2019-2020同步译林英语选修六新突破讲义：Unit 4　Section Ⅱ　Language points（Ⅰ）（Welcome to the unit & Reading） .doc

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1、Section Language points()(Welcome to the unit & Reading).单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。1Owing to lacking (缺少) experience，he did not do the job well.2Would you give me a general description (描写) of your present job?3The accident victims (受害者) have been taken into intensive care.4. Many young workers gave up

2、their days off to do voluntary (志愿的) labour.5He has made an important contribution (贡献) to the companys success.6They have acquired many skills in these few years.7China exports many raw materials to foreign countries every year.8Youd better spend your time on some worthwhile reading.9I am afraid yo

3、u have not realized how urgent the matter is.10All over the world many people still suffer from starvation.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词。1politics n政治 political adj. 政治的；政府的2describe vt.描述 description n描写(文字)，形容，说明3contribute v捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致contribution n贡献；捐赠4urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的urgency n紧急；迫切5starve v(使)挨

4、饿 starvation n饥饿；挨饿；饿死v.ationn.admiration n钦佩；赞赏expectation n期望；盼望preparation n准备；预备.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语。1take on担当(某一角色)2under the umbrella of 在的保护下3refer to 谈到，提到；与相关， 涉及；查阅，参考4feel honoured 感到荣幸5in addition 除以外(还)，此外6add.to. 把加到7look up 查阅；抬头看8draw ones attention to 引起某人的注意；使某人觉察到9be available to 可被利用

5、或得到的10set up 建立；成立.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空。1Some insects take on the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.2There are many shops around the railway station.In addition，there are some newlybuilt hotels there.3This paragraph refers to the events of last year.4The Congress set up a special commi

6、ttee to investigate the matter.5He drew my attention to a point I had overlooked.takeadv.动词短语setadv.动词短语take out 带出去take up 开始从事take back 收回set off 出发；动身set down 放下set apart 使分开1This land was difficult to farm but now water has been pumped into the fields.过去这块地难以耕种，但现在水已经被抽进了地里。记句式结构此处为“主语beadj.不定式”

7、结构，其中不定式作状语。仿写促落实His handwriting is difficult to make out他的笔迹很难辨认。2I feel very honoured to have been able to take on this role.能够担当这个角色，我感到很荣幸。记句式结构句中的to have been.是不定式短语作原因状语。仿写促落实She was pleased to have overcome the difficulty她很高兴已经克服了这个困难。3Neither did I.我也不知道。记句式结构“neither/nor助动词/情态动词/be动词主语”结构表示

8、前面所述否定情况也适用于后者。仿写促落实If you dont go to see the movie，neither will I如果你不去看电影，我也不去。4Being a Goodwill Ambassador means that I visit countries where the UN operates programmes to help people.作为一名亲善大使意味着我要访问联合国实施扶助项目的国家。记句式结构ing短语作主语，谓语动词为单数。仿写促落实Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.他们来帮忙对

9、我们来说是很大的鼓舞。 lack n&vt.缺乏(教材P49)When there is a lack of food，there is hunger.哪里缺乏粮食，哪里就有饥荒。(1)(a)lack of缺少，不足；没有(2)lack sth. 缺少某物lack for 缺少；需要(3)lacking adj. 缺乏的，不足的be lacking in 缺乏，不足(2019全国卷阅读七选五)This is what motivation or the lack of it can do.这种情况就是动力或动力的缺乏所导致的。The plant died for lack of water.这

10、株植物因缺水而枯死了。Vital information is lacking in the report.报告中缺少至关重要的信息。 refer to谈及；提到；与相关；涉及；查阅；参考(教材P50)I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations，or the UN，as it is more often referred to.我很高兴今天有机会跟大家谈谈联合国，联合国也叫UN这个名称更常用。写出下列句中refer to的含义We can refer to an encyclope

11、dia (百科全书)for information about this subject.查阅，参考Dont refer to this matter again，please.提到The new law does not refer to land used for farming.涉及What he said at the meeting doesnt refer to you.指的是(1)refer.to.把提交给；向请教refer to.as. 把称作(2)reference n. 谈到，提及；参考in/with reference to 关于I dont want to refer

12、this patient to an irresponsible doctor.我不想把这个病人交给一个不负责任的医生。This book refers to Asian problems.这本书涉及亚洲的问题。Smoking is usually referred to as a bad habit.抽烟通常被认为是坏习惯。名师点津短语refer to中的to为介词，后接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语。refer to表示“查阅，参考”时，相当于consult，其宾语为词典、书籍等名词，而look up表示“参考，查阅”时的宾语是查阅的内容。 honour v使感到荣耀，给荣誉，尊敬n敬意，荣誉

13、(教材P50)I feel very honoured to have been able to take on this role.能够担当这个角色，我感到很荣幸。(1)be/feel honoured to do做感到荣幸(2)honour n. 荣幸；尊敬do sb.honourdo honour to sb. 对某人表示敬意；成为的荣誉do sb.the honour of doing给予某人的荣幸； 做而给予某人面子have the honour of doing/to do 有做的荣幸in honour of 为了表示对的敬意，为纪念its an honour to do sth.

14、 很荣幸做某事Theres a party tonight in honour of our new president.今晚有个庆祝新总统就任的聚会。We would be honoured if you would visit us.Would you honour us by visiting us?承蒙光临寒舍，不胜荣幸。It is a great honour to receive (receive) that prize.能得到那个奖是无上的荣耀。 description n描写(文字)，形容，说明(教材P50)First I should give you a short des

15、cription of the UN.首先我向你们简单介绍一下联合国的情况。(1)give a description of形容；描述beyond description 无法形容；难以描述(2)describe vt. 描述describe.as. 把描述成；把说成We asked her to describe what kind of things she did in her spare time.我们请她描述一下她业余时间都在做什么。He gave me a good description of what he had seen in Japan after the big ear

16、thquake.他把他看到的日本大地震后的一切向我做了充分的描述。The scenery of the West Lake is beautiful beyond description.西湖风景美得难以形容。 equal adj.平等的；同等的n.同等的人；相等物 vt.与相同或相等(教材P50)In addition，the UN helps protect human rights and works to improve international laws，for example，those on child labour and on equal rights for minori

17、ties and women.此外，联合国还协助保护人权，致力于改进各种国际法律，如有关童工和保护少数民族、妇女享有平等权利的法律。(1)be equal to等于；胜任be equal in 在方面相同；相等equal rights 平等的权利(2)without equal 无与伦比(3)A equal(s)B A与B相等；比得上(4)equally adv. 同样地，平等地He is a player without equal.他是个无与伦比的运动员。We dont think he is equal to his new job.我们认为他无法胜任他的新工作。She treats t

18、he people who work for her as her equals (equal)她把为她工作的人作为她的同等的人来对待。We should be treated equally(equal)我们应该受到同等的对待。 draw(sb.s)attention to使(某人)察觉到(教材P51)In addition，my visits will encourage people working on the projects and draw local peoples attention to the situation.此外，我的访问还会鼓励那些致力于联合国项目的人，吸引当地人

19、对有关状况的关注。catch/attract sb.s attention吸引某人的注意力bring sth.to sb.s attention 使某人关注某事turn sb. s attention to 把某人的注意力转向pay attention to 注意The news shocked the public，attracting peoples attention to students safety at school.这个消息震惊了公众，吸引了人们对学生在校安全的关注。Our teachers always pay attention to combining (combine)

20、 theory with practice.我们的老师们经常注重理论联系实际。 contribute vt.&vi.捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致(教材P51)They collect approximately 1.35 yuan per day from each member and add it to some money contributed by the government.她们每天从每个成员那里募集大约1.35元，将这些钱和政府资助给她们的一些钱加在一起。(1)contribute.to.把贡献给contribute to 有助于，促成，是的成因之一(2)contribu

21、tion n. C贡献；捐款make a contribution/contributions to 对做出贡献；为捐献It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum of money to the Red Cross.她很大方，向红十字会捐助了这么大一笔钱。Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness.诚实加苦干有助于获得成功和幸福。He made a very positive contribution (contribute) to the overall s

22、uccess of the project.他对项目的全面成功做出了非常积极的贡献。图形助记contribute用法多捐款，贡献导致，促成投稿Kindhearted people contributed money to the poor kid，which contributed to his returning to school.A writer wrote an article about this and contributed it to a magazine.好心人为这个贫穷的孩子捐钱，这使得他能够重返校园，一位作家为此写了一篇文章，并向某一杂志投了稿。 acquire vt.购

23、得；获得，得到(教材P51)With this，the women have enough money to acquire materials to make baskets.这样，这些妇女就凑够了钱去购买做篮子的材料。acquire sth.学到；获得acquire a taste for sth. 开始喜欢acquire a knowledge of 学会acquire a habit of 养成的习惯We must work hard to acquire a good knowledge of English.我们必须努力以便学好英语。How long does it take to

24、 acquire (acquire) a habit?养成一种习惯需要多长时间？ expand vi.&vt.扩展，发展(业务)；扩大，增强(教材P51)With luck their group will be able to expand and maybe set up a shop.运气好的话，她们的团体会进一步扩大，或许还能开一个店铺。expand into/to使扩大，变大，将扩展(充)成expand on/upon 详述；详细阐明He expanded his short story into a book.他把他的短篇小说扩充成了一本书。The manager asked yo

25、u to expand on/upon your opinion.经理让你详述你的看法。 worthwhile adj.重要的；令人愉快的；值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)(教材P51)There are lots of worthwhile programmes like this under the umbrella of the UN that have helped millions of people across the world.在联合国的管理体系中还有很多此类的重要的项目，它们已经为全世界数以百万计的人提供了帮助。It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.

26、做是值得的High prices in the UK make it worthwhile for buyers to look abroad.英国的高价足以使买主把视线转向国外。Its worthwhile to visit/visiting (visit) the Great Wall.长城很值得游览。明辨异同worthwhile/worthy/worthworthwhile在句中可作表语、定语和定语补足语。常用句式：It is worthwhileto do/doing sth.主语动词itworthwhiledoing/to do sth.worthy在句中可作表语和宾语。常用句式：b

27、e worthy ofn./being donebe worthyto be doneworth在句中只作表语。常用句式：be worth钱数/名词be(well)worthdoing sth.worthwhile/worthy/worthWhatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.It is worthwhile asking him to join the club.In my opinion，the film is worthy of being seen. (教材P50)I am very happy to have been

28、chosen to be a Goodwill Ambassador for them.我很高兴被选为联合国亲善大使。要点提炼句中“to have been chosen”是动词不定式的完成时的被动式，表示被动和完成。如果动词不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式表示的动作的承受者而非发出者，就要用动词不定式的被动形式。动词不定式一般式的被动时由“to be动词的过去分词”构成，动词不定式的完成时的被动式由“to have been动词的过去分词”构成。It is crazy of him to have done such a thing.他干了这样一件事真是疯狂。He asked to be sent

29、(send) to work in a middle school.他要求被派到一所中学工作。He is said to have been admitted(admit)to Peking University.据说他已经被北京大学录取了。 (教材P53)Neither did I我也不(知道)。要点提炼此句属于“neither/norbe动词/助动词/情态动词另一主语”句型，意为“也不”。I didnt go there and neither/nor did Mary.我没去那儿，玛丽也没去。My father has never been to Britain and nor has

30、my mother.我爸爸从没有去过英国，我妈妈也没去过。(1)“sobe动词/助动词/情态动词另一主语”这一倒装结构说明前面所述的情况也适合于另一人或物，意为“也一样”。(2)“so同一主语be动词/助动词/情态动词”表示对前面所说的情况进一步肯定或确认，意思是“确实如此，正是那样”。(3)So it is with.It is the same with.意为“也一样”，上文中含有不同的谓语或既有肯定也有否定的内容。The boy failed to pass the exam.So did his sister.那个男孩没有通过考试。他妹妹也是。It was careless of yo

31、u to do that.你那样做很粗心。So I was的确如此。He is a student and studies in No.1 Middle School.So it is with Mary他是一名学生，在一中学习。玛丽也是。1(教材P50)Being a Goodwill Ambassador means that I visit countries where the UN operates programmes to help people.分析句中主语是动名词短语being a Goodwill Ambassador，谓语是means，that引导宾语从句，且该从句中含有

32、where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词countries。翻译作为一名亲善大使意味着我要访问联合国实施扶助项目的国家。2(教材P51)My job with the UN is not paid but voluntary，and as I said before，I visit countries where the UN has programmes to help people.分析句中and作并列连词，连接两个并列分句：第一分句为简单句My job with.voluntary；第二分句为复合句，as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整句话的内容，主句为I visit countries.，

33、其中又含有where引导的限制性定语从句。翻译我参与做的联合国的工作不是有偿的，而是志愿的，正如我前面所说的那样，我要访问联合国实施扶助项目的国家。.单句语法填空1My feeling at that moment was beyond description (describe)2Two men volunteered to search (search) for the missing climber.3No delay! We urgently (urgent)need these books.4Armed with the information you have gathered，y

34、ou can set about preparing your business plan.5Is your uncle still working here?Im afraid not.He is said to have left (leave) the company already.6When I mentioned the problem，I wasnt referring to all of you.7The teacher asked if there was someone who was voluntary (volunteer)to help these who were

35、in poverty.8Anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver，should be equally (equal) respected.9It is said that this work is under the umbrella of the National Research Center.10He has made an important contribution (contribute) to the companys success.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1No one equals him to strength

36、.toin2. In addition French，he can also speak English.French前加to3Be sure to pay attention to protect the environment and think of others while travelling.protectprotecting4Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and lack of exercise.lack前加a5I dont think he is equal to do this kin

37、d of work，so I cant hire him.dodoing或去掉do.完成句子1Tom不相信她说的每句话，警方也不相信。Tom didnt believe a word she said，and neither did the police(neither)2这套公寓住起来很舒适。The flat is comfortable to live in(comfortable)3人的能力并不都是一样的。Not all men are equal in ability(equal)4我尽量不让他们察觉到我论证中的弱点。I tried not to draw their attention to the weak points in my argument.(draw)5帮助了你我十分高兴。I am only too glad to have helped you(help)