2022年高考英语复习名词从句和定语从句.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句；主语从句：在句子中充当主语 主句谓语动词要用单数第三人称；Whoever comes is welcome. 1that 引导主语从句；that 引导主语从句时,仅起连接作用,不作任何成份,不能省略；有时为了保持句子平稳,把 that 从句后置,由形式主语 it 来代替；That she was chosen made us very happy. It made us very happy that she was chosen. it 作形式主语

2、,有几种固定句型：（1）It + be + adj. + that - clause It is natural / strange / important / necessary that. 很自然古怪的是重要的是必要的是 从句中的谓语动词用（should+动词原形 It is important that he should attend the meeting. （2）It + be + n. + that - clause It is a fact that . 事实是 It is an honour that. 特别荣幸 It is common knowlege that. 是常识

3、 It is a pity that. 很遗憾 （3）It + be + 过去分词 + that - clause It is reported that. 据报道 It is believed that. 据信任 It has been proved that. 已证明 It is said that. 据说 特殊提示在表示建议、要求、命令等意义的被动结构中,that 从句中的谓语动词用（should ）+动词原形；It is suggested that the meeting should be held this afternoon. （4）It + seem / happen 等不及

4、物动词 + that - clause It seems / seemed that. 似乎 It happens / happened that. 碰巧 It appears that. 似乎 It seems that he is wrong. 2whether 引导的主语从句 “ 是否”从句在句首时必需用whether ,置于句尾时, 可换用 ifWhether he will come is not clear. It is not clear whether / it he will come. 3wh - 疑问词引导主语从句；有时也可用it 作形式主语,而把wh - 从句后置；Wh

5、at we need is more time. It is more time what we need. Why he did this is not known. It is not known why he did this. 4whatever , whoever ,whomever ,whenever ,wherever 等引名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思导主语从句；Whoever told you to give up smoking was quite ri

6、ght. Whatever caused the accident has not yet been found. 表语从句 位于系动词 be, look remain,seem 等连系动词后充当表语的从名也叫表语从句；1that 引导表语从句：that 不作任何成份,只起连接作用,不能省略；The trouble is that we are short of money. The fact is that he is lying. 2whether 引导表语从句,这时不能换用 if ；The question is whether people will buy it. 3疑问词引导表语从

7、句 The pencil is where is was. The problem was how we could find him. as if,as though 引导表语从句 He looks as if he were angry. 宾语从句：在句子中充当宾语that 引导的宾语从句：that 在从句中没有任何意义,不充当任何成份,可省略；I know that you have met him. Lets suppose that one day this happens to you. He told me that he was wrong. 在动词 think , belie

8、ve,suppose,expect,imagine 等后 is 的宾语从句中的否定词前移；（主 句的主语须是第一人称）I dont think you arc right. 2wh - 疑问词引导的宾语从句；Tell me what you want Do you know who will come at the meeting. 误区警示whose,which ,what 三个词都带有形容词性质：“ 什么” ；which 是有肯定的范畴的；what - 般没有什么特定的范畴；I dont know which food you want. I dont know what he wants

9、. whose “ 谁的” ,which “ 哪一个” ,what3假如宾语从句仍有自己的补语,应用 it 作形式宾语,而把从句后置；这样的动词有 make,believe ,find, feel,consider , think 等；We think it strange that Tom dont go to school yesterday4可以用 whatever ,whoever ,whomever , whenever ,wherever 等引导宾语从句；Please write down whatever he is satying. I dont know whoever wi

10、ll come. 同位语从句：在句中充当同位语；1that 引导同位语从句；在以下名词后可用 that 引导同位语从句： answer,belief, doubt ,fact,hope,idea,information ,knowledge , law,news,opinion , plan,suggestion,thought ,truth 等；l had no idea that you were here. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思The story goes

11、that William killed his wife. 误区警示同位语从句引导词无意义,不充当成份,不行省略；同位语从句与其说明的名词或代词应为同一内容；同位语从旬前一般没有逗号；2在 no idea 后可用 wh - 疑问词引导同位语从句；I have no idea where he has gone. I have no idea what he said. 辨析比较：（1）that 引导定从句和 that 引导同位从句的区分：that 引导的定语从句是对先行词加以修饰限制,that 在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语；而同位语从句是说明名词中心词的详细内容,that 在同位语从句中不作

12、任何成份,只起连接作用；He told me the news that our team won.（that 引导同位语从句）He told me the news thatwhich was very exciting.（that 引导定语从句在从句中作主语）We are interested the news that some foreigners will visit our school.（同位语从句）We are interested in the news that he told us.（定语从句, that 在从句中作宾语）（2） whether 与 if 在名词性从句中的

13、用法区分：whether 和 if 表示“ 是否” 之意,引导宾语从句时,二者可换用；He asked if he would come. He asked whether he would come. 连词 whether 引导主语从句、表语从句时,不行换用 if；Whether he will attend the meeting is uncertain. The question is whether he will come. 宾语从句中,whether 常与 or not 搭配, if 就不行以；I dont care whether or not she will attend

14、the meeting. whether 可用在介词后,或带to 的不定式前, if 就不行；Im not sure of whether it will rain or not. I have no idea whether to go there by bus. 某些动词（如discuss）后面只能用whether ,不用 if；We discusses whether we should make a change in our plan. 3动词 doubt 后跟宾语从句时,在确定句中用 whether 或 if 引导宾语从句；在否定句、疑问句中用 that 引导宾语从句； that

15、you had turned a deaf ear to your mothers advice. 我认为你失败的缘由是你不听你母亲的忠告；留意： 在“the reason why sBdoes sth. is that - 从句” 的结构中,that 不能换成 because；基本才能训练单项挑选从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出可以填人空白处的正确选项；1hope _ happy whiIe you are here Ayou to be Bfor your being Cyou will be Dyou being 2You will realize _ break the law w

16、ill be punished. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思Athat those who Bthat those that Cwhoever Dthose whoever 3 I misspelt a word here in the sentence. Well, thats _you were mistaken.（）AwhenB what CwhereDwhy 4 It was 3 oclock _ we arrived at the village. Oh, i

17、t was also at 3 oclock _ we arrived at the village. Awhen；when Bwhen；that Cthat ；that Dthat ；when 5_ air is to us is _ water is to fish. AThat；that BWhat ；that DWhat；what CThat；what 6Can you make sure _ the gold ring. Awhere Alice had put Bwhere had Alice had put Cwhere has Alice put Dwhere Alice ha

18、s put 7_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. B That AWhat CThe fact DThe matter 8I remember _ this used to be a quiet village. Awhen B how Cwhere Dwhat 9 Do you remember _ he came. Yes, I do. He came by car. Ahow Bwhen Cthat Dif 10Mother made a promise _ I passed the final exam she

19、would buy me a computer. Aif B that whether Dthat if Cwhethe1 11_ you like him or not is none of our business. AIf BWhat CWhether DThat 12_ he looked after the old man year after ye moved us deeply. BWhen AThat CWhy DWhat 13_ we will go outing depends on _ it will be fine day tomorrow. AIf,whether B

20、Whether ,if CWhether ,whether DIf,if 14_ surprised us very much that he had passed the driving test. AWhat B This CIt DThat 15Go and get your school bag, Tom. its _ you left it. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思Athere B where Cwhere them Dthere where 16It l

21、ooked _ it was going to snow again. Aas if Beven if Das Cif 17Lei Feng was always thinking of _ he could help others. Athat Bhow Cwhen Dwhich 18Tom was disappointed that most of the guests _ when he _ at the party: Aleft ；had arrived Bleft ；arrived Chad left ；had arrived Dhad left ；arrived 19The que

22、stion is _ you should do next Awhat Bthat Dwhy Chow 20I know nothing about her but _ she is from Canada. Ahow Bwhen Cthat Dwhy 21It depends on _ we have enough time. B if or not Aif Cthat Dwhether 22_ they dont like us is very clear. AWhat B That Cwhich Dwhere 23.the green typewriter is mine. Do you

23、 know whose typewriter _ . Ais this blue one Bthis blue one Cis this blue Dthis blue one is 24The reason _ nothing on earth is motionless is the earth is in constant motion. Awhy；that Bthat ；why Dthat ；because Cof；that 25I still remember the promise _ he made _ he would give mc a gift for my birthda

24、y. Awhat , that Bthat , that Cthat ,which Dwhich ,which 26I had no idea _ she has gone. Ahow Bwhat Cwhen Dwhere 27The factory _ I worked ten years ago is in the cast of the city. Ahow Bwhat Dwhere Cwhich 28The place _ interested me most was the Chidrens Palace. 名师归纳总结 AwhichBin which 第 5 页,共 17 页Cwh

25、atDwhere - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思29I have no idea _ he will come back from work. Awhere Bthat Cwhen Dwhich 30I will never forget the day _ I first came to the college. Aon which Bwhich Cin which Dthat 31Well remember the day for ever _ we got married. Awhen B which C

26、that Din which 32The girl makes full use of the time _ she can spare. A when B that Con which Din which 33 We had no idea _ Li Hong didnt come to school today. Athat Bwhich Cwhy Dfor which 34Please give me your reason _ you werent here yesterday. Athat Bwhich Dfor that Cwhy 35Is that the reason _ yo

27、u cant tell us. Afor which Bwhy Cthat Dwhat 36These photographs will show you _ . Awhat our village looks like. Bwhat does our village look like Chow our village looks like. Dhow does our village look like. 37_ is to practice using English often. AThat you should do. BWhich you should do. CWhat you

28、should do. DWhatever should you do. 38_ we cant get seems better than _ we have. AWhat；what BWhat ；that CThat；that DThat；what 39_ well go camping tomorrow depends on the AIf BWhether CThat DWhere 40It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. Awhile B that Cif Dwhether 41_ no one likes his idea

29、 made him very sad. AWhat B That CWhich DHow 42 The reason _ he didnt come to the lecture is _ he was very ill that day. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 17 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思Awhy；because Bthat ；because Cthat ；that Dwhy ；that 43_ you say will be of no use now. AWhat B That DWha

30、tever CNo matter how 44After months of search there was little hope _ the lost boy might he found. Athat Bwhich Cwhen Dhow 45_ in the newspaper that the Japanese Minister will arrive next Monday. BIt is said AIt says CIt has said DHe is said 46_ we cant join in the party. AIt is a pity B That is a p

31、ity CIt is a pity that DIt is pity 47_ the headmaster is not coming to the sports meeting at all. AIt seems that BIt seem that CIt seems DIt seemed 48Has it been announced _ the planet are to take off. Awhen B if Cwhich Dwhat 49It is not clear _ he did it. Awho Bwhich Cwhom Dwhy 50The fact _ he did

32、nothing _ all of us. Athat ,to surprise Bthat ,surprised Cwhich ,was surprising Dwhich ,was surprprised 定语从句专项复习（一）1. We should learn from those _ are always ready to help others. A. who B. whom C. they D. that 2. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who _ in China. A. works B. is working C. are

33、 working D. has been working 3 . Tom is the only one of the students who _ to Shanghai. A. have gone B. have been C. has been D. had gone 4. I, _ your good friend, will try my best to help you out. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. which am 5. The old man has two sons, _ are lawyers. A. both of them

34、 B. both of who C. both of whom D. both of they 6. He is a man of great knowledge, _ much can be learned. A. in whom B. about whom C. from whom D. of whom 7 Do you know the man _ just now. A. to who I nodded B. I nodded to C. whom I nodded D. Whom I nodded to him. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 17 页精选学

35、习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思8. The man _ has gone to Japan. A. whom I told you B. that I told you C. whom I told you about him D. I told you about 9. Please pass me the dictionary _ cover is black. A. which B. its C. whose D. which of 10. The radio set _ last week has been out of order.

36、 A. I bought B. I bought it C. which I bought it D. what I bought 11. All the apples _ fell down from the tree were eaten up by the pigs. A. which B. / C. that D. they 12. I can tell you _ he told me last week. A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all that 13. This is the biggest lab _ we have ev

37、er built in our university. A. which B. what C. that D. where 14. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn. A. that B. / C. which D. what 15. Air, _ we breathe every day, is around us all the time. A. that B. / C. which D. it 16. This is the museum _ we saw an exhibition the other day. A. that B. wh

38、ich C. where D. in that 17. This museum is _ you visited the other day. A. that B. which C. where D. the one 18. This is the museum _ you saw the other day. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 19. It is the third time _ late this month. A. that you arrived B. when you arrived C. that youve arriv

39、ed D. when youve arrived20. It was in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon. A. that B. which C. in which D. when 21. We often think of the days _ we spent together on the island. A. when B. which C. in which D. during which 22. Have you ever been to Shanghai, _ I left ten y

40、ears ago. A. where B. which C. that D. when 23. He has left Beijing, _ a meeting is to be held. A. when B. where C. as D. which 24. This is the very place _ Im wishing to live in.A. where B. which C. that D. in which 25. Is it in that factory _ “Red Flag ” cars are made.A. in which B. where C. that

41、D. which 26. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. than 27. Can you solve such problems _ raised by the audience. 名师归纳总结 A. what were B. as were C. that were D. which were 第 8 页,共 17 页28. The reason _ he didnt come was _ he was injured.- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思A. that, because B. why, that C. why, because D. that, that 29. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin. A. that B. as C. it D. what 30. His father died last year, _ made it impo