2022年高考英语主语从句讲解.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载高考英语主语从句定义 ：用作主语的从句叫主语从句,它是名词性从句之一；主语从句的 时态： 不受主句的时态影响和限制；引导主语从句的连接词有：从属连词 : that, whether；和 which whichever；连接代词 : who whoever, whom, whose, what whatever连接副词 : when, where, how和 why ；连接词 ：1. 从属连词： that , whether1）that 引导主语从句只起引导作用,在主语从句中不充当任何成分,that 本身无实际意义, 但不能省略

2、；2） whether 意为 “是否 ”,放在句首句末皆可；由 whether 引导的名词从句做 主语,表语,介词宾语,同位语时！不行用 if 代替；a.That price will go up is certain. b. Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们仍是一个问题；2. 连接代词 who ,what ,which, whatever, whichever, whoever Who, whom, which, what 可以和ever 构成合成词,和 what 一样引导从句,ever 起到强调作用；此类主语从句不

3、能用形式主语 it 引导,它们在句子中担任成分,不能省略,语序为 成分；陈述语序, 既有疑问含义 ,又起连接作用 ,同时在从句中充当各种Which side will win is not clear. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Whatever he did is right. Who killed the scientist remains a question. 1）What 和 that 引导的主语从句的区分：that 只起引导作用,不充当任何成分,没有意思；What 不仅起引导作用,仍要充当肯定成分 主语、宾语或表语 ,意思是：

4、 “什么 ”；What we need is money. That he will come is certain. 2）whatever / whoever 的用法（ ever=no matter -让步状语从句中） whatever / whoever 可以引导主语从句 ,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等 ,不含疑问意义；whatever 相当于 anything that; whoever 相当于 anyone who ；例如 : WhoeverAnyone who wants to enter into this school must take the exam. WhateverAn

5、ything that she did was right. 3. 连接副词 when ,where , how ,why 等；既有疑问含义,又起连接作用 ,同时在从句中充当各种成分；How this happened is not clear to anyone. When he will be back depends on the weather. When well start tomorrow will be told soon. Where the test will be given is not yet decided.4. 主语从句后置 ：为了防止主语冗长 ,句子头重脚轻 ,

6、常常用 it 作形式主语 ,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 例: That we shall be late is certain. - It s certain that we shall be late.1）用 it 作形式主语的结构A. It + be + 形容词 + that 从句obvious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc. 如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 名师归纳总结 B. I

7、t + be + 名词词组+ that 从句an honour, a fact, a pity, etc）如：；）It is a pity/shame that. 遗憾的是 It is a surprise that令人诧异的是 It is a fact that 是事实It is common knowledge that是常识It a pity that we cant go. C. It + be + 过去分词+ that 从句said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, etc如：It is said that Mr. G

8、reen has arrived in Beijing. 第 1 页,共 5 页D. It + 不及物动词或短语+ that 从句 seem ,happen, doesn t matter ,turn out） ；如：It happened that I was out that day. It doesnt matter whether she will come or not. 2 对于以连接代词副词 引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载句：a. Whether t

9、hey would support us was a problem. 3）主语从句中的否定前移b. It was a problem whether they would support us. 当用 it 作形式主语 ,而将主语从句放在句尾时 ,主语从句中的否定词常要前移至主句中；例如 : It doesnt seem that they are from the same university. It doesnt appear that well have a sunny day tomorrow. 5. 留意 ：1）主语从句在句首时,必需由连接词引导,不能省略这些连接词；误： The

10、y should like each other is natural. 正： That they should like each other is natural. 2）在It + be + suggested/advised/ordered/requested/ insisted/required 中, that 从句的谓语也应当用“ should + 动词原形 ”的形式 , should 有时可以省略；主语从句中用陈述语序 数. It is suggested that we should do the experiment a second time. ,后面的谓语动词用第三人称单3

11、 . 用于 It is important / natural / necessary / impossible that.句型中 , 主语从句应使用虚拟语气, 用“ should + 动词原形 ”的形式 , should 有时可以省略；It is important and necessary that we should keep the balance of nature. 4）“ what ”引导主语从句时,谓语动词：常与其后的名词作表语一样,且依据句子的语境而定；eg ：What you left are only several old books. What you said i

12、s of great importance. 5）在 It is funny, strange, surprising, a pity, a shame, no wonder, etc. + that 从句中,有时谓语部分用should + 动词原形,来表达说话者的感情颜色,此时 should 也可省略；6）语气It be + adj./n. + that-clause 与强调句型均有 It be.that. 之类的语言标志 ,但不同的是 :前者中的 that 从句是主语从句 .如删掉其中的 It be 和 that, 就剩余部分不论结构仍是语意都不能成为一个句子 ;但如将后者中的 It be

13、 和 that 去掉 ,就剩余部分的结构和语意仍能构成一个完整的句子 .强调句型译为汉语时可加上 正是 或 就是 之类的字眼 ,而主语从句就不行以 . It is surprising that Mary should have won first place. 令人诧异的是玛莉竟然获得了第一名 . It is Mary that has won first place. 正是玛莉得了第一名 .【强调】6. 主语从句的规律：例 1.When will he come is not known. 正： When he will come is not known. 规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序

14、,即主语在前,谓语在后；例 2. He will not come to the meeting this evening is true. 正： That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true. 规律二、连词 that 在从句中无实际意义,但不能省略；例 3. If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. 正： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. 规律三、 whether

15、 可以引导主语从句,放在句首,但if 不能例 4. That whether he will help others is a fact. 正： That he will help others is a fact. 规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用；例 5. When he will come are a puzzle. 正： When he will come is a puzzle. 规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式；1. What he needs is that book. 2. What he needs are some books. 规律六、 what

16、引导的主语从句,可依据表语打算主句动词的单复数形式；规律七、主语从句为了防止头重脚轻现象,用it 做形式主语,而把从句放在后面；That the earth turns around the sun is known to all. It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun. 1.what / that 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载a._ he said at the meeting surprised us. b._ he

17、turned up at the meeting surprised us. 2. if / whether _you go or stay at home wont make any differences. 3.it What a pity _is _you didnt arrive by daylight.A. there, because B. it, that C. he, when D. that, for 4.no matter how/who/what/where/when We are ready to do _ the country wants us to do. A.

18、what B. which C. no matter what D. whatever 5.It is a pity that you should miss such a good chance. _ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 6. _we ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather .A If B Whether C That D Where 7._ is known to us all is that

19、America is a developed country . 8. ItA Which B As C What C. is water D It D. that water to s known to us all _ a form of energy .A. water is B. that water is 9. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. whether B. that C. what D. when 10.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. i

20、s B. are C. has D have 11. _ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if 12. It is known to us _ where there is pollution, there is harm. A. which B. where C. what D. that 13. - I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball. - _ it made me ne

21、arly mad. A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His break 14.It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time. A.how B. that C. when D. what 15. He made a promise _ anyone set him free he would make him very rich. A. that B. if C. what D. that if 16. They lost their w

22、ay in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night began to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. what; when D. which; what 17. _that they found an unusual plant in the forest. A. It is said B. They are said C. It said D. It says 18. _ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That

23、 C. How D. Where 19. It worried Mary a lot _ she would pass the college entrance examination. A. whether B. if C. that D. how 20. _ is no possibility _ Bob will win the first prize in the match. A. There, that B. It, that C. There, whether D. It, whether 21. _surprised me most was _such a little gir

24、l of seven could play the violin so well. A. That; what B. What; that C. That; that D. What; what 22. _ helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. The person 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 23 . _ she couldn学习必备欢迎下载t understand was _ fe

25、wer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. A. What; why B. That; why C. What; because D. Why; that 24. It was _ he said _ disappointed me. A. What; that B. That; that C. What; what D. That;what 25. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This

26、C. That D. It 26. _leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 27._ makes mistakes must correct them. A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever 28. Is this factory you visited the other day. A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 29.When and why he came

27、 here _ yet. A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not known 30. _ is no reason for dismissing her. A. Because she was a few minutes late C. The fact that she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late 31. _ Tom liked to eat was different fr

28、om _. A. That that you had expected B. What that you had expectedC. That what you had expected D. What what you had expected32._ we go swimming every day _ us a lot of good. A. If.do B. That.do C. If.does D. That.does 33.It _ Bob drives badly. A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is

29、thought that 34.Its uncertain _ the experiment is worth doing. A. if B. that C. whether D. how 35._ the boy didnt take medicine made his mother angry. A. That B. What C. How D. Which 36._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what 37._ you dont l

30、ike him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 38._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 39._is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee. A. That B. Why C. How D. Who 40._well finish translating the book depends on th

31、e time.A. When B. Why C. What D. That 41._he wont go there is clear to all of us.A. How B. What C. Why D. This 42._the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrows meeting. A. If B. Where C. That D. What 43_you come or not is up to you. A. What B. If C. Why D. Whether 44._team will win the mat

32、ch is a matter of public concern. A. Which B. That C. If D. How 名师归纳总结 45 Is this the factory _ some foreign friends visited other day. 第 4 页,共 5 页A that B where C which D the one 46 Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago. A that B where C which D the one - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 1. what / that 2. Whether 学习必备欢迎下载第 5 页,共 5 页3-10 BDA BCBBA 11-20 BDAAD AAAAA 21-30 BCAAD CCACC 31-40 DDDCA ACBDA 41-46 CBDAAB - - - - - - -