2022年高中英语常用短语及句型归纳.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语常用短语及句型归纳1高考高频动词短语（1）act 短语： 4 act as 担任 职务,起 作用act for 代理（某人职务） ,代为（处理某事）act out 表演（对话、故事等）act up 捣乱,出毛病例如：I acted as an interpreter while I was in Xiamen. Mr. Black is acting for the old man in his case. 布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件； The children were acting out the story of the b

2、irth of Jesus. Hes a tough kid and he acts up a lot.（2）break 短语： 11 break away 摆脱,脱离break away from 脱离 ,奋力摆脱 break down 出故障,坏掉,中止,累垮,分解break in 打断,插话,闯入,强行进入break into 闯入 ,破门而入break sth off （使某物）折断,中断某事物,突然停止break out （战争、火灾）突然发生,爆发break out in tears 突然大哭 break the rule 违反规定break through 突围,冲跨 例如 :

3、break up 分解,分裂,拆散,碎开The thief broke away from the police, but was later caught. If you keep on working like that, youll break down sooner or The car broke down just on my way here. If anyone tries to break in, the alarm will go off. If anyone tries to break into the building, the alarm will go off.

4、She broke off a bit of bread and dipped it in the soup. I broke off the conversation and answered the phone. Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out. It may take a long time to break through the problem. In spring the icebergs begin to break up. （3）bring 短语： 18 bring about 引起,导致,使发生bring

5、along 把 带来,领来bring back 拿回来,使复原 bring sb back 送回某人 bring sth / sb back to life 使 生动 /活泼,使 清醒（比较： sth / sb come back to life 复苏,清醒）bring down 使 降低,削减,使 倒下,使 落下bring down / up the price 降价提价比较： the price go down / up 价格下降/上涨 bring in 引进（技术）,赚钱,带来（收入）,吸取 bring on 进展,引起,导致,使前进 bring out 拿出,出版,生产,揭露,阐明,使

6、表现出 bring to 使清醒 bring to use = put to use 对 加以利用名师归纳总结 bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施 （比较：sth come / go into effect 开头实施）第 1 页,共 44 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - bring up 抚养,培育,培育 例如：A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests.

7、Youre welcome to bring along a friend.The government hopes these measures will help to bring down inflation 通货膨胀 . American country music brings in more than $10 billion each year. This new kind of technology was brought in in the early 1980s. Stress can bring on =lead to / result in headaches and o

8、ther illnesses. Jenny opened the cupboard and brought out a couple of bottles. He was brought up by his grandparents. （4）call 短语： 12 call at sp 拜访（某地） ,拜望（某地）call back 回电话比较：call on sb 拜望（某人）,拜访（某人） call for 提倡,号召,要求,需要,去接某人,接走某人call / shout for help 呼救call in 请来,召集,来访,打电话call off 取消 call on / upon

9、号召call out 大声呼喊,叫喊 call sb for sho rt 简称某人 call sb names 谩骂某人 例如：call up 给 打电话,使人想起,号召We called at Mikes house yesterday.All ships sailing on the oceans call for help by radio in English. I ll call for my uncle at Beijing Railway Station.Let s call in a doctor for the little girl. Many of these song

10、s called on / upon the workers to take up the struggle. I shall call on him tomorrow. I heard somebody calling out to me from downstairs. Call me up tomorrow; my number is 536291. Your letter calls up the days when we worked together fifteen years ago. Due to the bad weather, the sports meeting has

11、been called off. （5）come 短语：31 come about 发生,产生 come across 偶然相遇 come along 来,伴同,进展,加油 come at 向 突击come back 回来,想起来,复活come down 下来,下落,传下come down to到达,从一处来到另一处come from来自,诞生于come for来拿,来取come in 进来,进入 come into use 使用起来come into being 形成,产生 come off 脱落,从 离开come on 过来,跟我来,加油,来吧,赶快come on / upon sb /

12、sth 偶然遇见,偶然碰上,偶然发觉come out 露出,出来,显现,出版,发（芽）,（花）开come over to过来,顺便来访,从一个地方来到另一个地方come round / around （非正式）来访,串门名师归纳总结 come to 来到,显现,提及,达到,共计,结果是,清醒第 2 页,共 44 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - come to an end 终止,终止 come to life （变得）活泼,清醒过来 come to oneself 清醒过来,复原知觉come to know 逐步地知道 come to light

13、显露,为人所知 come to / into power 当权,上台come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟come to terms with 情愿忍耐come true 变为现实,成为事实 come up 被提出,上来,走来,上升,抬头,长出来 come up to sb 朝某人走来 come up with 提出,想出（想法） ,找出（答案） ,赶上 例如：A number of educational reforms have come about as a result of the report. I came across an old fr

14、iend of mine in the street the other day. Your English is coming along really well. Come along / on. Dont give up yet.Come along / on. Were all waiting for you.Suddenly, he came at me with a knife. Now, lets come back to what I was saying a moment ago.It is impossible for a dead animal to come back.

15、 Snow was coming down so thickly that I could hardly see through the window. The airplane came down in that field. Where does the film star come from, do you know. Mr Smith came in in a hurry, book in hand = with a book in his hand. The law first came into being in 1912. By the time he came to / int

16、o power in 1951, he was already seventy. How long is it since the electronic computer came into use. The button came off, but he didnt notice it.There is no doubt that the truth will come out one day. The trees turn green and flowers come out. This magazine comes out once a month. Why don t you come

17、 around / round for lunch. Some day youll come to know the mistakes you have made.If they dont come to a decision by midnight, the talks will be abandoned.I ve forgotten her name, but maybe itll come to me later.480 in total. The bill came to His dream of becoming a film star came true at last. A ch

18、ild came up to me and showed me the way. The same problems came up at the meeting yesterday. They came up with the same problems at the meeting yesterday. Searching through the drawer, I came upon the letter Id been looking for.（6）cut 短语： 9 cut away 切除,剪去cut down 砍倒,砍下,削减cut in 插嘴,加塞,插入 cut in line

19、插队cut into pieces / halves 把 切成碎片 /切成两半cut off 切断（线路） ,中断（供应）cut out 删除,剪下来cut the cost of 降低 的成本cut up 切碎,剪碎,剁碎,齐根切掉名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 44 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 例如：He cut away some branches, making it look more beautiful. A lot of trees there were cut down in the past. The electricity w

20、as cut off because of the storm. He was sentenced to death and had his head cut off the next day. Could you cut the pizza up, please. （7）do 短语：31 do about 处理,应对 do and don要与不要 do a good deed 做一件好事 do a lot of walking 走很多路do a test 做试验,做化验do a word puzzle 猜字谜do an experiment / experiments 做试验 do away

21、 with 废止do body-building 做健身操do chores 处理琐事,干家务do housework 做家务活 do make-up 化妆,装扮do observations 观看 do one s best 尽某人最大努力do one s homework 做作业 do research on 从事 争论工作do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙do sb honor = do honor to sb 礼遇某人,对某人表示敬意do sb the favour to do sth 帮某人一个忙做某事do some reading 读书,阅读,看点书do some shop

22、ping = go shopping 购物,买东西do sports = have / play sports = take exercise 进行体育运动,做运动,进行锤炼do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮番做某事do telephone interviews 进行电话采访do the laundry 洗衣服do up 装扮,梳妆,整理,把（衣服,鞋子等）扣 /系好do up ones shoes / hair 系好鞋带 /梳好头do up the button 扣纽扣do well / bett

23、er in 在 方面干得好/更好do with 处理,处置,应付do wrong 做坏事,做错事（比较：do right = do the right thing 做得对）例如：To tell the truth, I dont know how to do with him.I have nothing to do with him from now on. What did you do with that camera you found. The poisonous waste may do great harm to the things around us. Eat more fr

24、uit; it will do good to you. I think I can do better in English this year than last year. Liszt said, “Youve done wrong, but I can see you are truly sorry about it.”I m going to do my best this year.I was only trying to do a good deed. （8）get 短语： 72 get a better understanding of China 更好地明白中国get a f

25、ull mark / full marks 得满分get a lot of satisfaction 得到满意get at 意指,本意是get around = get about 四处走动,活动名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 44 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - get away 移走,拿走,逃脱,逃离get away from 逃脱,逃离get back 回来,回家,取回,找回,退仍get close to 接近 get down 下来,降下get down on ones knees get down to doing sth 开头（做）某事）

26、get in 进入,收成,达到 get in a word 插话get into进入 get sb into使某人陷入get it 接（电话）,应（门）,懂得,懂得get off 下车,脱下（衣服等）get on 上车,过活get on / along with 进展,与 相处get on ones feet （艰巨地）站立起来get out 离开,出去get out of 躲避,防止get over 克服,复原,原谅get up 起床,起身 get across 懂得,度过get through 接通（电话） ,完成（工作） ,通过（考试）get to 到达,抵达get to sleep 入

27、睡,设法睡着get / gain / take possession of 占有,拥有,占据 get ready for 为 做预备（比较： be ready for = be well prepared for = be in preparation for get rid of 除掉,去掉 get sb to do 让某人做为 做好了预备）get the idea for想到 的想法get the message across 传播信息get together 相聚,碰头,联欢 get / be used to sth 习惯于 ,适应于 （比较： be used as sth 被用作 be

28、 used for sth 被用于 ,用来做 be used to do sth 被用于做 used to do sth 过去经常做）get / be dressed 穿衣服 get / be engaged to sb （与某人）订婚 get / be lost 丢失了,迷路 get / be married to sb = marry sb （与某人）结婚 get / be stuck 陷进去,被困住,被难住,遇到困难 get / be tired of 对 感到厌倦,对 失去爱好（比较： get / be tired for 因 而感到疲乏）例如：I m getting on well

29、with my classmates now.How are you getting along with your English. He got the book away from her. The bank robbers used a stolen car to get away. When did you get back from the countryside. Have you got back the book you lent him. “Get down on your knees,” said the Genie, “for I am going to kill yo

30、u.”The dust has got into my eyes. This mistake may get him into difficulties. Before I could get in a word he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening suits. If you knock into someone, or get into his way, you should say, “Excuse me.” or “I When you are in London, you might get in touch wi

31、th a friend of mine. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 44 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - The conductor got off and checked the rails. She got on her bicycle and cycled off. You work too hard. You should get out a bit more. If you dont want to go, I suppose I can get rid of the ticket.We all try to get together

32、 at least once a year at Christmas time. It took us only four minutes to get through the Customs 海关 . I telephoned him, but I just couldnt get through to him.She felt so cold that she got close to her mother. It s time we got down to work.t get in.The theatre was already full, and we couldnThe peasa

33、nts are busy getting in the crops. We didn t get up until lunch time. He got up and walked over to the window. （9）give 短语： 20 give away 赠送,赐予,背弃,泄露,分发give back 归仍,送回give in 投降,让步,屈服give off 释放,发出,放出 烟、光、热等 give out 用完,耗尽,分发,发放give over = hand over 转交,移交give up 舍弃,辞去描述 give a concert 开音乐会give a descr

34、iption ofgive / make a speech 演讲,讲话give a talk 演讲,做报告 give close attention to 亲密关注 give shade in summer 夏天时遮阳give birth to 生婴儿,生产,造成 give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗 give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮忙give sb a message = give a message to sb 给某人捎个口信give sb a second look 再看某人一眼give sb a warm welcome 热闹欢迎某人giv

35、e sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就 向某人提出建议 /忠告 例如：In those days, he used to give away a part of his income to help his friend. Remember not to give i t away to anyone else; its a secret.Both sides argued with reason, and neither would give in. If they are burned, they will give of

36、f poisonous gases. When they made ready to climb the next ridge 山脊 , they found that their oxygen had given out. Our English teacher is giving out the test papers. Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride. All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given up and the search stopped. M

37、ary had to give up her job after her marriage. Mr Black will give us a talk on how to learn English well this afternoon. Could you give us some advice on reading. If you wont have it changed, please give my money back.（10）go 短语： 54 go abroad 出国 go about 四处走走,开头做,着手干 go about from house to house 挨/逐家

38、拜望 go against 违反,违反go ahead 说吧,干吧,领先,走在前面go / walk around 四处走走名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 44 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - go away 走开,离去 go back 回去go beyond 超越 go by 走过,经过, （时间）消逝,过去go down 下来,落下,倒下 go down on one s knees 跪下go for 为 去,努力猎取,主见,适用于go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行go for a job interview 去面试找

39、工作go for a walk / walks 漫步go for sb 对某人也一样 go in for 参与,宠爱go into 具体调查 go into details 细说go off 走开,离去,（闹钟）闹响 go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去go off the air 停止广播（比较：go on the air 开头广播）go on 发生,进行,连续 go / be on diet 在节食go on a holiday 去度假go on a tour to 去 观光（游玩）go on a visit to 去 拜访（参观）go on doin

40、g sth 连续做某事（同一事） 比较： go on to do sth 连续做某事（另一事）go on with sth 连续某事 go out 熄灭,出去,外出go over 复习,过一遍,认真检查,批阅go past 从 的旁边过去 go with 与 相配go up 上升,上涨,增长,攀登go without 忍耐没有 之苦,没有 也行,没有 也能将就应对go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating go straight along 沿着 始终往前走去购物 /钓鱼 /驾船航行 /宿营 /滑冰go through 通过,经受,浏

41、览,认真检查 go through with 完成go to bed （上床）睡觉go to school / work 上学 /上班go to sea 当水手 go to sleep 入睡go to town 进城 go to a movie 去看电影go to the countryside 下乡go home / there 回家 /去那儿go to see a doctor 去看病,去看医生 go bad 变坏 go wrong 出毛病,不对头,做错事,误入歧路 go Dutch 各付各的帐,平摊费用 例如：No one dared to go against the rules.Do

42、 you mind if I open the window. / Do you mind my opening the window. No, go ahead. I went away /off wondering if Id said anything wrong.I m afraid the fish has gone bad.Things will get easier as time goes by. He went by quickly, taking no notice of us. If you really want the job, go for it. Close al

43、l the doors and lock them when you go out. The same goes for windows. I go in for all the competitions. After a short pause, Maria went on with her story. Suddenly the candle went out. Once again I went over exactly what I needed to say. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 44 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Let s

44、 go over what we learned last period.Do you want me to go through this and check your spellings. Unemployment in that country has gone up by a million. It is possible to go without food for a few days. Something s gone wrong with my watch; I must have it repaired.（11）have 短语： 60 have a break 休息一下have a bright future 有一个辉煌的将来have got a cold / cough / headache / fever 感冒 /咳嗽 /头疼 /发烧have a conversation with sb 与某人交谈 比较： have a dialogue with sb 与某人对话have a talk with sb about sth （就某事）与某人进行沟通have a word with sb