2022年高中英语完形填空解题技巧与指导--很好.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语完形填空解题技巧与指导解题步骤 : 1. 通读全文,懂得大意；重视首句信息,跳过空格,浏览全文,从整体上感知全文,懂得文章大意,这是解题的基础；2. 瞻前顾后,避难就易；在懂得文章大意的情形下,结合各选项的意义和用法,遵循先易后难的原就,先解决那些自己有把握的问题；对少数难题,临时跳过,或许在上文中难以判定的题在下文中就有示意或者明显的提示,或许一个在前面 不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗；3. 复读全文,解决残敌；借助已经补全的空格,我们对全文有了更清晰的懂得,可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题；4. 再次复读,补偿疏漏,全部

2、做好后,考生务必要结合自己挑选的答案重新阅读短文内容,确保全文文意连贯；. 综合熟识：一、从所选文章的角度体裁上,以叙为主,叙议结合；高考完形填空题的选材多为具有肯定故事情节的记叙文或是叙议结合、以叙为主、富有哲理的论说文,这是和高考考生的语言水平紧密结合的；高考是各级各类英语测试中相对较简洁的一种, 因而实行了常见体裁中较简洁的记叙文作为题目载 体；因此,短文一般依据时间线索行文, 内部规律清晰层次分明；题 材上,选用真实世界中的语言材料, 考查考生使用语言进行信息猎取 和社会交际的才能,对心理问题、校内生活、奇闻轶事等热点话题继 续关注,并兼顾高考的公正性原就, 不涉及特定地域或人群颜色较

3、浓 的不具有一般性的话题；难 1. 所选的文章大多是有肯定故事情节的记叙文或夹叙夹议的短文,度与高中教材大致相同,长度一般在250 到 300 词之间；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2. 保留提示句； 短文的第一句话多是完整的, 以期给考生制造一个语境,给考生以提示；3. 情形意义挑选为主, 语法挑选填空为辅； 完形填空考查的重点是以对文章的通篇懂得和词汇意义为主,辅；以考查惯用搭配、 常识和语法为4. 单词填空为主,短语或词组的整体填空为辅；5. 规律性强,实词即所谓信息词汇为主（实词中以动词、名词、形容词和副

4、词为主）,虚词为辅；二、从所挖空格的角度. 第一,该题型所选短文一般无标题,但首句通常不设空, 目的是让考生熟悉语言环境, 快速进入主题, 对文章有宏观和整体性的把握,建立正确的思维导向；正文中通常挖去20 个词（组）,平均每 14 词挖一个空格,通常不会出现两个空格前后相连或同一句子挖空超过三个的情形；. 其次,挖去的词汇以实词为主,虚词为辅；语言分为形式和内容两方面,而完形填空题多重视考查语言的内容,这是与承载详细信息的实词紧密相关的；在高考对详细语法规章不断淡化的趋势下,常与语言形式即详细语法条目相关的虚词数量不断下降,目前仅在 3 个空格左右；. 最终,详细挖空的时候遵循“ 重复原就”

5、 ,即挖去的词通常都在保留的 上下文中给出解题的线索； 并且,某特定空格的解题线索多不在本空格所在的 句子,或上一句或下一句, 或上几句或下几句, 所以我们在考场上应逾越空格 所在的单句,结合更宏观的上下文来解题；.三、从所拟选项的角度或在句子中充当同样的语法.同一空格所对应的四个选项一般是同一词性,成分,这个拟选项时所应遵循的最基本的原就；在完形填空题中, 详细的语法规章不再是考查重点, 更强调的是辨别词语之间的微小差异,考查考生对上下文的懂得, 要求考生通过详细的语言环境来做出挑选；所以,所拟出的四个选项往往在语法方面都能成立, 错误选项多半可以和空前、 空后的文字形成某种 考生特别熟识的

6、固定搭配, 具有很强的干扰和困惑作用； 针对这种情形, 考生名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 们在解题过程中就更要紧抓文章主线,站在语篇的高度综合处理各选项的取 舍；. 完型填空题是集词语辨析、词的用法以及搭配、语法、单句懂得、语篇 懂得的考查为一体的综合题, 不但要求同学们具有扎实的基础学问,而且仍要 求必需具备较强的分析懂得、 规律推断才能及语感； 该题型在历届高考试题中 起着重要的作用, 通常从一篇词数 250 左右、难度略低于教材上课文的文章中 设空格 20 个；详细来说,由于短文被挖去一些词,造成信息的中断

7、,做题时,必定会显现思维断层现象； 假如不把握正确的解题思路及步骤,并通过适当的 训练的话, 面对此题时就会束手无策, 久而久之就会对完形填空产生厌烦、恐 惧心理,更不利于才能的提高,不利于临场发挥；详细操作中应留意以下几个的问题一、从单句中挑选答案；这是完形填空考查项目设计最简洁的一种；它相当于一道单项挑选题, 它不需要通过上下文,而是读它本句即能判定出正确答案；例如：MET90 完形填空中的第一句While my father was an officer of the British army in South Africa, we lived in a41 house.四 个 选 项

8、分 别 为 ： A. two-storeyed B.two storeyed C.two-storeys D.two storeys 只要学过构词法, 考生很简洁就能选出正确答案是 A；不过该考查项在完形填空的设计中所占的比例很小；二、查找信息词或信息挑选答案；在一篇完形填空文章中,就一句所言,很难确定正确的答案； 如连续读下去, 就能发觉与问题有关的信息词或信息句子出现,这些词或句往往是直接或间接地提示出正确的答案；Washoe is a young chimpanzee黑猩猩 .She is no41 chimpanzee, though. Scientists are doing a r

9、esearch 42 her. They want to see how civilized 驯化she can 43 .Already she does many things a human being can do. 41.A.foolish B. ordinary C. special D. simple 42.A.for B. by C. to D. on 43.A.experience B. change C. develop D. become 这篇文章的第一个空格,如依据“ 单句懂得” 的方法去解答,明显不行；此段中的最终一句 “ Already she does many t

10、hings a human being can do” 是信息句,它示意我们这是一只非同平常的大猩猩,正确答案明显是 B；空 42的答案,可以依据上下文,特殊是空 41 的信息词 no ordinary,说明科学家们正在这只动物身上做一些讨论工作；因此选 D.on 是正确答案； 空43 的答案,依据上下文,从意义上看,好像 B.change和 C.develop D.become都是正确的答案；但本句中 civilized 是个信息词,它在本句中是过去分词作形容词,作 how 引导的宾语从句中某个系动词的表语,很明显,答案是 D.become；三、依据词的固定搭配和固定句型来挑选答案；词的固定

11、搭配, 特殊是动词的搭配和词语类型试题是完形填空测试的重点,多数题目涉及到动词的语法和各种搭配关系, 这是由动词在句子中的重要性打算的；动词在搭配关系上与名词、 介词、副词紧密相连,测试的范畴较广；这就要求考生多读、多记,对所学短语动词能坚固把握,并能敏捷运用；举例如,at the sight of,fall in love with .四、通过上下文来挑选答案；该项目的设计主要是考查考生的综合分析才能；测试内容包括篇章结构和推理判定才能,这些答案的挑选, 起关键作用的是上下文的关系, 也就是说, 对短文的懂得是特别重要的,这种考查项目的设计所占的比例较大,且难度也大,如从单句或“ 局部” 来

12、分析,所给的四个答案在语法或名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 结构上都是正确的, 如放在全局, 就不肯定正确； 考生必需通过部分上下文甚至全文才能选出正确的答案来；如 The dog seemed to47 his mushrooms and the officers then began to eat their meal, saying that the mushrooms had a very strange 48 butquite pleasant taste.挑选项：A. refuse B. hate C.

13、 want D. enjoy 此句的答案只有看了后文的信息词“began to eat” 和“saying.” 来判定,D ,enjoy 是 .It was an early morning in summer. In the street, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their 41 A. jobs B. homes C. buses D. offices 从信息词“early morning” 和“ sleepy-eyed” 来判定, B. homes 不符合 规律,按生活体会,他们是去上班；这时有些考生

14、就会认为,既然上班,就要去“ 挤公交车” 或“ 去办公室” ；但上班的人也有步行的、骑车的或坐地铁的,也有自己开车去的；人们上班有去农场、煤矿,露天码头,仍有工厂车间,不肯定 去办公室；因此, C. buses和 D. offices 不符合现实生活；.体验过程：短文是以作者的父亲给他童年生活带来的爱与欢快而绽开的回忆与联想；In the depths of my memory, many things I did with my father still live. These things come to represent, in fact, what I call _21_and lo

15、ve. I dont remember my father ever getting into a swimming pool. But he did _22_the water. Any kind of _23_ride seemed to give him pleasure. _24_he loved to fish; sometimes he took me along. But I never really liked being on the water, the way my father did. I liked being _25_the water, moving throu

16、gh it, _26_it all around me. I was not a strong _27_, or one who learned to swim early, for I had my _28_. But I loved being in the swimming pool close to my fathers office and _29_those summer dayfather, who _30_ come by on a break. I needed him to see what I could do. My father would stand there i

17、n his suit, the _31_person not in swimsuit. After swimming, I would go _32_ his office and sit on the wooden chair in front of his big desk, where he let me _33_anything I found in his top desk drawer. Sometimes, if I was left alone at his desk _34_ he worked in the lab, an assistant or a student mi

18、ght come in and tell me perhaps I shouldnt be playing with his _35_. But my father always _36_and said easily, “ Oh, no, it handed me coins and told me to get _38_ an ice cream_37_. ” Sometimes he 名师归纳总结 A poet once said, “ We look at life once, in childhood,; the rest is _39_.第 4 页,共 7 页think it is

19、 not only what we “ look at once, in childhood ” that determines our memories, but _40_, in that childhood, look at us. 21A. desire B. joy C. anger D. worry 22A. avoid B. refuse C. praise D. love 23A. boat B. bus C. train D. bike 24A. But B. Then C. And D. Still 25A. on B. off C. by D. in 26A. havin

20、g B. leaving C. making D. getting 27A. swimmer B. rider C. walker D. runner - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 28A. hopes B. faiths C. rights D. fears 29A. spending B. saving C. wasting D. ruining 30A. should B. would C. had to D. ought to 31A. next B. only C. other D. last 32A. away from B. out

21、of C. by D. inside 33A. put up B. break down C. play with D. work out 34A. the moment B. the first time C. while D. before 35A. fishing net B. office things C. wooden chair D. lab equipment 36A. stood up B. set out C. showed up D. turned out 37A. fine B. strange C. terrible D. funny 38A. the student

22、 B. the assistant C. myself D. himself 39A. memory B. wealth C. experience D. practice 40A. which B. who C. what D. whose 21.A22.D23.D24.C25.D26.A27.A28.D29.A30.B31B.32.D33.C34.C35.B36.C37.A38. C39.A40B. 下面请试着依据老师的解题提示去完成下面这篇介绍美国素有 帝” 之称詹姆士 . 勒布朗；nba 篮球“ 小皇Lebron James isnt the first high school bas

23、ketball player to go straight into the NBA, but hes probably the best. he has the body, skills and the basketball brain of an all-star 全明星球员 . this _1_ was on _2_ as he scored 41 points to take Cleveland cavaliers 克里夫兰骑士队 to a 107-104 win over the new jersey nets 新 泽西网队 on march 28. aged of 19 years

24、 and 87 days, James became the _3 _ player to score 40 or more in the NBA. it was by far James best _4_ , said Cleveland coach Paul Silas. known to his friends _5_ the king, this was the day James earned his crown王冠. but he was _6_ from being a king during a childhood spent in the back streets of Ak

25、ron, Ohio. _7_ many other African-American basketball players, James early years were a _8 _ . his mother Gloria was just 16 when she gave birth to him; he knows nothing about his father. mother and son battled for everything from food to a place to live. _9 _ help from his grandmother and neighbors

26、, James would _10 _ have died when he was young. this spirit of survival has served him well on court, forcing him to take any _11_ he finds. I _12_ losing, I dont like losing, said James of his 41-point display. I _13_ the opportunity for us to win and I was _14_ to capture it. at 2.03 meters, he i

27、s no Yao Ming but this didnt _15_ him being first choice in 2003 NBA draft. This was _16 _ to his strength and skill, much of which he learned from high school American football.although he has a _ 17_ brain, James has never had to concentrate on _18_ . some people think this is a mistake and say he

28、 should have gone to college to _19_ his mind. but James is one of the lucky few who has found fame and fortune _20_ a diploma 文凭. on the court, he is king. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1. a. performance b. activity c. action d. talent 2. a. sale b. exhibition c. show d. d

29、uty 3. a. oldest b. strongest c. tallest d. youngest 4. a. performance b. lesson c. action d. appearance 5. a. for b. as c. by d. with 6. a. well b. far c. deep d. late 7. a. as b. like c. likely d. alike 8. a. fight b. struggle c. battle d. war 9. a. except for b. except c. besides d. without 10. a

30、. certainly b. impossible c. hardly d. probably 11. a. goal b. game c. match d. chance 12. a. hate b. refuse c. object d. reject 13. a. grasped b. seized c. caught d. held 14. a. afraid b. unlucky c. able d. certain 15. a. keep b. forbid c. protect d. stop 16. a. according b. referring c. thanks d.

31、sticking 17. a. fast b. quick c. high d. top 18. a. studying b. resting c. sleeping d. eating 19. a. advance b. march c. increase d. develop 20. a. apart from b. but c. except d. without 答案与解析：这是一篇介绍美国素有nba篮球“ 小皇帝” 之称詹姆士 . 勒布朗成长历程的短文；詹姆士 . 勒布朗,新一代的 nba 篮球王；他,取胜欲望强,得分才能高,把握机会好,简直是一个全才 . 获得 2006 年全明星赛

32、 mvp最有价值球员 ；然而这位年轻的篮球天才的成长过程也布满了艰辛,可谓一路 挣扎；1. d ；talent 是“ 天才” 或“ 天赋” 的意思 . 2. c ； 3 月 28 日当他带领克里夫兰骑士队以 才能显示了出来,在这场竞赛中他一人独得星球员在身体、技术和智力方面的综合素养；107：104 击败新泽西网队时这种 41 分；这种才能指上文所提的全明3. d ； 由上文提到的 19 岁 87 天反推该空强调 james 年纪轻；4. a ； 一场竞赛个人得分过40 分或更多是一种好的表现；5. b ； known as,作为.是出名的 ,符合题意；6. b ； 由下文介绍的童年时期不幸生

33、活反推,那时他仍远不是一个球王；7. b ； 分析语境可知,该空表 像.一样,应填 like；8. b ； 由下文所介绍的童年不幸生活反推,james的童年生活是一种挣扎；9. d ；without 是介词在这里表示“ 假如没有” 的意思,充当条件状语；10. d； 没有祖母和邻居的帮忙, james或许很小的时候就死了；11. d ；take any chance,利用机会 ,符合题意；12. a ；下文的 dont like 示意该空应填 hate；13. b ；seize the opportunity,抓住机会 ,与语境规律相符；14. c ；分析语境可知,该空表 能够 ,应填 abl

34、e；15. d ；stop sb. from doing sth.,阻挡某人做某事 ,符合题意；如将 stop 改为 keep,from 不行省,所以 a 错误；16. c ；分析语境可知,该空表多亏了 ,应填 thanks；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 17. b ；强调 聪慧的、反应快的 ,应用 quick,而不用 fast；18. a ；下文的 college 示意该空应填 studying；19. d ；上高校的目的是开发智力,因此该空应填 develop；20. d ；james成了没有文凭而成名的幸运者；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 7 页