2022年英语高考不规则动词过去式和过去分词 .pdf

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1、1 1 英语高考不规则动词变化集中识记 2017/1/20 一、 AAA型，即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共9 个）cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt let let let put put put read readread set set set shut shut shut 二、 ABB型，即过去式、过去分词相同。（共41 个）1 过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。（3 个）bring brought brought buy bought bought think thought thought 2 词尾

2、有 -ild，-end 时，只需把d 变为 t 。（4 个）build builtbuilt lend lent lent sendsent sent spendspent spent 3过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。（ 2 个）catch caught caught teach taught taught 4把 -eep 变为 -ept 。（ 3个）keepkept kept sleep slept slept sweep swept swept 5 把 -ell变为 -old 。（ 2 个）telltold told sellsold sold 6过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-

3、ilt。（ 4 个）smell smelt smelt spellspelt spelt feel felt felt spillspiltspilt 7过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t 。（ 3 个）learn learntlearnt meanmeantmeant spoilspoiltspoilt 8过去式、过去分词词尾是d。（ 4 个）saysaid said paypaid paid 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 17 页 - - - - -

4、- - - - 2 2 lay laid laid hear heard heard 9改变元音字母。（11 个）meetmet met get got got sit sat sat find found found hold held held spit spat spat shine shone shone win wonwon hanghunghung dig dug dug lose lost lost 10改变辅音字母。（1 个）makemade made 11 改变元、辅音字母。（4 个）leave leftleft stand stood stood have（has） had

5、 had understand understood understood 三、 ABC型，即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。（共35 个）1 i au 变化。（ 6 个）begin beganbegun drink drank drunk sing sang sung ring rangrung swimswam swum sink sank sunk 2 词尾为 -ow，-aw 时，过去式将其变为-ew，过去分词在其原形后加n。（ 5 个）blow blewblown drawdrewdrawn grow grew grown knowknewknown throw threw throw

6、n （show除外）3 词尾为“ i 辅（ 1 个）e”，过去式将i 变为 o，过去分词多在原形后加n，若那个辅音字母为d 或 t ，须双写 d 或 t 后加 n。（ 4 个）（ give ，hide 除外）drive drove driven write wrote written ride rode ridden rise rose risen 4 过去分词在过去式后加（e）n。（ 5个）break broke broken choose chosechosen 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理

7、- - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 3 freeze froze frozen speakspokespoken wakewoke woken 5 过去分词由过去式加-ten 构成。（ 1 个）forgetforgot forgotten 6 过去分词由原形加（e）n 构成。（ 6 个）be was（were）been eat ate eaten fallfellfallen give gavegiven seesawseen hide hid hidden （hid ）7 词尾为 -ake 时，过去式将其变为-ook ，过去分词在原形

8、词后加-n。（ 2 个）take took taken mistake mistook mistaken 8 原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。（6 个）do did done fly flew flown go wentgone lie lay lain showshowedshown wearworeworn 四、 AAB型，即过去式和原形相同。（1 个）beat beat beaten 五、 ABA型，即过去分词和原形相同。（3 个）comecame come becomebecame become run ran run 六、情态动词型，只有原形和过去式，没有过去分词。（4 个）canc

9、ould maymight willwould shallshould 文中 6 个动词的过去式和过去分词，还有一种规则变化形式。不规则动词相对于规则动词来说，难记得多，是最难对付的一类词。学生难学，老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的，可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法，以期大家在攻克这一难关时，能收到事半功倍的效果。一、原形、过去式、过去分词相同：cost cut hit hurt let put readshut （细心的你一定会发现，这些词中大多数是以字母t 结尾的。）二、原形、过去式相同，过去分词不同：beat beat beaten 名师资料总结 - - -精

10、品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 4 三、原形、过去分词相同，过去式不同：comecame come become becamebecome run ran run come，become，属不规则变化， 但 welcome 属规则动词， 其过去式、 过去分词为： welcomed，welcomed 四、过去式，过去分词相同：(1) 去掉字母组合ee 中的一个 e meetmet met feed fed fed (2) 去掉字母组合

11、ee 中的一个 e, 然后再在词尾加t feel feltfelt sleep slept slept keepkept kept sweepswept swept (3) 词尾为的 ll 去掉一个 l 加 t spellspelt spelt smell smelt smelt spillspiltspilt (4) 过去式和过去分词以aught 或 ought结尾catch caught caught teach taught taught bring brought brought buybought bought think thought thought (5) 将 stand 改为

12、 stood stand stood stood understandunderstood understood (6) 将 ay 改为 aid lay laid laid paypaid paid saysaid said (7) 将 d 改为 t lend lent lent sendsent sent spendspent spent build builtbuilt (8) 将 i 改为 a , o, u等sit sat sat spit spat spat win wonwon dig dugdug (9) 将 ell改为 old telltold told sell sold so

13、ld (10) 词尾加 t learn learntlearnt meanmeantmeant dreamdreamt dreamt spoil spoiltspoilt (11) 有两种过去式和过去分词, 一种是不规则的, 一种是规则的learn learntlearnt learn learned learned shine shoneshone shine shined shined hanghunghung hanghangedhanged smell smelt smelt smell smelled smelled (12) 其它have（has） hadhad hearheard

14、 heard shoot shot shot lose lost lost 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 5 hold held held get got got （AmE gotten ）find found found makemade made leave leftleft 五、三者均不同：(1) 过去式以 ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾blow blewblown fly flew flown g

15、rowgrewgrown knowknewknown throw threw thrown 值得注意的是: showshowedshown或 showed drawdrewdrawn (2) 改 i 为 a 变成过去式、改i 为 u 变成过去分词begin beganbegun drink drank drunk ring rangrung sing sangsung swimswam swum sink sanksunk (3) 改 i 为 o 变成过去式，过去分词以n 结尾drive drove driven write wrote written rise rose risen ride

16、 rode ridden (4) 原形后加 n 变成过去分词drive drove driven rise rose risen eat ate eaten fallfellfallen give gavegiven (5) 过去式后加n 变成过去分词break broke broken choosechosechosen freeze froze frozen mistake mistook mistaken steal stole stolen speakspokespoken take took taken wakewokewoken（或 woke）(6) 其它be was 或 were

17、been dodid done forgetforgot forgotten gowentgone hide hid hidden seesawseen wearworeworn 六、有两种过去式和过去分词，但词义相同。wakewokewoken （或 woke） wakewakedwaked sink sanksunk sink sunksunken 七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义：shine 、hang 的两种过去式和过去分词：shoneshone 照耀shined shined 擦亮hunghung 悬挂hangedhanged 绞死八、两个既可以做过去式，又可以做

18、动词原形的词lie躺卧 lay lain lying （现在分词）lay 放，下蛋laid laid laying find 找到、发现find found found found 创建，成立 found founded founded 九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 6 （一）词义相对：(1) come camecome来 go wentgone 去(2) givegave

19、given 给 get got got （AmE gotten ）获得(3) sleep slept slept睡觉wakewokewoken （或 woke） wakewakedwaked 醒来(4) riserose risen上升、上涨、升起fallfellfallen下降、落下、倒下sink sanksunk sinksunk sunken 沉下 , ( 使) 下沉(5) buybought bought 买 sellsold sold 出售 , 卖(6) taketook taken 带去 bring brought brought 带来(7) teach taught taught

20、教learn learntlearnt learnlearned learned 学习、学会(8) loselost lost丢失、失败find found found 找到win wonwon赢得、（获）胜(9) stand stood stood 站、立 sit sat sat 坐(10) send sent sent 送、寄、发送get got got （AmE gotten ）获得、收到（二）、词义相近：(1) beatbeat beaten . 打, 打败win wonwon赢得、获胜(2) understandunderstood understood 懂, 了解knowknewk

21、nown 知道 , 了解 , 认识(3) getgot got （AmE gotten ）变成、成为、变得become becamebecome 变成, 成为 , 变得gowentgone 变成turn turned turned 变成(4) spend spent spent 花费、度过paypaid paid 支付、交纳cost cost cost 花费、价值为take took taken 花费(5) saysaid said 说、讲speakspokespoken 说、演讲telltold told 告诉、说、吩咐、断定talk talked talked谈话, 讲, 谈论, 议论A-

22、B-B 型变化不定式过去式过去分词基本意义bend bent bent 使变曲bring brought brought 带来；引起；产生buy bought bought 购买；采购catch caught caught 接住；抓住；赶上；染上deal dealt dealt 分配；分给dig dug dug 挖（土）；掘地feel felt felt 触摸（某物）；感觉到名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 7

23、7 fight fought fought 搏斗；奋斗；斗争；find found found 发现；找到；get got got/gotten 收到；接到；得到；成为have had had 有；吃；喝；进行；经受hear heard heard 听见；听说；得知hold held held 拿住；抓住；抱；举行keep kept kept 留下；保留；继续lay laid laid 放置；产（卵）leave left left 离开；把留下；剩下learn learnt learned learnt learned 学；学习；获悉；得知lend lent lent 借出；借给lose lo

24、st lost 失去；丧失；损失make made made 做；制作；制造；使得meet met met 遇见；碰见；相遇babysit babysat babysat 照顾婴儿pay paid paid 付钱；给报酬不定式过去式过去分词基本意义say said said 说，讲sell sold sold 卖；销售shine shone shone 发光；照耀；照射sit sat sat 坐；就座sleep slept slept 睡，睡觉；睡着smell smelt smelt 闻出；嗅；发出气味spend spent spent 用（钱）；花（时间）；度过stand stood sto

25、od 站立；直立；位于；经受teach taught taught 教，教授；传授tell told told 告诉；讲述；吩咐think thought thought 想，思考，认为understand understood understood 懂；理解；领会win won won 赢；获胜；赢得，获得build built built 建筑，建造feed fed fed 喂养hang hung hung 悬挂，吊sweep swept swept 打扫send sent sent 送，派shoot shot shot 射击spit spat spat 吐（痰）spoil spoilt

26、spoilt 溺爱，损坏，破坏flee fled fled 逃离lead led led 引导；致便；领导名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 8 8 mislead misled misled 把引错方向 ; 给带错路mean meant meant 意思是 A-B-A 型变化不定式过去式过去分词基本含义overcome overcame overcome 克服，战胜become became become 变为，

27、成为come came come 到来；出现run ran run 跑，奔跑；A-B-C 型变化不定式过去式过去分词基本含义Be was/were been 有；存在；是；成为begin began begun 开始blow blew blown 吹，刮；吹响break broke broken 打破（断，碎）；损坏，撕开choose chose chosen 选择，挑选，选取do did done 做，干drink drank drunk 喝；饮drive drove driven 驾驶（车）：驱赶eat ate eaten 吃fall fell fallen 落下；跌落；变为fly fle

28、w flew 飞；飞行；forget forgot forgotten 忘记；遗忘；忽视freeze froze frozen （使）结冰；冷冻give gave given 送给；授予；供给；go went gone 去；离去；行驶；通到；到达grow grew grown 变成；生长；发育；种植know knew known 知道，懂得；了解；认识lie lay lain 躺；平卧；（指物）平放ride rode ridden 骑马、自行车等；搭乘ring rang rung （铃等）鸣响；打电话rise rose risen 上升；上涨；起立see saw seen 看见；察觉；领会sh

29、ow showed shown/showed 给看；展出；表明shake shook shaken 颤抖sing sang sung 唱，唱歌speak spoke spoken 说话；会说（某语言）；发言steal stole stolen 偷；窃取swim swam swum 游水；游泳take took taken 拿；服用；乘坐；花费throw threw thrown 投，抛，扔，掷wake woke woken 醒，醒来，叫醒wear wore worn 穿，戴名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心

30、整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 9 9 write wrote written 写，书写；写作，著述forgive forgave forgiven 原谅hide hid hidden/hid 躲，藏dive dove dived 跳水sink sank sunk/sunken 下沉A-A-A型变化不定式过去式过去分词基本含义cost cost cost 价值为，花费；使付出cut cut cut 切；割；剪；砍；削hurt hurt hurt 使受伤痛；刺痛；伤害let let let 允许，让put put put 放，摆；装

31、入read read read 阅读，朗诵shut shut shut 关上，封闭；紧闭；合拢upset upset upset 使人不舒服bet bet bet 确信，打赌hit hit hit 击中set set set 放置一、 AAA型，即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共9 个）cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt let let let put put put read readread set set set shut shut shut 二、 ABB型，即过去式、过去分词相同。（共41 个）1 过去式和过

32、去分词都含有 -ought。（3 个）bring brought brought buy bought bought think thought thought 2 词尾有 -ild，-end 时，只需把d 变为 t 。（4 个）build builtbuilt lend lent lent sendsent sent spendspent spent 3过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。（ 2 个）catch caught caught teach taught taught 4把 -eep 变为 -ept 。（ 3个）名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - -

33、 - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 1 01 0keepkept kept sleep slept slept sweep swept swept 5 把 -ell变为 -old 。（ 2 个）telltold told sellsold sold 6过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。（ 4 个）smell smelt smelt spellspelt spelt feel felt felt spillspiltspilt 7过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t 。（ 3 个

34、）learn learntlearnt meanmeantmeant spoilspoiltspoilt 8过去式、过去分词词尾是d。（ 4 个）saysaid said paypaid paid lay laid laid hear heard heard 9改变元音字母。（11 个）meetmet met get got got sit sat sat find found found hold held held spit spat spat shine shone shone win wonwon hanghunghung dig dug dug lose lost lost 10改变

35、辅音字母。（1 个）makemade made 11 改变元、辅音字母。（4 个）leave leftleft stand stood stood have（has） had had understand understood understood 三、 ABC型，即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。（共35 个）1 i au 变化。（ 6 个）begin beganbegun drink drank drunk sing sang sung 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - -

36、 第 10 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 1 11 1ring rangrung swimswam swum sink sank sunk 2 词尾为 -ow，-aw 时，过去式将其变为-ew，过去分词在其原形后加n。（ 5 个）blow blewblown drawdrewdrawn grow grew grown knowknewknown throw threw thrown （show除外）3 词尾为“ i 辅（ 1 个）e”，过去式将i 变为 o，过去分词多在原形后加n，若那个辅音字母为d 或 t ，须双写 d 或 t 后加 n。（ 4 个）（ give ，h

37、ide 除外）drive drove driven write wrote written ride rode ridden rise rose risen 4 过去分词在过去式后加（e）n。（ 5个）break broke broken choose chosechosen freeze froze frozen speakspokespoken wakewoke woken 5 过去分词由过去式加-ten 构成。（ 1 个）forgetforgot forgotten 6 过去分词由原形加（e）n 构成。（ 6 个）be was（were）been eat ate eaten fallfe

38、llfallen give gavegiven seesawseen hide hid hidden （hid ）7 词尾为 -ake 时，过去式将其变为-ook ，过去分词在原形词后加-n。（ 2 个）take took taken mistake mistook mistaken 8 原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。（6 个）do did done fly flew flown go wentgone lie lay lain showshowedshown wearworeworn 四、 AAB型，即过去式和原形相同。（1 个）beat beat beaten 五、 ABA型，即过去分词

39、和原形相同。（3 个）comecame come 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 1 21 2becomebecame become run ran run 六、情态动词型，只有原形和过去式，没有过去分词。（4 个）cancould maymight willwould shallshould 文中 6 个动词的过去式和过去分词，还有一种规则变化形式。不规则动词相对于规则动词来说，难记得多，是最难对付的一类词

40、。学生难学，老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的，可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法，以期大家在攻克这一难关时，能收到事半功倍的效果。一、原形、过去式、过去分词相同：cost cut hit hurt let put readshut （细心的你一定会发现，这些词中大多数是以字母t 结尾的。）二、原形、过去式相同，过去分词不同：beat beat beaten 三、原形、过去分词相同，过去式不同：comecame come become becamebecome run ran run come，become，属不规则变化， 但 welcome 属规则动词， 其过去式、

41、过去分词为： welcomed，welcomed 四、过去式，过去分词相同：(1) 去掉字母组合ee 中的一个 e meetmet met feed fed fed (2) 去掉字母组合ee 中的一个 e, 然后再在词尾加t feel feltfelt sleep slept slept keepkept kept sweepswept swept (3) 词尾为的 ll 去掉一个 l 加 t spellspelt spelt smell smelt smelt spillspiltspilt (4) 过去式和过去分词以aught 或 ought结尾catch caught caught te

42、ach taught taught bring brought brought buybought bought think thought thought (5) 将 stand 改为 stood stand stood stood understandunderstood understood (6) 将 ay 改为 aid lay laid laid paypaid paid saysaid said (7) 将 d 改为 t lend lent lent sendsent sent spendspent spent 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - -

43、- - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 1 31 3build builtbuilt (8) 将 i 改为 a , o, u等sit sat sat spit spat spat win wonwon dig dugdug (9) 将 ell改为 old telltold told sell sold sold (10) 词尾加 t learn learntlearnt meanmeantmeant dreamdreamt dreamt spoil spoiltspoilt (11)

44、有两种过去式和过去分词, 一种是不规则的, 一种是规则的learn learntlearnt learn learned learned shine shoneshone shine shined shined hanghunghung hanghangedhanged smell smelt smelt smell smelled smelled (12) 其它have（has） hadhad hearheard heard shoot shot shot lose lost lost hold held held get got got （AmE gotten ）find found fo

45、und makemade made leave leftleft 五、三者均不同：(1) 过去式以 ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾blow blewblown fly flew flown growgrewgrown knowknewknown throw threw thrown 值得注意的是: showshowedshown或 showed drawdrewdrawn (2) 改 i 为 a 变成过去式、改i 为 u 变成过去分词begin beganbegun drink drank drunk ring rangrung sing sangsung swimswam swum sink

46、 sanksunk (3) 改 i 为 o 变成过去式，过去分词以n 结尾drive drove driven write wrote written rise rose risen ride rode ridden (4) 原形后加 n 变成过去分词drive drove driven rise rose risen eat ate eaten fallfellfallen give gavegiven (5) 过去式后加n 变成过去分词break broke broken choosechosechosen freeze froze frozen mistake mistook mista

47、ken steal stole stolen speakspokespoken take took taken wakewokewoken（或 woke）名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 13 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - 1 41 4(6) 其它be was 或 werebeen dodid done forgetforgot forgotten gowentgone hide hid hidden seesawseen wearworewor

48、n 六、有两种过去式和过去分词，但词义相同。wakewokewoken （或 woke） wakewakedwaked sink sanksunk sink sunksunken 七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义：shine 、hang 的两种过去式和过去分词：shoneshone 照耀shined shined 擦亮hunghung 悬挂hangedhanged 绞死八、两个既可以做过去式，又可以做动词原形的词lie躺卧 lay lain lying （现在分词）lay 放，下蛋laid laid laying find 找到、发现find found found fou

49、nd 创建，成立 found founded founded 九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆（一）词义相对：(1) come camecome来 go wentgone 去(2) givegavegiven 给 get got got （AmE gotten ）获得(3) sleep slept slept睡觉wakewokewoken （或 woke） wakewakedwaked 醒来(4) riserose risen上升、上涨、升起fallfellfallen下降、落下、倒下sink sanksunk sinksunk sunken 沉下 , ( 使) 下沉(5) buybought

50、 bought 买 sellsold sold 出售 , 卖(6) taketook taken 带去 bring brought brought 带来(7) teach taught taught教learn learntlearnt learnlearned learned 学习、学会(8) loselost lost丢失、失败find found found 找到win wonwon赢得、（获）胜(9) stand stood stood 站、立 sit sat sat 坐(10) send sent sent 送、寄、发送get got got （AmE gotten ）获得、收到（二