2019-2020同步北师大英语必修五新突破讲义：Unit 15 Section Ⅳ　Language Points（ Ⅱ ）（Lesson 2 & Lesson 3） .doc

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1、Section Language Points( )(Lesson 2 & Lesson 3).单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1He is the best man who can finish the assignment(任务)2He had gained himself a reputation(名声) for unfairness.3Soldiers are trained to obey(服从) without question.4He made outstanding(杰出的) contributions in the realm of foreign affairs.

2、5Let us drag(拖) the heavy box out of the cupboard.6He spoke so clearly as not to be misunderstood.7A bright surface will reflect sunlight.8The boy avoided punishment by running away.9You may select whoever you think is suitable.10All students have free access to the library.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1refl

3、ect vt.反映；反射reflection n反射；反映；沉思reflective adj.反射的2repute n名声；名气；声望reputation n名誉，名声3select vt.挑选selective adj.选择的；选择性的selection n选择；挑选4alternate vi.交替；轮流alternative adj.非传统的；另类的5assign vt.分配；指定；指派assignment n作业；任务，工作6lack vt.缺乏，没有lacking adj.缺少的；没有的7access n(使用或见到的)机会，权利accessible adj.可得到的；易接近的；可进入

4、的.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1to some extent在某种程度上2have no alternative/choice but to do别无选择只能做3keep pace with与步调一致4contribute to有助于；导致5select.as挑选作为6put off推迟7take up从事；占据8stand out突出；显眼；杰出9go over复习.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1Now lets go over all the lessons we studied.2You have no alternative but to stay here overnight

5、.3The little boy cant keep pace with his big brothers.4The garden party is put off because of the weather.5The tall tower stood out among the low buildings.6Too much alcoholic drink will contribute to your ruin.寻规律、巧记忆n.bleadj.v.over复合短语variable易变的reliable可靠的horrible可怕的get over克服take over接管knock ove

6、r撞翻背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.Some schools teach how to pass tests so that the students can go to university.有些学校教授如何通过考试，以便学生能上大学。so that目的状语从句他戴了一个面罩，使别人认不出他来。He wore a mask so that no one should recognize him.2.Once I caught him and a friend seeing who could spit the furthest off the school stage！有一次我当场抓到他

7、与一个朋友比赛谁从学校舞台上吐口水吐的最远！catch sb.doing.昨晚，警察抓住他正在偷车。The police caught him stealing a car last night. alternative adj.可选择的；另类的 n. 可供选择的事物；可供(教材P38)Jack had a “traditional” education and Nicholas had an “alternative” one.杰克接受了“传统”教育，而尼古拉斯则接受了“可选择的”教育。an alternative to. 的替代品To stay where I was is my only

8、 alternative.留在原地是我唯一的选择。Im afraid I have no alternative but to report(report) you to the police.恐怕除了向警方告发你以外，我别无选择了。His idea is an alternative to the orginal plan.他的主张是原定计划的备选。名师点津“别无选择只好做某事”还可表示为：cannot but do sth.have no choice but to do sth.cannot help but do sth. reflect vt.反映；反射vi.认真思考；沉思(教材P3

9、8)Our school motto reflects the importance we place on good manners，hard work and success.我们学校的箴言反映了我们对崇尚礼貌、努力和成功的重视。(1)reflect sb./ sth.in sth.映出；反映reflect on/upon仔细想；考虑；反省reflect that.思考(2)reflection n.反映；反射；映像；沉思；深思；思考a reflection on.反映了on reflection经再三思考She could see herself reflected in his eye

10、s.她在他眼里看到了自己。Im sitting in the small yard，reflecting on the plan.我坐在小院子里，想着这个计划。The moon looks bright because of the reflection(reflect) of light.月亮由于光的反射看上去很亮。图形助记 select vt.挑选；选择；选拔(教材P39)Well，select another one then.然后，选择另一个。be selected to do sth.选来做某事select sb./sth.as/ for.选某人/某物为select sb./sth.

11、from.从中挑选selection n.挑选，选择，选拔Four skiers will be selected to represent each country.每个国家将选出四名滑雪者作为代表。We select him as our leader.我们选他作我们的领导。明辨异同select/choose/pickselect强调在广泛的范围内进行“精选或淘汰”，侧重按客观标准进行选择。choose侧重根据个人意愿和判断从众多的对象中进行选择，着重指被选者的优点。pick为口语化，强调“在众多事物之中进行仔细挑选”。用select，choose，pick out填空He looked

12、through the suits and selected the cheapest one for me.Pick out all the words in the poem that suggest despair.He chose his words carefully，hoping to avoid a quarrel. to a certain extent在某种程度上(教材P39)Well，to a certain extent，youre right.在某种程度上，你是对的。to a great/large extent很大程度上，非常to some extent在某种程度上，

13、(多少)有一点to the extent that.达到的程度to.extent在程度上，到程度Success depends to a large extent on attitudes.成功在很大程度上取决于态度。A balanced diet is the key to a healthy life.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this?均衡的饮食对健康生活至关重要。你在多大程度上同意或不同意这一观点呢？名师点津表示“在某种程度上”的短语还有：in some/a/one way，to some/a certain degree

14、等。 set off出发，动身；使爆炸；引发，激起(教材P40).then another student lit a flame to set it off.然后另一个学生点火使火箭发射出去。写出下列句中set off的含义Our drifting team will set off after a while.出发A gang of boys were setting off fireworks in the street.使爆炸His speech set off violence in the crowd.激起set up开办，建立set down放下；记下set out to do

15、sth.动身；开始做某事set about doing sth.开始；着手做某事set aside把放到一边，不理会She set out to break the world record.她一心努力要打破世界纪录。We need to set about finding(find) a solution.我们需要着手寻找一个解决办法。We try to set aside some money every month.我们每个月都尽量存点钱。 lack vt.缺乏，没有 n缺乏，不足(教材P40)I know that I wasnt a willing student and I sho

16、uldnt have been so difficult at school，but it was probably because I lacked confidence in myself.我知道自己上学时不是一个特别上进的学生，我也知道自己本来不该那么叛逆，但那也许是因为我太缺乏自信了。(1)lack for nothing不缺乏；应有尽有(2)lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的be lacking in缺少(3)a lack of缺乏through/for lack of因缺乏no lack of.不缺乏Lacking natural resources，Japan imports

17、 more than 95% of its energy.由于缺乏自然资源，日本所需的能源95%以上需要进口。Lack of experience made John fail in the interview.经验的缺乏使得约翰在面试中失败。The child seems to be lacking in intelligence.这孩子似乎智力低下。 access n. 接近或进入之路；(使用或见到的)机会，权利(教材P40)The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to childrens minds when the

18、y are open and eager to learn.作为老师你可以在孩子们心灵顿开、渴望学习时进入他们的思想。access to.进入的通道get/have/gain/obtain access to.有权进入，有权使用accessible adj.可到达的，可接近的，可用的，可进入的be accessible to.对而言容易接近/进入The court gave him access to his child at weekends.法庭准许他周末看看孩子。The only access to that cottage is across the farmland.到达农舍的唯一通

19、路是穿过农田。The information is there and waiting to be accessible(access) by anyone here.这里的信息，允许在这里的任何人访问。 worthwhile adj.值得(努力、花时间、花钱)的(教材P40)And if what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult，then I know what Im doing is worthwhile.如果我作为老师所做的工作能够帮助将一个像格雷厄姆这样的孩

20、子变成如此成功的一个成年人，那么我知道我所做的一切都是值得的。It is/was worthwhile doing/to do sth.做某事是值得的be worthn. 值得，值be worth doing 某事值得被做be worthy ofn. 值得某事物be worthy of being done/be worthy to be done某事值得被做He who does his duty is worthy of praising.凡是忠于职守的人都值得奖励。I dont think it worthwhile to devote/devoting (devote) so much

21、 time to discussing the matter.我认为花这么多时间来讨论这件事不值得。He notes down everything thats worth remembering(remember)他把值得记住的东西全都写了下来。名师点津(1)表示“很值得做”要用副词well来修饰。(2)worth一般只作表语；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。 (教材P38)Some schools teach how to pass tests so that the students can go to university.有些学校教授如何通过考试，以便学生能

22、上大学。【要点提炼】 so that 在这里引导目的状语从句，意为“为了”，相当于in order that。so that引导目的状语从句时，常与can，could，be able to连用。so.that.如此以至于(that 引导的结果状语从句)so的后面跟副词或形容词。so.that.的句型构成是soadj./adv.that,such.that.的句型构成是such(adj.)n.thatThe teacher speaks so fast that I cant catch the words.老师说得太快了，以至于我听不清楚他的话。He caught such a bad col

23、d that he coughed day and night.他得了重感冒以至于日夜地咳嗽。名师点津“sucha(n)adj.单数名词”结构可以与“soadj.a(n)单数名词”结构互换，其他结构则不可互换。It was so lovely a day that we decided to go outing.It was such a lovely day that we decided to go outing.天气太好了，我们决定去郊游。 (教材P40)Once I caught him and a friend seeing who could spit the furthest o

24、ff the school stage!有一次我当场抓到他与一个朋友比赛谁从学校舞台上吐口水吐的最远！【要点提炼】 句中catch sb.doing sth.意为“发现/撞见某人正在做某事”，动词ing形式在其中作宾语补足语。也可以放在感觉或心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语，常见的动词及短语有hear，feel，listen to，notice，observe，smell，watch等。You wouldnt catch me working on Sunday!你绝对不会看到我在星期天工作！The joke set everybody laughing.这个笑话让每个人大笑。The teache

25、r caught him cheating(cheat) in the exam.老师抓住他在考试中作弊。He saw some birds flying(fly)into the woods.他看见一些鸟正飞进树林中。突破(六)虚拟语气()语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主感悟Now I wish Id done more work，especially in maths.I shouldnt have been so difficult at school.Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion！1.wish

26、后常接宾语从句，从句一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望。2.如果从句表示与现在事实情况相反，则谓语动词用过去时，be 的形式用were，但在单数人称中也可用was；与过去事实情况相反，则谓语动词用过去完成时。一、虚拟语气在wish后的宾语从句中的应用动词wish后的宾语从句中，如果表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望，谓语动词须用虚拟语气。1对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望时，宾语从句的谓语用“would/could/might动词原形”。I wish he would try again.我真希望他能再试一次。I wish I could be of some help.我真希望自己能帮点

27、忙。2表示与现在事实相反的愿望时，宾语从句的谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时。I wish I knew how to operate the new computer.我真希望我知道如何操作这台新电脑。I wish I werent going to Paris.但愿我不用去巴黎。3对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔时，宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时或“could/would have done”的形式。I wish you had come to our New Years party.我真希望你来参加我们的新年聚会了。即时演练1单句语法填空How I wish I knew(know) how to

28、 go to the library.Its too cold.I wish it would become(become) sunny this afternoon.Linda failed the final exam.She wishes she had worked(work) harder.二、should(not)have done 本(不)该做某事1“should have done”表示过去应该做某事却没有做，常含有后悔、责备、埋怨的口气，常译作“本应当”“应当就好了”。“shouldnthave done”表示过去不该做某事却做了，也常含有责备、不满的意思，常译为“本不应该”

29、。With all the work finished，I should have gone to the party last night.昨天晚上当所有的工作完成之后，我本来应该去参加聚会的。You should not have gone back to work yesterday without the doctors permission.你昨天没有得到医生的允许，本不应该回去工作的。We shouldnt have spent our money examining so many people，most of whom are healthy.我们本不该花钱去检查那么多人，他们

30、大多数都很健康。2“should动词原形”表示猜测，表示“可能，该，估计，按理应当”等意义。They should be there by now，I think.我想现在他们该到那儿了。So far as I know you shouldnt have any problems there.据我所知，你们在那儿不应该有什么麻烦。即时演练2单句语法填空He requested that he (should)get(get) more help from us.It was suggested that we (should) put(put) an end to the project.W

31、e were surprised that he should work(work) out such a difficult problem in such a short time.单句语法填空1How I wish I remembered(remember) your address and telephone number!2The officer ordered that all men (should) leave(leave) at once.3I wish I had told(tell) him the way to the supermarket.4I remember

32、it clearly as if it had happened(happen) yesterday.5They suggested that the meeting (should)be put(put) off till next week.6They should have arrived(arrive) at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.7I shouldnt have seen(see) that movieitll give me horrible dreams.8If I had followed his advice yeste

33、rday，I would succeed (succeed)now.单句改错1Tony wished his mother bought him a bike for his birthday.bought前加had2We wish we arrived there two hours earlier.arrived前加had3We wish we paid more attention to our pronunciation.paid前加had4I wish I know the answer to the question.knowknew5I wish you called earli

34、er.called前加had.单句语法填空1The man set off the body bomb in the market.2Only a few people have access to the full facts of the case.3Owing to lack of time，we cannot do more than what we have done.4I often reflect on/upon the beauty and complexity of life.5I caught her smoking (smoke) in the bathroom.6To

35、a certain extent what she argues is true.7I was sent to bed as a punishment (punish)8Hes a bright kid and eager to learn (learn)9Its generally believed that hard work contributes to good results.10Its worthwhile watching/to watch (watch) a movie like this.完成句子1公共汽车抛锚了，因此我们必须步行。The bus broke down，so

36、that we had to walk.2如果你坚持要求涨工资，那么除了辞退你我别无选择。If you insist on your demand for a pay rise，I shall have no alternative but to dismiss you.3做这个试验证明是值得的。It proved worthwhile to do the experiment.4我们选她作为我们的代表去参加会议。We selected her to represent us to attend the conference.5孩子们的智力发育必须与他们的体格发育齐头并进。Childrens mental development must keep pace with the growth of their body.