2019-2020同步译林英语选修十新突破讲义：Unit 2 Section Ⅲ　Word power & Grammar and usage .doc

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1、Section Word power & Grammar and usage1other than 除了，除以外(教材P22)She realized that there are reasons for moving within a country other than those mentioned in the magazine article.她认为除了杂志文章中提到的一些原因以外，还有其他的一些搬迁原因。I dont know any French people other than you.除了你，我不认识别的法国人。Were going away in June but oth

2、er than that well be here all summer.我们打算六月份外出，除此以外，我们整个夏天都在这里。none other than不是别人，而是rather than 而不是more than 多于；超过or rather 更确切地说She is none other than my teacher.她正是我的老师。Tom chose to quit rather than admit that hed made a mistake.汤姆没有承认自己犯了错误而是选择了退出。There is nobody here other than me.除了我以外这里没有别人。名

3、师点津other than常与否定词连用，相当于but或except。完成句子我借了几本书，但都不是小说。I borrowed some books novels.除了报纸，我没时间读别的。I dont have time to read anything the newspaper.除了游过去之外你无法到达那里。You cant go there by swimming.【答案】other thanother thanother than2rely vt.依靠；信赖；指望(经常与介词on与upon搭配)(教材P22)As more and more countries begin to re

4、ly on industry rather than agriculture for the majority of their national profit，their cities become industrialized.随着越来越多的国家开始主要依靠工业而不是农业来为国家大面积创收，这些国家的城市变成了工业化城市。Dont always rely on the weather report.别总相信天气预报。George is a boy who can be relied upon.乔治是个可以信赖的男孩。rely on sth./sb.相信某事；依靠/信赖某人rely on s

5、b.to do sth. 指望某人做某事rely on/upon sb. doing sth. 相信/指望某人会做某事rely on it that. 相信/指望We must rely on/upon our own efforts to succeed.我们必须依靠自己的努力获得成功。The old man relied on his son to tell him the truth，but he realized he was wrong at last.那个老人指望儿子告诉他实情，但他最终意识到自己错了。You may rely on it that Linda will finis

6、h the task on time.你可以放心，琳达会准时把任务完成的。完成句子The success of this project (有赖于诸位一起努力)As some of these actors could not sing well enough，they had to (依靠别的乐手来帮助他们)【答案】relies on everyone making an effortrely on other musicians to help them3similarity n相似；类似；相像处(教材P22)Therefore，the rural areas gradually come

7、 to have more and more similarities to the industrialized，urban areas.因此，农村地区逐渐地与工业化的城镇地区有越来越多的相似之处。The report highlights the similarity between the two groups.这份报告强调两组之间的相似性。She bears a striking similarity to her mother.她跟她母亲十分相似。(1)have a similarity to sb./sth.和有相似之处there be/have a similarity betw

8、een A and B 在A和B之间有相似的地方(2)similar adj. 相似的；类似的be similar in sth. 在(某一方面)相似be similar to sb./sth. 和某人/某物相似(3)similarly adv.(in a similar way) 相似地；类似地Gold is similar in color to brass.金子在颜色上与铜相似。This country has some similarities to that country.这个国家和那个国家有一些相似之处。完成句子My teaching style (与相似)that of mos

9、t other teachers.The police say there are (这宗谋杀案同相似)that happened last year.【答案】is similar tosome similarities between this murder and the one4percentage n百分比；百分率(教材P22)As this happens，a small percentage of people move further away from the urban areas.随着这种情况的发生，搬家离开城镇地区的人口比率变小。The percentage of sch

10、ool leavers that go to university is about five percent.中学毕业后上大学的学生约为5%。明辨异同percent/percentagepercent(per cent)意为“百分之”，前面必须有数词，后面通常要跟“of名词”，构成“数词percentof名词”结构，表示具体的百分数。谓语动词应根据名词的单复数形式来决定。percentage意为“百分率；百分数”，前面常用large，small，great，high，what等修饰，但不可用数词修饰，后面常跟“of名词”。percentage前有定冠词时，句中谓语动词要用单数；percent

11、age前有不定冠词或what时，句中谓语动词的单复数形式要根据of后的名词而定。Seventy percent of the earth is covered by water.地球表面的70%被水覆盖着。Twenty percent of the students are from the south.20%的学生来自南方。A great percentage of the TV sets in the shop are made in China.这家商店出售的电视机绝大部分是中国制造的。What percentage of college students go abroad?大学生出国

12、的百分率是多少？选词填空(percentage/percent)The covering of forestry in our town is 60 What of the earth is covered by oceans?【答案】percentpercentage5identify vt.确认；认出；发现；找到(教材P23)By studying sociology，we can identify important factors such as education that help make people more successful within society.通过学习社会学

13、，我们能够找到一些重要的因素，例如教育能帮助一个人在社会上更加成功。I identified the jacket at once；it was my brothers.我立即认出了那件外套，它是我兄弟的。First of all，we must identify the problem areas.首先我们必须找出问题所在。The bodies were identified as those of two suspected drug dealers.那两具尸体被辨认出原是两名贩毒嫌疑犯。He does not wish to be identified with the reform p

14、arty.他不想与改革派有任何关联。identify .as.认出是；显示；说明身份identify with sb. 与某人产生共鸣、谅解、同情identify sb.with sth. 把某人视为identify sth.with sth. 认为某物等同于某物be identified with sb./sth. 与有密切关联完成句子他自称是吉姆的密友。He a close friend of Jims.她对这部小说中的女主人公很同情。She the heroine of the novel.不能把财富和幸福等同起来。Wealth cannot happiness.【答案】identifi

15、ed himself asidentified withbe identified with6make sense讲得通；有意义(教材P24)The sentences in a paragraph should be listed in an order that makes sense.每章节中的句子应当有规则地组织，使其有意义。This message doesnt make sense.这个消息毫无意义。Can you make any sense of these instructions?您能弄懂这些说明的意思吗？make no sense 讲不通；没意义make sense of

16、 弄懂的意思come to ones senses (昏迷后)醒过来；醒悟过来in a sense 在某种意义上说in no sense 决不(置于句首，句子用部分倒装)common sense 常识a sense of. 感Can you make sense of the sentence?你能理解这个句子吗？In a sense(in one way)it doesnt matter any more.从某句中意义上说，这事已无关紧要了。完成句子无论如何这个问题都不能说已经解决了。 can the issue be said to be resolved.你明白这个作家在讲什么吗？ Ca

17、n you what this writer is saying?让小孩玩火柴有意义吗？Does it to let children play with matches?这个句子如果逐字翻译就没有意义了。It to translate this sentence word by word.【答案】In no sensemake sense ofmake sensemakes no sense段落的组成部分段落是由若干个彼此关联的句子构成的，通常用以表达一个中心思想或者从一个角度对文章的主题进行阐述。结构完整的段落大多由三部分组成：主题句，支撑句和总结句。一、主题句表达段落主题的句子。它用以概

18、括段落大意，要求全段其他文字都围绕它展开。主题句通常放在段落的开端，其特点是开门见山地摆出问题，然后加以详细说明。其作用是使文章的结构更清晰、更具说服力，便于读者迅速地把握主题和想象全段的内容。主题句可以放在段中起到承上启下的作用，或放在段尾起概括全段的作用。Public opinions on what it takes to succeed in ones studies or career vary widely.Given approximately equal circumstances，some claim the success factor is largely a matte

19、r of luckbeing in the right place and the right time.Others speak of utter devotion to work，combined with a degree of ruthlessness.Still others maintain that it is undoubtedly a matter of how much intelligence you have or simply how much education your mother had.In a word，people have different idea

20、s on it.上述段落的主题句为Public opinions on what it takes to succeed in ones studies or career vary widely.它放在段落的开头，开门见山地点明主题，使读者很容易抓住本段的写作主线：对学业或事业成功所持的各种不同的观点和看法。With money, people can go wherever they please and do whatever they want.With money, they can buy a fine horse to ride.And with money, they can

21、lead a happy life.Money is considered by many people as the most important thing in life.该段的主题句是最后一句：Money is considered by many people as the most important thing in life.名师点津并非每个段落都有主题句。当一个段落继续前一个段落的话题时，此段就不需要主题句了。因为主题句的作用是明确指示该段内容、确定该段落的中心思想，因此必须用概括性的、完整的句子来表示，这就要求句子既不能太笼统，也不能太具体。句子太笼统，或者说主题太大，很难

22、用一百字左右的文字说清楚。如果句子太具体，缺乏概括性观点，则无法展开段落。二、支撑句支撑句是用来支持或说明主题句的，是段落主题句的延伸和发展，起着辅助主题句、扩展段落中心的作用，对主题句表达的中心思想或举例说明、或细致描写、或详细解释阐述和论证，使读者能够清晰地理解和信服地接受作者所表达的意思。(1)The computer finds many applications in all fields.(2)Computers are now doing almost everything from diagnosing hospital patients to running nuclear

23、power stations.(3)In any field where information is collected，processed，stored，and retrieved，computers are being used more and more.(4)Computers are also used as an aid to design planning.在上述这个段落中，句(1)是主题句，提出计算机在所有领域都有应用的观点；句(2)、(3)和(4)都是支撑句，都支持和说明句(1)，具体说明计算机在哪些领域的应用。三、结论句结论句位于段落的末尾，在段落中也起着非常重要的作用，用以对全段内容进行总结、归纳或提出结论性的观点。结论句常和主题句相呼应，以不同的形式再现主题，并与支撑句相关联。