不同剂量地塞米松对液压冲击伤脑水肿AQP4表达的影响.docx
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1、 河北医科大学 学位论文使用授权及知识产权归属承诺 本学位论文在导师(或指导小组)的指导下,由本人独立完成。本 学位论文研究所获得的研究成果,其知识产权归河北医科大学所 有。 河北医科大学有权对本学位论文进行交流、公开和使用。凡发表 与学 位论文主要内容相关的论文,第一署名单位为河北医科大学,试 验材 料、原始数据、申报的专利等知识产权均归河北医科大学所有。否则, 承担相应的法律责任。 河北医科大学 研究生学位论文独创性声明 本论文是在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果,除了 文中特别加以标注等内容外,文中不包含其他人已发表或撰写的研究 成果,指导教师对此进行了审定。本论文由本人独立撰写
2、,文责自负。 目 录 中文摘要 . 1 英文摘要 . 5 研究论文不同剂量地塞米松对大鼠液压冲击伤脑水肿 AQP4 表达 的影响 弓 . 9 第一部分大鼠液压冲击伤神经功能评分与 AQP4 表达的 关系 |J s . 10 材料与方法 . 11 结果 . 15 P 細 . 17 醜 . 20 i 寸 i 仑 . 22 純 . 23 参考文献 . 24 第二部分不同剂量地塞米松对大鼠液压冲击伤脑水肿 AQP4 表达 的影响 |J s . 27 材料与方法 . 28 .31 P 細 . 34 醜 . 47 讨论 . 51 純 . 52 参考文献 . 53 仑 . 55 综述水通道蛋白 4 在创伤性
3、脑水肿中的作用研究 . 56 致谢 . 67 个人简历 . 68 中 文 摘 要 不同剂量地塞米松对液压冲击伤脑水肿 AQP4 表达的影响 第一部分 摘 要 大鼠液压冲击伤神经功能评分与 AQP4 表达的关系 目的:建立液压冲击脑损伤动物模型,观察神经功能评分和 AQP4 的表达 规律,探讨神经功能评分与 AQP4 和脑水肿的关系。 方法:雄性成年 SD 大鼠 56 只,体重 250-350g,随机分为 3 组:空 白对 照组 ( NC 组) 4 只,假手术组( SO 组) 4 只,损伤组( TBI 组 ) 48 只,再随机 按伤后 lh, 6h, 12h, 24h, 3d,7d 六个时间点分
4、为 6 组,每组 8 只 . 按文献制作液 压冲击伤动物模型。 SO 组动物常规麻醉开颅,但不进行液 压冲击, NC 组不进 行任何处理。 NC 组和 SO 组于术后, TBI 组于术后第 lh、 6h、 12h、 24h、 3d 和 7d 各时间点先行神经功能评分,再 10%水合氯醛过度麻醉,断头处死,开颅 取脑, 行 HE 染色和免疫组织化学染色方法检测 AQP4。从损伤区前缘取 100mg 左右 脑组织应用干湿重法测脑组织含水量。损伤区后缘脑组织用于 免疫蛋白印迹 (Western Blot)检测 AQP4 蛋白表达。 结果: 1 动物一般状况 :大鼠在液压冲击伤后均立即出现前肢抱握屈曲
5、、肌张力 增高、 竖毛、弓背、心率增快等表现,且可出现呼吸暂停,持续时间约 (15 2)s,一般 可自行恢复呼吸。随后昏迷、反射减弱。清醒后精神萎靡不 振,活动减少。 2 神经功能评分: TBI 组与 SO 组比较,在伤后各个时间点评分降低 (P . 5)。自伤后 6h 脑组织含水量开始增加 (79.36 士 1.09)%, 在伤后 24h 时达到最高 (82.190.97)%,持续至 3d(81.74 土 1.690%,然后开 始下降, 7d 时 (80.450.7)%基本恢复。 4 中 文 摘 要 D1 组、 D2 组、 D4 组与 DO 组趋势一致。 D1 组、 D2 组和 D4 组在
6、lh 时 分别与损伤组比较,差别无统计学意义( P0.05)。 D1 组、 D2 组、 D4 组在伤 后 6h、 12h、 24h、 3d 和 7d 与损伤组比较,差异有统计学意义 (P0.05)。 4 AQP4 蛋白及其 mRNA 表达: DO 组和干预组 AQP4 蛋白及其 AQP4mRNA 均是在伤后 24h 时达到高峰值,并持续到 3d。干预组在 6h, 12h, 24h, 3d 和 7d 与损伤组比较差异有统计学意义( P0.05)。 结论: 1 地塞米松能够通过下调 AQP4 及其 mRNA 的表达来发挥减轻脑水肿的 作用。 2 不同剂量地塞米松对 AQP4 和脑水肿的影响无统计学
7、意义,提示临床 应用地 塞米松应早期、小剂量、短期为佳。 关键词:糖皮质激素;地塞米松;脑水肿; AQP4;冲击伤。 5 英 文 摘 要 Effective of different doses of dexamthasone on AQP4 expression after fluid percussion injury in rats ABSTRACT Part I The relationship between the expression of AQP4 and nerve function scores after fluid percussion injury Objective
8、: To establish animal model of fluid percussion injury and explore the relationship between AQP4 and nerve function scores in rats Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-350g) were used in this study. The rats were randomly divided into three exerimental groups: NC group(n=4),sham group(n=4),T
9、BI group(n=48).The TBI group was also randomly divided into three exerimental sub-groups according to the time points of sacrifice such as lh, 6h, 12h, 24h, 3d and 7d after injury. We established the fluid percussion model following documents. Sham-operated rats were anesthetized and surgically prep
10、ared in the exact same maimer, but did not receive FPI brain injury. NC group did not accepted any treatment. Under 10%cholralhydrate anesthesia, the group of NC and SO was killed by decapitation after injury,TBI group was disposeded with same way at lh, 6h, 12h, 24h, 3d and 7d after injury.The hist
11、ology was detected by HE staining, the expression of AQP4 was detected by immunohistochemical and western blot. The brain water content (BWC) was measured by Wet-Dry Method in each group. Results: 1 After fluid percussion injury, the rats immediately appeared grasp hole forelimb flexion, and increas
12、ed muscle tone, vertical hair, and there may be apnea duration of about (152)s. Followed by coma, reflecting weakened. Conscious spiritual malaise and reduced activities existed. 6 英 文 摘 要 2 Neurological score: The Neurological score of TBI group increased from lh, showed inflection point in the 12h
13、 after injury,and then began to reduce at 24th h, lasted to 3rd day, increased from 3rd day, and nearly returned to normal level at 7th day . 3 Histological observation: cellular edema in lesions around the TPI can be seen at 6h after the injury. Brain edema at 12h after injury became much severe th
14、an before. At 24h after injury, edema further expanded the scope and depth from the damage to the white paper around the development of lesions, and edema reached peak. The edema can be observed at 3d after injury, but was lower than that at 24h and the proliferation of glial cells was highter than
15、obvious; At 7d after injury, edema nearly disppeared and glial cell proliferation was still evident. 4 The water content: the water content of TBI group increased from 6h(79.21l. 9%) , reached its peak at 24th h (82.190.97%), lasted to 3rd day (81.741.69%), and then began to reduce, nearly to normal
16、 level at 7th day (80.450.7%). 5 Immunohistochemical analysis: The expression of AQP4 increased in TBI model group from 6h (0.17380.076), reached its peak at 24th h(0.19120.085), lasted to 3rd day (0.17880.099), and then began to reduce, nearly to normal level at 7th day . 6 Western Blot: The expres
17、sion of AQP4 increased from 6h (0.38960.098), reached its peak at 24th h (0.72110.0784),lasted to 3rd day (0.56170.0726), and then began to reduce,nearly to normal level at 7th day . 7 Relativity: Neurological score from 12h to 7d after injury has a negative correlationship with brain water content
18、(r=-0.615,P0.05). Compared with sham operated group, the water content of DO group increased from 6h(79.361.09%) , reached its peak at 24th h(82.190.97%), lasted to 3rd day(81.74l.69%), and then began to reduce, nearly return to normal level at 7th day (80.450.7%). Compared with DO group at the corr
19、esponding time points, the difference of water content in D1,D2 and D4 group was statistically significant (P . 5)。 TBI 含水量从伤 6h 开始增加 (79.36 0.43)%, 24h 时达到最大值 (82.19 0.97)%,持续至 3d(81.74 士 1.69)%, 7d 开始下降 (80.450.71)%,基本至 6h 时的水平。其变化趋势 呈峰状。损伤组与假手术组比较差异有统计学意义 (P1,在 1.5%琼脂糖凝胶 (含 EB)上电泳, 80V, 45min。 用
20、UVP 凝胶图像成像系统拍摄结果,用凝胶图像分析系统( Gel-Pro Analyzer Version 3.0)分析结果,以相对光密度值( IOD)表不。 3 统计学分析 :同第一部分 结 果 1 组织学观察 D0 组动物液压冲击伤后 lh 后可见挫裂伤灶结构破坏,点片状出血 (见 Fig.7a)。 伤后 6h 开始出现细胞水月中,神经元周围的间隙增宽 (见 Fig.7b)。 伤后 24h 水肿 范围进一步扩大,达到高峰,神经元和血管周围间隙增大, 并出现了胶质细胞的增 生;且神经细胞周围水肿,间隙变宽 (见 Fig.7d)。 伤后 3d 仍可观察到周围水肿, 但较 24h 时有所减轻,胶质
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