2019-2020同步北师大英语必修五新突破讲义：Unit 13 Section Ⅳ　Language Points（Ⅱ）　（Lesson 2 & Lesson 3） .doc

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1、Section Language Points()(Lesson 2 & Lesson 3).单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1I dont like him，because he is blind to their faults(错误)2The people expressed their desire(愿望) that the war (should) come to an end soon.3The physical fitness requirements(要求) for being an astronaut are very strict.4State media repo

2、rted there were 168 people aboard(在飞机上)5Despite their personalities(个性)，they became best friends.6The research center is on Harvards campus，but it is independent of the university.7News of their safety came as a great relief.8The beach umbrella sheltered us from the strong sunlight，which made us com

3、fortable.9When the results came in，I was upset because I failed again.10It has been hard to adjust but now Im getting satisfaction from my work.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1person n人；本人；身体personal adj.私人的；个人的personality n个性，性格2independent adj.独立的independence n独立3. satisfy vt.满意，满足satisfied adj.满意的satisfacti

4、on n满意，满足4require vt.要求 requirement n要求5break vt.(使) 破；(纪录)打破 broken adj.断的，破的.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1get lost走失，迷路2find fault with找的茬3to ones relief令人宽慰的是4shelter from the rain避雨5give up放弃6be patient with对有耐心.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1He is just a small child，so you must be patient with him.2Much to my relief ，my

5、car was not damaged.3My father is always finding fault with the way I do things.4We have no idea how to persuade him to give up the idea.5We got lost because we couldnt read the map.寻规律、巧记忆n.aladj.toonesn.复合短语cultural 文化的musical 音乐的additional另外的；附加的to ones surprise令某人吃惊的是to ones delight令某人高兴的是to one

6、s satisfaction令某人满意的是背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.I find that very hard to believe. 我发现那令人难以置信。find宾语adj.不定式我觉得战狼2这部电影看起来很令人兴奋。I find the film Wolf Warrior 2 very exciting to see.2.I saw she had tears running down her cheeks at lunch today and one of the other teachers gave her a hug.今天吃午饭时，我看到她的眼泪流过脸颊，并且其中的另外一

7、个老师拥抱了她一下。have宾语doing为了惩罚他，他母亲让他站在太阳下。To punish him，his mother had him standing in the sun.3.Their friends are really upset and have been waiting anxiously for more news.他们的朋友真的非常沮丧，渴望得到更多的消息。have been doing她很累了。她整天都在录入信件。She is very tired.Shes been typing letters all day. give up放弃(教材P10)They must

8、never give up.他们将永不放弃。give up doing放弃(做)； 中止(做)give away赠送；泄露give back归还；使恢复give in屈服，让步give off放出(光，热，气味等)give out分发，发布；放出(光，热等)；用完He cant continue fighting.He will soon give in.他不能继续战斗下去，他很快就会投降。He gives up smoking(smoke)他戒烟了。The news of the mayors coming to our school for a visit was given out on

9、 the radio yesterday.市长要来我校参观的消息是昨天广播中宣布的。 aboard prep.& adv.在船(飞机、车)上，上船，上飞机(教材P11)I feel that airlines should not allow newborn babies aboard their long distance flights.我认为航空公司不能允许新生儿登机进行远距离飞行。(1)on boardaboard在车(船)上go on boardgo aboard上船(飞机；车)(2)board vt. 上车(船)(3)abroad adv.到(在)国外；(传言等的)广泛流传go/t

10、ravel abroad去国外from abroad从国外；从海外at home and abroad国内外The plane crashed，killing all 157 passengers on board.飞机坠毁，飞机上157位乘客全部丧生。My brother has never been abroad before，so he is very excited.我弟弟以前从未到过国外，因此他很激动。The news of his death soon spread abroad.他去世的消息很快传到了国外。 upset adj.不安的，不快的vt.使烦恼，使心烦意乱(教材P12)

11、Their friends are really upset and have been waiting anxiously for more news.他们的朋友真的非常沮丧，渴望得到更多的消息。be upset over/about/at sth.为某事感到不安be upset that.为感到不安(sth.) upset sb.(某事)使某人不安(sb.)upset sth.(某人)打翻/弄翻某物It upsets sb.that.使某人心烦的是(it 作形式主语)It upsets sb.to do sth.做某事使某人心烦(it作形式主语)She was quite upset at

12、 her losing her job.失业使她相当不安。Shes very upset that you cant come.你不能来让她非常不快。It upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it.让他不高兴的是，谁也没把这事告诉他。It upsets me to think(think) of her all alone in that big house.想到她孤身一人守着那所大房子，我就感到不舒服。语境助记Marys call upset me(让我难过) a lot.She told me she was upset

13、 about(感到心烦) her husband who was getting along well with a rich lady.I wanted to have a talk with her husband，telling him how upset(不安的) Mary was.But my husband insisted that I should not upset myself about(为而自寻烦恼) such a thing because he believed Mary could solve the problem herself. relief n. 减轻，宽

14、慰(教材P12)Itll be a real relief when theyre found.当他们被发现时，这将是一个真正的解脱。(1)with reliefin relief欣慰地，如释重负地It is a relief to do sth.做是让人欣慰的to ones relief令某人欣慰的是(2)relieve v.减轻；解除；救援relieve sb.of.解除某人的She sighed with relief when she heard the good news.听到这个好消息时，她宽慰地松了一口气。It was a great relief to find(find) t

15、hat my family were all safe after the big earthquake.大地震后，看到我的家人都安然无恙，我感到极大的欣慰。He offered to relieve me of that heavy parcel.他愿意帮我拿那件沉重的包裹。 shelter vi.&vt.躲避；保护 n. 住处；遮蔽物(教材P13)They might be sheltering in a cave.他们可能正躲在山洞里。(1)take/seek shelter from.躲避under the shelter of.在的庇护下(2)shelter from.躲避shelt

16、er sb.from.保护/庇护某人以避开You cant shelter your brother from blame in the accident.你不可以庇护你的兄弟，使其免受事故的责难。We took shelter from the heavy rain in a farmhouse.我们在一个农舍里躲避大雨。 desire v. 渴望，期望 n. 渴望，欲望(教材P119)Tour guides need to be independent，outgoing and have a desire to share information.导游需是独立的、外向的并有分享信息的意愿。

17、have a desiredesire to do sth.渴望做某事desire sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事desire that. 渴望(从句中谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可省略)We always desire to live in peace with our neighbors.我们一向希望邻里之间和睦相处。She desires that he (should)come at once.She desires him to come at once.(come)她想让他马上过来。I have a strong desire to improve(i

18、mprove) my life.我很想改善我的生活。名师点津desire用作名词和动词作“请求”、“要求”讲时，其名词性从句(宾语从句、同位语从句等)要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用should动词原形，should可省略。类似的词还有insist，request，suggest，order，recommend，demand等。 satisfaction n. 满意；满足(教材P119)I think tour guides must also get a lot of satisfaction out of seeing other people enjoying themselves.我认为

19、导游们也必须从看到其他人享受自己的生活中得到很多满足感。(1)to ones satisfaction使某人满意的是with/in satisfaction满意地be far from satisfaction令人很不满意，远非令人满意(2)satisfy vt.使满意，使高兴satisfied adj.满足的，满意的be satisfied with对感到满意She smiled with satisfaction.她满意地笑了。To our satisfaction，the problems were solved.令我们满意的是，这些问题得到了解决。She was satisfied(s

20、atisfy) with the outcome of her efforts.她对自己努力的结果很满意。 requirement n. 要求，必要条件(教材P119)Can you think of any jobs where this isnt a requirement?你是否能想起没有任何要求的工作？(1)meet/satisfy ones requirements满足某人的要求for sb.s requirement为某人所需to sb.s requirement根据某人的需求(2)require vt.要求，需要require sb.to do要求某人做require that

21、sb.(should) do要求某人做require doing/to be done需要做To peoples requirement，our government has taken good measures to solve practical problems.根据人民的需要，我们的政府采取了好措施解决实际问题。Some banks also require you to seek(seek) a password.一些银行也要求你寻求一个密码。All cars require mending/to be mended(mend) regularly.所有汽车都需要定期检修。名师点津

22、在requirement后的表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句中，谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”表示虚拟语气。 (教材P11)I find that very hard to believe.我发现那难以置信。【要点提炼】此句中hard to believe这个形容词动词不定式的结构在句中作宾语补足语，说明宾语的性质。(1)O.adj.tov. 结构中的形容词为表示难易等的形容词：hard，difficult，impossible，easy，convenient，nice，tough，pleasant等。在这个结构中动词不定式中的动词与宾语有动宾关系，但使用主动形式。如果动词不定式中的动词

23、为不及物动词，则需加上适当的介词。(2)这个结构还可在句中作表语。Some teachers think maths difficult for some students to study.有些老师认为对一些学生来说数学很难学。The problem she put forward at the meeting is necessary to work out.她在会上提出的这个问题有必要解决。This kind of food you prefer is really nice to eat(eat)你喜爱的这种食物确实好吃。The book is difficult for childr

24、en to read(read)这本书孩子们读起来很难。 (教材P12)I saw she had tears running down her cheeks at lunch today and one of the other teachers gave her a hug.今天吃午饭时，我看到她的眼泪流过脸颊，并且其中的另外一个老师拥抱了她一下。【要点提炼】have sth./sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事或使某物一直处于某种状态。have sb.do sth.叫某人做某事have sth.done让别人做某事；使遭受have sth.to do有事要做The old man

25、 was pleased to have someone to talk to.那位老人很高兴有人跟他说说话。He had his wallet stolen(steal) in the park yesterday.他的钱包昨天在公园被偷了。Ill have someone repair(repair) the bike for you.我会叫人给你修理自行车的。突破(二)情态动词表示推测语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主感悟I cant believe that theyve been missing in the mountains for three days now！They m

26、ust be so frightened.They may have been separated from the other students and couldnt hear anyone when the thunder started，or they might have fallen behind and taken the wrong path. They cant be there.People would have looked there first，Im sure.从上面的句子可知，情态动词可用来表推测，肯定的推测常用must，may，might等；否定的推测常用cant

27、，couldnt，might not。除此之外，情态动词可用于“情态动词have done”，表示对过去的事情进行推测。一、把握推测语气的特点，选择恰当的情态动词。1表示肯定的推测时，各情态动词的语气从弱到强依次为：might may could can must；表示否定的推测时，may not/might not语气较弱，cant/couldnt语气较强。注意：must的否定形式mustnt不表示否定推测，而是表示“不得”或“一定不要”。2情态动词表示推测时，在用法上有一些限制：must只用于肯定句中，意为“一定，准是”。You must be tired after your long

28、walk.走了这么长时间的路你一定累了。can多用于否定句或疑问句中。could可用于各种句式。That cant be Mary shes in hospital.那位不可能是Mary，她在住院。Can the news be true?这条消息可能是真的吗？He could be very smart when he was a child.他小的时候肯定很聪明。may/might用于肯定句和否定句中。They may not know his address.Im not sure.他们或许不知道他的地址。我不确信。She told me that she might go to Haw

29、aii this winter.她告诉我她今年冬天或许去夏威夷。即时演练1单句语法填空He must be tired，for he has been working all day long.Im not sure whether he will come today.He may/might be ill today.Tom has gone to Beijing，so you cant see him in our school now.二、确定推测的时间，正确判断动词时态。1对现在或将来的情况进行推测时，用“情态动词 do”。You must be Mr.Smith.I was tol

30、d to expect you.你肯定是史密斯先生。我被告知你会来。2对此时此刻正在进行的情况进行推测时，用“情态动词 be 动词ing形式”。She may be waiting for you in the entrance hall at the moment.此刻她或许正在入口处等你。The police are stopping all cars.They must be looking for the escaped prisoner.警察正在查车，他们肯定正在寻找逃犯。3对过去的情况进行推测时，用“情态动词 have 过去分词”。I didnt see Alex.He might

31、 have gone home.我没有看到亚历克斯，他或许已经回家了。I couldnt have left my bag on the bus.我不可能把书包落在公交车上。They must have gotten lost or theyd be here by now.他们肯定迷路了否则他们现在已经到这了。名师点津在特定的语境中，“might/could have 过去分词”不是对一件事情是否发生进行推测，而是表示本来可能发生但没有发生，或者本来可能完成却没有完成的动作，有时具有一定的感情色彩。(1)might have done本可以做(却没有)，有时表示很委婉的责备。Honestly

32、，the report might have been better written.说实话，这个报道本可以写得更好。(2)could have done本可能做(却没有做)。He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently.他没有后悔说他做了什么，而是感觉他本可能用另一种方式表达。即时演练2单句语法填空I hear water running.He must be having(have) a bath.They must have arrived(arrive)

33、 in London last week，didnt they?.单句语法填空1Lisa may well not want to go on the tripshe hates traveling.2You cant be hungry alreadyyou had lunch only two hours ago!3Her teacher might not be annoyed because she usually is very patient.4You must be hungry after the long walk.5He may/might have forgotten(f

34、orget)me.I left him 20 years ago.6Theres a lot of noise from next door.They must be having(have) a party.7Jack described his father，who must have been(be) a brave boy many years ago，as a strongwilled man.8The ground is rather wet，so it must have rained(rain) last night.9She must be(be) on her way to

35、 school.I just phoned her home and got no answer.10There is someone outside the gate.Who can it be?.单句改错1He may be at school.Classes begin at 8 oclock.maymust2Im absolutely sure！They must arrive yesterday.I saw their tickets.arrivehave arrived3Are you joking？Mark cant go to Paris.He doesnt have enou

36、gh money.gohave gone4They must live in New York，but Im not sure.mustmay/might/could5The concert must be wonderful last night.Flore is a great conductor.behave been.单句语法填空1Your requirement that she(should) wait(wait) till next week is reasonable.2We sheltered from the rain in a doorway.3He found the

37、movie very exciting to watch(watch)4We must have the work finished(finish) before the hurricane comes.5This restaurant seems to be characteristic(character) of vegetarian dishes.6Much to our relief(relieve)，our performance was fully appreciated by the audience，mostly college students.7I appreciate h

38、is independence(independent) during his college years.8My boss expressed his satisfaction(satisfy) with my recent job.9Led by the experienced guide，we wont get lost(lose) in the forest.10All the students are busy getting prepared for an important exam at the moment.单句改错1They went aboard on the plane

39、 just before it started to take off.去掉on2Satisfying with what I said，my mother agreed that I could go swimming with my classmates.SatisfyingSatisfied3It was great relief to find that my family were all safe.was后加a4Mr Li required the computer equipment referred to was used in every classroom.wasbe5I

40、really hate that when you speak with your mouth full.Its bad manners.thatit.完成句子1去年夏天，我上了一门如何处理有毒气体的课程。Last summer，I took a course on how to deal with poisonous gases.2当他们登上飞机的时候，他核对了他们的名字。He checked their names off as they went aboard the plane.3带有两个门的房间住着舒服。The room with double doors is comfortable to live in.4令我感到满意的是，我的女儿在考试中得了高分。To my satisfaction，my daughter got high marks in the exam.5不是所有的商品都能满足顾客的需求。Not all goods can satisfy/meet the customers requirements.