2022年英语中所有修辞手法的解释和例句 2.pdf
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1、英语中所有19 种修辞手法的全部解释和例句1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.例如 :1.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out
2、of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor 隐喻 ,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成 .例如 :1.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy 借喻 ,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如 :1.The kettle boils. 水开了 .2.Th
3、e room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料 .工具代替事物的名称,例如 :Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说 .III.以作者代替作品 ,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气 ,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般 .例如 :1.There are about 100 hands working in hi
4、s factory.(部分代整体 )他的厂里约有100 名工人 .2.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般 )他是本世纪的牛顿.3.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整体代部分)这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.6.Personification 拟人拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物.例如 :1.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.(把夜拟人化)2.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in
5、the woods.(把鸟拟人化)名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 7.Hyperbole 夸张夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果 .例如 :1.I beg a thousand pardons.2.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.3.When she heard the bad
6、news, a river of tears poured out.9.Euphemism 委婉 ,婉辞法婉辞法指用委婉 ,文雅的方法表达粗恶,避讳的话 .例如 :1.He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下 .2.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与妻子关系不融洽.3.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. (去世)11. Irony 反语反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式.如在指责过失 .错误时 ,用赞同过失的说法,而在表扬时 ,则近乎责难的说
7、法.例如 :1.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊(真实含义是应该明确早上的时间观念)2Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. the waiter said to the beggar.12. Pun 双关双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义,借题发挥 .作出多种解释 ,旁敲侧击 ,从而达到意想不到的幽默 .滑稽效果 .它主要以相似的词形.词意和谐音的方式出现.
8、例如 :1.She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise.2.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.3.If we dont hang together, we shall hang separately.13. Parody 仿拟这是一种模仿名言.警句 .谚语 ,改动其中部分词语,从而使其产生新意的修辞.例如 :1.Rome was no
9、t built in a day, nor in a year.2.A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.3.If you give a girl an inch nowadays she will make address of it.15. Antithesis 对照 ,对比 ,对偶这种修辞指将意义完全相反的语句排在一起对比的一种修辞方法.例如 :名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 5 页 - - - - -
10、 - - - - 1.Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Romemore.2.You are staying; I am going.3.Give me liberty, or give me death.17. Oxymoron 反意法 ,逆喻这也是一种矛盾修辞法,用两种不相调和的特征形容一个事物,以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义 .例如 :1.No light, but rather darkness visible.没有光亮,黑暗却清晰可见2.The state of this house is cheerless welc
11、ome.Transferred Epithet: ( 移就) It is a figure of speech where an epithet (an adjective or descriptive phrase) is transferred from the noun it should rightly modify(修饰 ) to another to which it does not really apply or belong. For instance, I spent sleepless nights on my project.1. Rushing thongs, bli
12、nded by the darkness and smoke, rushed up on a street and down the next trampling the fallen in a crazy fruitless dash toward safety. (Robert Silverbury: Pompeii) 在黑暗和浓烟中狂奔的人群,沿着大街小巷踏着倒下的躯体,慌乱而徒劳地向安全地方冲闯。crazy 在形式上是修饰dash,但在语义上是修饰throngs ,表示在火山爆发时,四处奔逃时的疯狂的样子。2. Sometimes they threw (him) bits of fo
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