2019-2020学年高中英语阅读强化训练十三.doc

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1、阅读强化训练(十三) (建议用时：15分钟) 阅读理解The vast majority of us spend our entire lives pulled down by gravity.Then there are astronauts.This small population of space travelers has given researchers a rare look at what happens to the human body when its able to spend large amounts of time outside the downward pu

2、ll of the Earth.This week，a study on one of the largest groups of astronauts yet34 participantswas published in The New England Journal of Medicine.In the new study，a team of international radiologists(放射科医生)supported by NASA looked at MRIs of the brains of astronauts before and after their trips to

3、 space.The scientists found that upon returning to Earth，many of the astronauts brains had become repositioned inside their skulls，floating higher than before.In addition，the space between certain brain areas appeared to have shrunk(缩小)The changes were more common in astronauts who took longer trips

4、 into space.The team characterized astronaut trips as short(an average of less than 14 days)or long(an average of about 165 days)Radiologists who didnt know each astronauts duration(持续时间)in space compared MRIs from before and after their trips.Of the 34 total astronauts involved in the study，18 took

5、 long trips to spacespending most of that time on the International Space Stationand of those，17 returned to Earth with smaller areas between the frontal lobe(脑前额叶) and parietal lobe(顶叶)The same area of the brain also shrank for three of the 16 astronauts who took shorter trips with the US Space Shu

6、ttle Program.The researchers also found that 12 of the ISS astronauts and six of the spaceshuttle astronauts returned home with their brains sitting slightly higher in their skulls than before.Its not clear what，if anything，these brain changes mean for the health of space travelers.In general，it app

7、ears the human body tolerates space travel fairly well：the time astronauts have spent in zerogravity environments so far doesnt seem to have had any strong or longlasting effects.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。放射科医生研究发现，宇航员从太空返回地球后，他们的大脑在颅内的位置比去太空旅行前高。1What is the finding of the study?AAstronauts have great brain p

8、ower.BAstronauts duration in space is updated.CAstronauts skulls expand after space trips.DAstronauts return to Earth with raised brains.D解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的The scientists found that upon returning to Earth，many of the astronauts brains had become repositioned inside their skulls，floating higher than be

9、fore.可知，科学家发现，宇航员在返回地球后，他们的大脑在头颅内的位置改变了，悬浮在比以前更高的位置。2How did the scientists draw the conclusion?ABy analyzing astronauts symptoms.BBy comparing each astronauts MRIs.CBy monitoring astronauts brain activities.DBy observing countless astronauts behaviors.B解析：细节理解题。由第四段中的Radiologists who didnt know eac

10、h astronauts duration(持续时间) in space compared MRIs from before and after their trips.可知，放射科医生通过比较每位宇航员太空旅行前后的脑部核磁共振成像，得出研究结论。3What does the author say about the changes inside astronauts skulls?AThey are totally harmless.BTheir effects are hard to assess.CTheir occurrence is unavoidable.DThey will h

11、eavily influence astronauts.B解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的Its not clear what，if anything，these brain changes mean for the health of space travelers.可知，宇航员在经历太空旅行后大脑的这种变化是否意味着对他们的健康有影响，这一问题目前还没有明确的解释。4What is the best title for the text?AEffects of Zero GravityBValuable Experiences of Space TravelCSpace Travel Ch

12、anges Astronauts BrainsDFlying Long Hours Increases Health RisksC解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了放射科医生经过研究发现，宇航员从太空返回地球后，他们的大脑在头颅内的位置改变了，悬浮在比以前更高的位置，C项作标题最能概括文章主旨。 七选五MedicineMedicine is the science of keeping people healthy and healing the sick.Humans have practiced forms of medicine for thousands of years.

13、Today specially trained people called doctors practice medicine.There are many parts to a doctors job.Doctors first need to identify what is making a person sick.Then they decide on a treatment.They also predict when the patient will feel better. 1._When treating patients，doctors work with many othe

14、r people，including nurses and physician assistants.Becoming a doctor involves years of education and training.Medical students first graduate from college. 2._ Students usually earn a Doctor of Medicine degree in medical school.After medical school，most graduates enter a residency(住院医师实习期)，which is

15、a training program usually in a hospital. 3._ During this time，new doctors can specialize in a particular type of medicine in such areas as internal medicine(内科学) or surgery(外科)Finally，new doctors must pass a test to get a license to practice medicine.In the 1900s scientists developed vaccines(疫苗) t

16、o prevent many diseases and drugs to treat many others.Doctors transplanted organs from one person into another.They used many machines to help them to identify and treat diseases.4._Today doctors have many ways to help patients heal. 5._ For example，scientists are still searching for cures for canc

17、er，AIDS，and many other diseases.AThey can be used to prevent diseases.BIn addition，doctors try to prevent illnesses.CDoctors thought diseases were caused by the Gods.DThen they spend three to four years in medical school.EBut there are still many unanswered questions in medicine.FThey also learned h

18、ow good nutrition helped people to stay healthy.GDuring a residency，experienced doctors train the new doctors for three to seven years.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了医生的工作和医学的发展。1B解析：由该段的主题句There are many parts to a doctors job.以及本段的描述可知，B项“此外，医生还要努力防止疾病的发生”符合此处语境。2D解析：由该空前的first以及该空后的earn a Doctor of Medici

19、ne degree in medical school可知，之后医学生要在医学院度过三到四年的时间。3G解析：由该空前的most graduates enter a residency(住院医师实习期)可知，G项“在实习期间，有经验的医生会培训新医生三到七年”符合此处语境。4F解析：由该段的描述可知，本段主要介绍了二十世纪医学的发展情况，故F项“医生也了解到好的营养能帮助人们保持健康”符合此处语境。5E解析：由该空后的For example，scientists are still searching for cures for cancer，AIDS，and many other diseases.可知，在医学界还有很多尚未解决的问题。