2016年中考英语复习专题三-冠词优秀PPT课件.ppt

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1、第二部分第二部分 语法专题研究语法专题研究专题三专题三 冠词冠词【考情概览考情概览】分析近分析近5年云南真题可以看出除年云南真题可以看出除昆明外，其余地市均考查冠词。主要在单项昆明外，其余地市均考查冠词。主要在单项填空中以考查不定冠词填空中以考查不定冠词a/an的基本用法为主，的基本用法为主，零冠词和定冠词为冷考点。其中不定冠词的零冠词和定冠词为冷考点。其中不定冠词的基本用法属于高频命题点。基本用法属于高频命题点。命题点一命题点一 不定冠词不定冠词a/an的基本用法的基本用法命题点二命题点二 定冠词定冠词the的基本用法的基本用法命题点三命题点三 零冠词的基本用法零冠词的基本用法 练讲重难点1

2、.By the way, do you have _ E-mail address?Sure, Ill write for you. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填不填C 重难点精析考点抢测考点抢测2.We have _ 8-day holiday.Why not go to _ West Lake?A. a; a B. a; an C. an; the D. an; aC3.Lily is _ active girl and she is good at playing _ guitar.A. an; / B. a; the C. an; the D. a; /C 考生在解答

3、冠词类试题时，首先分析语境，考生在解答冠词类试题时，首先分析语境，若是能直接翻译成若是能直接翻译成“一个一个”，则通常用不定，则通常用不定冠词冠词a/an，并要注意空后的词以元音音素开头，并要注意空后的词以元音音素开头时用时用an；若空格后的名词为特指，则通常用；若空格后的名词为特指，则通常用定冠词定冠词the。零冠词一般有特殊的用法。零冠词一般有特殊的用法。满分点拨满分点拨 不定冠词不定冠词a/an的基本用法（的基本用法（5年年4考考14次次）1. 常见用法常见用法用法用法例词或例句例词或例句用于第一次提到的用于第一次提到的人或事物的名称前人或事物的名称前I saw a boy over t

4、here. He was sleeping.我看到一个男我看到一个男孩在那边。他正在睡觉。孩在那边。他正在睡觉。命题点一命题点一用法用法例词或例句例词或例句用于指一类人或事物中用于指一类人或事物中的任何一个，相当于的任何一个，相当于any（2015年年2次，次，2012年年3次；次；2011年年2次）次）I want to buy an English book.我想买我想买本英语书。本英语书。表示数量表示数量“一一”，相当，相当于于one或或eachI have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.我我有一张嘴，一个鼻子有一张嘴，一个鼻子和两只眼睛。和两只眼睛。用法用法

5、例词或例句例词或例句指某人或某物，但不具指某人或某物，但不具体指明哪个人或物体指明哪个人或物A man is waiting for you at the gate.有个人有个人正在大门口等你。正在大门口等你。表示类别，泛指某一类表示类别，泛指某一类人或物人或物A horse is bigger than a rabbit.马比兔子大马比兔子大一些。一些。用法用法例词或例句例词或例句表示表示“每一每一”的意思，的意思，相当于相当于everyonce a week一周一次；一周一次；200 kilometers an hour每小时每小时200公里公里用在用在such, quite, rathe

6、r, half, what等词等词之后之后such a busy day如此忙如此忙的一天；的一天； half an hour半小时半小时用法用法例词或例句例词或例句用在某些固定搭配中用在某些固定搭配中a bit一点；一点；in a word总而总而言之；言之； have a try试一试；试一试；have a picnic（2012红河红河州州27题）题）2. an用于元音音素前的常见词列表用于元音音素前的常见词列表Aaan apple/an artist/an aunt/an Asian country/an American girl/an actor（2015云云南南26题）题）Eea

7、 European country/an egg/an eight-year-old boy（2011红河州红河州31题）题）/an 11-year-old boy/an earthquake（2011昭通昭通37题）题）Iian idea/an interesting story（2014曲靖曲靖31题）题）Ooan orange/an old man/an outgoing girlUua useful book/a university student/ a UFO/a usual story/an umbrella（2011红河州红河州31题）题）/an ugly man/an unc

8、le/an unusual story/an unhappy smile特别特别记记不规则：不规则：an hour/an honest man（2012西西双版纳州双版纳州31题）题） 定冠词定冠词the的基本用法的基本用法（20122011各各1次次）用法用法例句例句用在双方都知道用在双方都知道的人或事物前的人或事物前Give me the pen, please!请请给我递一下那支笔。给我递一下那支笔。命题点二命题点二用法用法例句例句特指上文已提过特指上文已提过的人或事物的人或事物My mother bought me a book. The book is very interestin

9、g.我妈妈给我买了一本书，那我妈妈给我买了一本书，那本书很有趣。本书很有趣。用在世界上独一用在世界上独一无二的事物前无二的事物前The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。地球绕着太阳转。用法用法例句例句用在序数词前和用在序数词前和形容词的最高级形容词的最高级前（副词最高级前（副词最高级前可以省略）前可以省略）The second girl is the shortest but she runs (the) fastest of all.第二个女孩是最矮的，但她第二个女孩是最矮的，但她跑得最快。跑得最快。用于形容词前表用于形容词前表示一类人或事物示一类人或事

10、物The young should be polite to the old.年轻人应该对老人有年轻人应该对老人有礼貌。礼貌。用法用法例句例句用于姓氏复数前表示一用于姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻家人或夫妻The Whites are going to have a picnic tomorrow.怀特一家明怀特一家明天将去野餐。天将去野餐。用在表示方位的名词前用在表示方位的名词前Xinjiang lies in the west of China.新疆位于新疆位于中国西部。中国西部。用法用法例句例句用在与用在与play连用的西洋连用的西洋乐器名称前（乐器名称前（2012大理大理州州26题）题）H

11、e plays the piano very well.他钢琴弹得非常好他钢琴弹得非常好用在专有名词前用在专有名词前the Great Wall长城长城, the Summer Palace故宫故宫用法用法例句例句用在固定用在固定搭配中搭配中at the same time 同时；同时；in the way 挡挡道，碍事；道，碍事；all the same 始终，一直；始终，一直；on the other hand 另一方面；另一方面；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午在上午/下下午午/晚上晚上(2011曲靖曲靖31题）；题）；by the way 顺便问

12、一句；顺便问一句；in the end 最后最后 零冠词的基本用法零冠词的基本用法（2012年年3次次）情况情况举例举例用在三餐、球类、语言、用在三餐、球类、语言、学科、棋类名词前学科、棋类名词前have supper吃晚饭吃晚饭;play football踢足球踢足球用在季节、月份、星期前用在季节、月份、星期前Sunday周日；周日；summer夏天夏天命题点三命题点三情况情况举例举例用在与用在与by连用的交通工连用的交通工具名词前具名词前by train坐火车；坐火车；by bus坐汽车坐汽车用在专有名词前用在专有名词前Beijing Street北京街；北京街；Teachers Day教

13、师节教师节情况情况举例举例用于名词前有物主代词、用于名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格疑问代词或名词所有格修饰时修饰时this book这本书这本书; my son我的儿子我的儿子; Jacks bike杰克的自行车杰克的自行车 Cedar Gulch was, in 1851, a flourishing camp. There had been some good findhat did he say? the new-comer asked. 15 I heard him say, It is no use your going on like

14、 that, mates. If you had gone down he would have got his friends, and then there would have been a general fight, and several would have got hurt. When you have murderers like these you dont want a fightyou want an execution; and having a sort of natural knack with the pistol, I took it upon myself

15、to be executioner. There was another case, although it didnt happen at the camp I was at, in which a woman was murdered by a half-breed Mexican. I did not hear the circumstances, but it was a shocking bad case. She left a child behind her, and her husband, a little German, went clean off his head. N

16、ext morning Limping Frank was missing. All that was known was that he had bought a horse of a man who had come in late the night before, and was gone. His two mates looked high and low for him, but said at last they guessed he would turn up again. It was well-nigh two months before he came back. He

17、brought back with him a watch and some trinkets that had been stolen from the murdered woman, and it seems that he had followed the fellow right down into New Mexico, and had shot him there. The man who told me said he never made any talk about it, but was at work as usual the morning after he came

18、back. I tell you I would rather quarrel with Sim Howlett and English Bill together than I would get that little mans dander up. He is a peacemaker too, he is, and many a quarrel he has smoothed down. At one camp we were in we made him a sort of judge, and whenever there was a dispute about claims, o

19、r tools, or anything else, we went to him and he decided, and no judge could have gone into the case fairer or given a better judgment; and though, in course, those he decided against were not pleased, they had to put up with it. In thes by the first prospectors, and a rush had of course followed. I

20、n many cases first discoveries proved illusive, but it was not so at Cedar Gulch. The ground turned out well, and although no extraordinary finds were made, the average was good all over the bottom, and there were few who were not doing fairly well. The scene was a busy one. Several hundreds of men

21、were hard at work on the flat, which in winter was the bed of a wide stream, but which in summer was a mere thread of water among the rocks, scarce enough for washing purposes. Everywhere were piles of stones and rubbish that had been brought up from the shafts; men toiled at windlasses; others empt

22、ied the buckets as they came up into swinging troughs or cradles; others again kept these supplied with water, and swung or rocked them, taking off the large stones that the motion brought to the surface, while the slush and mud ran out at the lower end. New-comers moved about watching the work with

23、 eager eyes, wishing that they had had the luck to get there among the early arrivals, and to take up a claim, for every foot of ground far down the valley had already been occupied, and 12 there was now no getting into a claim except by purchasing a share or altogether buying out the present holder

24、s. One of the claims that was doing best was held by three men who had worked in partnership for the last two years, and who had been among the first to arrive at Cedar Gulch. They were known among the others as English Bill, Sim Howlett, and Limping Frank. Sim Howlett was perhaps the leader of the

25、party. He had been one of the earliest gold-diggers, and was a square, powerfully built man. He was a man of few words, but the words when spoken were forcible. He was by no means quarrelsome, but was one whom few cared to quarrel with, even in a place where serious quarrels were of constant occurre

26、nce, and where revolvers cracked so often that the sound of a fray excited but little attention. English Bill was a tall wiry man, hot of temper, but a general favourite. Generous with his money, always ready to lend a helping hand to anyone who was down on his luck, he also was a capital worker, an

27、d had, in spite of his rough clothes and the use of language as rough as that of his companions, a certain air which told that, like many others in the diggings, he was a gentleman by birth. Why these two men should have taken up with Limping Frank as a comrade was a matter of surprise to those who

28、knew them. They were both men in the prime of life, while he was at least ten years their senior. His hair was already white; his face was that of a student rather than a miner, with a gentle and almost womanly expression. His frame was slight, and looked altogether incapable of hard work, and he wa

29、lked with a distinct limp, the result of a bullet wound in the hip. And yet there were men in the gulch who, having known the trio at other diggings, declared that they would rather quarrel either with English Bill or Sim Howlett than with Limping Frank, and as some of them were desperate fellows, a

30、nd noted pistol shots, their report was quite sufficient to secure respect for a man who otherwise would have been regarded with pity or contempt. Very little of the hard work of the partnership fell upon 13 Frank. He cooked, looked after the shanty, did what washing and mending to the clothes was n

31、ecessary, and occasionally came down and assisted to work the cradle and sort the stuff. They generally addressed him as doctor. Not that he made any profession of medical knowledge; but he was always ready to give his services in case of sickness, and many a miner had he pulled through fevers which

32、, had it not been for his nursing and care, would have proved fatal. I cant make out what yer mean by saying I had best not quarrel with that little old atomy you call Limping Frank, a big, powerful fellow who had recently arrived at the camp said to one who had been talking over with him the charac

33、teristics of several of the miners. I aint very pertiklar who I quarrels with; but what on arth there can be in that little chap to make one keep clear of him beats me. Can he shoot?年年此日一花开，却是石榴知立夏。杨花落尽浓荫日，芳草萋萋五月天。绿阴生昼静，孤花表春余。纷纷红紫已成尘，布谷声中夏令新。夹路桑麻行不尽，始知身是太平人。You bet, the other replied. He could put a

34、 bullet plumb between your eyes ten times following, the length of the long saloon up there. There aint no better shot nor quicker anywhere on the slopes. But he dont look as if he could speak up for himself, the other said. No; and he doesnt speak up for himself, though his mates would be ready eno

35、ugh to speak up for him if anyone said anything to him. There is nothing quarrelsome about him. He is always for peace and order. He is a sort of Judge Lynch all to himself. He has cleared out one or two camps I have been at. When a chap gets too bad for anything, and takes to shooting over and abov

36、e what is usual and right, specially if he draws on quiet sort of chaps and becomes a terror, then Limping Frank comes out. I was down at Dead Mans Gulch when there was a gang of three or four men who were a terror to the place. They had stretched out seven or eight between them, and Texan Jack, as

37、the worst of them was called, one day shot down a young fellow who had just come into camp, for no reason at all, as far as any one knew. 14 I happened to be in the saloon five minutes afterwards, when Limping Frank came in. Texan Jack was standing drinking there with two of his mates, laughing and

38、jawing. You would scarcely have known that little chap if you had seen him then! He had been nursing a mate of mine only the night before, and as I had been sitting near him I thought what a gentle sort of face he hadmore like a womans than a mans. But now his eyes were wide open and his lips closed

39、, and there was just a set look in his face that I knew meant mischieffor I had seen him once before when his dander was upand I put my hand into my back pocket for my pistol, for I knew there was going to be a muss. He stopped in the middle of the room, and he said in a loud, clear voice that made

40、every one look sharp round, Texan Jack, murderer and villain, we have borne with you too long. If you are a man, draw. Texan Jack stared with astonishment. Are you mad, you little fool? he said. Draw, or I will shoot you down as you stand, Limping Frank said, and the Texan saw that he meant mischief

41、. Frank had no weapon in his hand, for he was not one to take an advantage. The Texan carried his weapon up his sleeve, but quick as he was with it, Frank was as quick, and the two pistols cracked pretty well at the same moment. Frank got a ball in the shoulder, but the Texan fell dead with a bullet

42、 in the centre of his forehead. His two mates drew in a moment, but Franks revolver cracked twice as quick as you could count them, and there were just three bodies lying dead in a heap. Then he put up his pistol, and said in his ordinary quiet voice, I dont like these things, but we must have peace

43、 and order. Will some of you tell the others that they had better git. And you bet they did git. Limping Frank never said another word about it, but got his arm in a sling, and half an hour afterwards I saw him quietly cooking his mates dinner while they were both standing by blowing him up for star

44、ting out without them to back him初夏，带着劳动者的丝丝欣慰，伴着青春浓浓的热情，和这淳淳的舐犊情深，来到了五月，来到了这枝繁叶茂的五月。我从深春的窗前向着初夏的窗外遥看，那一庭庭的果树，一池池的碧清，一条条幽兰的古巷，一垅垅的麦青，一树树的绿叶，一柳柳青青的垂诞，一山山野花的绽放，看得我如痴如醉。这如水的初夏散发着淡淡的清欢，那些浸染的情怀，让我在这风柔心宁的日子里流连忘返，真的好想就这样安逸的度过这明媚清浅的初夏。空灵也许才是这一季的曼妙，轻轻折一枝曼舞的藤花，默默挹一口熏得游人醉的暖风，偷偷咂一下来时路不减的绿荫，就这样时不时来撷取这初夏的容颜，时不时来戏

45、谑这浅夏的味道。五月的天，淡阳初夏，湿暖的光滋养着万物。林下树阴成片，簇簇间点缀着片片粼光。润白的槐花儿，紫粉色的梧桐花儿，还有这艳红似火的石榴花儿，都好似接到通知一样，一个儿接一个儿的在天地之间尽情的挥霍着悠悠的花香。你听，说不定，闭上眼，竖起耳朵，就可以听到这夏花“你追我赶儿”的嬉笑声，就可以闻到这亲切的阵阵花香。街道上，来来往往的人群，或着薄衫，或着半袖，从容自若的穿梭在春夏之间，逍遥在天地之间。这时，就连天空偶尔飘来的几许云彩，偶尔洒下的几缕微凉，都显得那么的迷人，这么的让人沉醉不已。此时，真的好想，闭上眼，竖起耳朵，听这夏花盛开的声音，听这微风滑过的微凉，仿佛这一切的一切就只是为了初

46、夏，就只是为了跟我们一起美美的享受这淡淡的温暖的五月阳光。韶华似水，时光绕指渐行，还未来得及赏透悟透这如痴如醉的晚春，初夏就毫不客气的携一缕浅夏的芬芳，凝一脂冰清玉洁的清梦，悠然地坐在了季节的肩头，停留在有你有我的彼岸。我曾躺在草地上，仰望天空的云儿；我曾躺在屋顶上，看那漫天的星儿。但却不知那片云儿，才是心灵栖息的港湾，才是放飞的希望；那片星空，才是灵魂深处的流星花园，才是诺下的地老天荒。难道，那希望放飞的一瞬，那流星滑落的一刹，就只是一杯倾城一杯醉，就只是一杯销魂一杯欣慰。那么，何人忧伤何人醉？曾听说，长大是一瞬间的事，但我却忘了那一刹发生在何时，发生在何地。曾经的沧海桑田，云卷云舒，但却最

47、终也没等来你的回眸。倘若，“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇”？经不住的似水流年，逃不过的此间少年。曾经的地久天长，也许只是误会一场。那些翻了又翻的书页，看了又看的花开，也许只是在这清浅的岁月，留下的淡淡体香。“我是谁，谁是我”。也许“为爱寻光纸上钻，不能透处几朵难。忽然撞着来时路，始觉平生被眼瞒”，轻轻抖落的尘埃，“谁是故人，谁是过客”？“良言一句三冬暖，伤人一句六月寒”倘若只是转身就忘的路人甲，那又何必蹉跎年华到天涯。“泪没挂在谁的脸上，谁不知道它的冰凉。伤不在谁的身上，谁不知它的分量。”若问多少疼，尽在不言中。人似秋鸿来有信，事如春梦了无痕。最终认识的自己，也只不过是别人眼里的风景。跟不上

48、的脚步，干脆就说迷了路。原来，我们可以欺瞒别人，但欺瞒不了自己。与其说别人看不起自己，到不如直说自己不懂的自己。记得，冰心老人曾说“人的一生应该像一朵花儿，不论男人和女人，花有色、香、味，人有才、情、趣。三者缺一不可。”那么，过去的一页，能不翻就不翻了，因为翻落的灰尘会迷了双眼。平凡之人何其多，你我也只不过是其中的一个。听说，小鸟飞不过沧海，其实不是小鸟没有飞过沧海的勇气，而是十年的以后，在沧海的那一头，早已没有了等待。“人能走多远？人能攀多高？”这话不是要问两脚，而是要问志向；这事不是要问双手，而是要问意志。“春有百花秋有月，夏有凉风冬有雪。若无闲事在心头，便是人间好时节”。没事儿，给“心灵扫扫地儿”，让心灵歇会儿；没事儿情况情况举例举例用在固定搭配中用在固定搭配中at home 在家（在家（2012曲靖曲靖31题）题） ； at night/noon 在夜里在夜里/中中午；午；on time 准时；准时；in fact 事实事实上；上；on foot 步行；步行；make progress（2012玉溪玉溪26题）题）