to do sth. 要求/需要做某事(2)meet/satisfy ones demand 满足的需要；符合的要求demand for sth. 对的需求in demand 需求Theres an increased demand for organic produce these days.目前市场对有机农产品有更大的需求。Soft drinks are in great demand in this season.这个季节，软饮料需求量很大。The manager demanded that the workers (should) work (work) extra

24、hours to complete the task ahead of time.经理要求工人加班，以提前完成任务。She demanded to see (see) the headmaster to learn about the truth.她请求见校长以了解真相。名师点津demand后通常不接双宾语。demand后的名词性从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should)动词原形”。 (教材P19)When it becomes evident what happened，Calaf scolds Turandot for not being more merciful.当真相大白后，卡拉夫

25、斥责图兰朵毫无慈悲心。(1)evident adj.清楚的，显然的(1)It is evident that.很显然(2)evidently adv. 明显地，显而易见地(3)evidence n. 证据，证明It is evident that practice is important for everybody.显然，练习对每个人来讲都很重要。Yet there is evidence (evident) suggesting that the trend is growing.但有证据表明，这种趋势正在增长。(2)scold vt.训斥，责骂scold sb.for (doing) s

26、th.斥责某人(做了)某事His father scolded him for his bad behaviour at the party.他父亲因他在晚会上表现不好而训斥了他。Her father scolded her for upsetting(upset) her mother.她因惹母亲生气而被父亲斥责。名师点津表达“因而责备/指责”的其他短语：blame sb./sth.(for sth.)blame sth.on sb./sth.charge sb.with (doing) sth.accuse sb.of (doing) sth. (教材P18)Just imagine pe

27、rforming such an opera in the Forbidden Citythere could not be a more awesome setting!想象一下在紫禁城上演这样一出歌剧吧再也不可能有比这更令人叹为观止的场景了！【要点提炼】 句中there could not be a more awesome setting是用比较级形式表达最高级含义，属于“否定词比较级”结构。(1)not，no，never等否定词与比较级连用，表示最高级含义，意为“再没有比更的了”。(2)比较级表达最高级含义的句型还有：比较级thanneversuch/so形容词原级名词Frankly

28、speaking，there is not a better plan.坦白地说，再没有更好的计划了。Nothing is happier than having a cold drink in a hot day.没什么比在大热天喝杯凉爽的饮料更快乐的事了。John is cleverer than any other student in his class.John is cleverer than all the other students in his class.John is cleverer than anyone else in his class.John is clev

29、erer than any of the other students in his class.John is cleverer than the rest of students in his class.约翰比他班里其他同学都要聪明。I have never heard such an interesting story/so interesting an story.我从来没有听过比这更有趣的故事。 (教材P18)The emperor finds the death disturbing皇上对这种杀戮焦虑不安。【要点提炼】 句中finds the death disturbing属于

30、“find宾语宾补”的结构。find宾语宾补I hope to find you in better spirits when we meet again.希望我们再见面时你的情绪会更好。After entering the business world，the author found his fathers fishing advice inspiring.进入商界后，笔者发现他父亲关于钓鱼的建议很有启发性。At that time，I found him crying(cry) in the street.在那时，我发现他正在大街上哭。He found it easy to earn e

31、xtra money.他发现赚点额外收入是容易的。名师点津此结构中，若宾语为不定式或从句，常用it作形式宾语，结构如下：finditadj.1(教材P18)However，although he would like to，he cannot break his promise and must allow Turandot to do as she wishes.【分析】句中although引导让步状语从句；第一个to后面省略了break his promise；as she wishes为方式状语从句。【翻译】但是，虽然他很想收回这一允诺，但又不能食言，只能让图兰朵按照自己的意愿行事。2(

32、教材P19)Seeing this，Calaf says that if she can guess his name by sunrise，she will not have to marry him，but can have him killed.【分析】句中Seeing this为现在分词作时间状语；that引导宾语从句，其中if引导条件状语从句。【翻译】见此，卡拉夫说如果她能在太阳升起之前猜出他的名字，她不仅可以不嫁给他，还可以杀了他。.单句语法填空1Jiuzhaigou is very beautiful and I fall in love with it.2Not to dist

33、urb(disturb) others in the reading room，Jack walked in on tiptoes.3The head teacher scolded(scold) the boy for what he had done in the class.4Just go to the shop，show them the dress，and demand they (should) pay (pay) the damage.5He doesnt dare (to) tell (tell) her the bad news.6The boy was so tired

34、that he fell asleep before his mother could take off his clothes.7His occupation condemned him to spend(spend) long periods of time away from his family.8In the film she was cast as a hardworking upright middleaged woman.9At first sight，the house seems old，but in fact its quite new.10Boris has brain

35、s.In fact，I believe he has a higher(high) IQ than anyone else in the class.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1For most of the day he can still be found work somewhere in the plant.workworking2How beautifully she sings! Ive never heard a good voice.goodbetter3You demand too much on him; he is not really equal to the ta

36、sk.onof4Although Oriental ideas of womans subordination to man prevailed in those days，she didnt dared meet with men on an equal basis.dareddare5The following program contains scenes that may be disturbed to some viewers.disturbed disturbing.完成句子1他要求将一切都告诉他。He demands that he(should)be told everything2她不愿意承认自己错了。She is unwilling to admit that she was wrong.3当她醒来时，发现自己正躺在医院里。When she woke up，she found herself lying in hospital.4这消息最令我高兴。Theres no more delightful news to me.5任何要使历史倒退的企图都是注定要失败的。Any attempt to set back the wheel of history is condemned to failure