2022年高中宾语从句总结.docx

《2022年高中宾语从句总结.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年高中宾语从句总结.docx（7页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 一、定义和宾从例句分析宾语从句就是一个句子作动词或介词的宾语；A 作动词的宾语 : I heard the news. 主语谓语动词名词作宾语I heard that he would come here later on. 主语谓语动词一个句子作宾语B 作介词的宾语 : He said nothing about the plan. 主语谓语动词代词作动词的宾语介词 名词作介词的宾语He said nothing about who broke the window last night. 主语谓语动词代词作动词的宾语介词 一个句子作介词的宾

2、语二、带有宾语从句的复合句的构成带有宾语从句的复合句就是用连接词把一个主句和一个宾语从句连接在一起；连接词有：that可省略 ,what, who, when, where, why, which, if, whether, how. 1 He suggested that we should clean the corridor every day. 宾语 2 He told me that he would leave Dalian airport at 8pm. 间接宾语 直接宾语 3 He told me where he was going to travel that summer

3、. 间接宾语 直接宾语4 He wanted to know what the manager had said at the meeting. 叫几个人起来造句 who hadn t passed the exam.when she would leave this building. why she cried last night. where she was going to study. which student was his partner in the short play. if whether Tom could play basketball with him that

4、 morning. how she managed to solve the problem. why water flows from a high position to a lower position. 在例子 4 中,当主句是过去时态时 （一般过去时, 过去进行时, 过去将来时, 过去完成时） ,从句依据不怜悯形必需使用过去时态的一种,（大自然的现象和真理除外）；5 He is wanting to know what I can cook for dinner. who broke the window yesterday. when I can have a holiday. w

5、hy I failed the exam yesterday. where I should have dinner with my friend tonight. which book is the best one. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - if whether I have passed the exam. how my cat escaped from the room last night. 在例子 5 中,当主语是现在时态时 （一般现在时, 现在进行时, 一般将来时, 现在完成时） ,从句可依据

6、不怜悯形使用各种时态；时态：1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态；2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态；3.主句用过去时,从句是真理时,只用一般现在时；三、宾语从句的连接词从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有 that,if,whether. that 引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而 if 和 whether 引导表示 “是否 ”的宾语从句 . He told me that he would go to the college the next year 他告知我他下一年上高校 . I dont know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否仍会有公交

7、车 . Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 没人知道他是否会通过考试 . 连接代词连 接 代 词 主 要 有 who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whoever, whatever, whichever 等 . 连接代词一般指疑问 ,但 what, whatever 除了指疑问外 ,也可以指陈述 . Do you know who has won the game. 你知道谁赢了这一个嬉戏吗 . I don t know whom you should depend on.我不知道你该依靠谁

8、. The book will show you what the best CEOs know. 这本书会告知你最好的执行总裁该明白些什么 . Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone. 你打算好是买诺基亚仍是摩托罗拉的电话了吗 . 连接副词连接副词主要有 when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however 等. He didn t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告知我什么时候我们能再见面 . Coul

9、d you please tell me how you read the new panel. 你能告知我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗 . None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 名师归纳总结 没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到. 第 2 页,共 5 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 二、动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger. 我们都预料

10、他们会赢,由于他们的队员更强壮. He told us that they would help us though the whole work. 他告知我们在整个工作中 ,他都会帮忙的 . 部分 “动词 +副词 ”结构也可以带宾语从句 I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out. 我发觉这场音乐会的全部票都卖光了 . Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip. 你能运算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗 . 动词短语也可以带宾

11、语从句常见的这些词有: s mind 下决心keep in mind 牢记make sure 确保 make up oneMake sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in. 在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误. ,就需要用it 做形式宾语可运用形式宾语it 代替的宾语从句动词 find,feel,consider,make,believe 等后面有宾语补足语的时候而将 that 宾语从句后置 . I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot wate

12、r every day . 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的. t been to the getI feel it a pity that I haven我没去聚会 ,感觉特别遗憾 . I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯 . We all find it important that we should make a quick decision about this mater. 我们都认为对这件事立刻做出打算很重要 . B 有时候可以用 it 作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语从句放在后面；Bad: I thought that

13、 he could finish this job in just two hours impossible. Good: I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours. Bad: He left whether we should continue this project to my judgment. Good: He left it to my judgment whether we should continue this project. 三、介词的宾语从句用 wh-类的介词宾语从句

14、We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 我们正在争论是否让同学加入我们的俱乐部 . The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 这本新书是关于神州6 号载人航天飞船是如何升如太空的. 用 that,if 引导的介词宾语从句I know nothing about my new neighbo

15、r except that he used to work with a company. 对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班 ,其他一无所知 . 四、形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有 : sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised I am sure I will pass the exam. 我确信我会通过考试 . I am sorry that I have troubled you so long. 很愧疚我这么长时间在打搅你 . He is glad that Li Ming wen

16、t to see him when he was ill. 他很兴奋在他生病的时候李明能去探望他 . 五、 if,whether 在宾语从句中的区分 if 和 whether 在作 “ 是否 ” 解时 ,引导宾语从句常放在动词 等之后 ,介词后一般不用 if know,ask,care,wonder,find out 少数动词 ,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt 后的宾语从句常用 whether. whether 后可以加 or not,但是 if 不行以 . 在不定式前只能用 whether. （如： I cant decide whether to stay. 我不能打算

17、是否留下；） 防止歧异时 ,我们常用 whether 而不用 if. 六、哪些宾语从句不行以省略引导词 that that 引导的宾语从句只是起连结作用 省略 . ,本身没有意义 ,在口语或非正式文件中可以例:She said that she was going to study French. 她说她预备去学法语 . 提示 : 1.假如谓语动词后跟有两个或更多个并列的宾语从句,其次个 和第三个 连接词不行省略 . 例:I forgot that my research paper was due on Tuesday and that my teacher had said he woul

18、d not accept late papers. 2.主句中有 it 作形式宾语 ,that 不行省 例:We think it is important that every citizen should have good manners. 3.宾语从句 主语是 this,that 或 this,that 做主语的定语 ,引导词 that 不行省 例:She told me that that night was very cold.她告知我 ,那个晚上很冷 . 4.in that,except that后接宾语从句时 ,引导词 that 不行省 例:Criticism is neces

19、sary in that it helps to correct our mistakes.名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 七、宾语从句的否定转移主句的谓语动词是 think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess 等 ,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时 ,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来 ,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一样 . C 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句；Bad: I think he doesnt like the En

20、glish teacher.t come to my party.Good: I dont think he likes the English teacher.I don t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won我认为他不会来我的舞会. I don t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he. 我认为那个人不是Jim 所杀的 ,是不是 . 八、宾语从句的时态和语序A 宾语从句必需用陈述语序；False: He is wondering when can he finish this dif

21、ficult job. Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job. I only knew he was studying in a western country, but I didnt know what country he was in.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书 ,可不知道是哪个国家 . 当主句为现在时或将来时 ,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响 . 当主句为过去时从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生He asked me if I was reading that

22、book when he was in. 他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读那本书 . 从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already. 他告知我他已经把有关会议的事情告知的了 Mary. 从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the riot. 记者问政府是否会实行必要的措施镇压骚乱 . 假如从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不依据主句的时态而变化The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday. 名师归纳总结 老师昨天说月亮围着地球转. 第 5 页,共 5 页- - - - - - -