2022年高三英语重要知识点.docx

《2022年高三英语重要知识点.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年高三英语重要知识点.docx（43页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 句型 1高三英语重要学问点：高考必考的 40个重点句型would rather that somebody did 宁愿 ;更愿意 表示现在或将来的愿望 would rather that somebody had done 宁愿 ;更愿意 表示过去的愿望 例句 Id rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现在去寄信；Id rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together

2、. 我到愿意你不是个知名演员,这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起；Id rather that I hadnt seen her yesterday. 我愿意昨天没有看到她；句型 2as if/though+ 主语+did/had done 似乎 表示现在或将来的情形用过去时 ;表示过去的情形用过去完成时 参考句型 4 例句 Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her. Alan talked about Rome as

3、 if he had been there. Alan 谈起罗马来就似乎他去过那里似的；句型 3wish +宾语从句 ,表示不大 可能实现的愿望表示现在的愿望：主语 +过去时 ; 表示过去的愿望：主语 +had done; 表示将来的愿望：主语 +would/could do 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 27 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 例句 How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves. 我们同学多么期望有更多的自由时间放松自己 . I failed in the

4、maths exam. How I wish I hadnt wasted so much time playing. What a pity you cant go to the party. How I wish I could dance with you at the party. 句型 4Its high/about time that somebody did should do should 通常不省略 早就该 例句 Its time that you went to school.= Its time that you should go to school. Its high

5、 time that we did something to improve our environment. 该是我们为环保做些事情了；I think its high time that she made up her mind. 我想她该拿定想法了；句型 5情态动词 +动词不定式完成结构的用法could have done 原来可以 表示过去没有实现的可能 ；might have done 原来可能 ;原来应当或可以做某事 实际没有发生 ;含有稍微的批评语气；should/ought to have done 原来该做某事 而实际未做 should not/ought not to ha

6、ve done 原来不该做 实际却做过了,含有批评语气 neednt have done 原来不必做 但是已经做过了 would rather have done 当时宁愿做了某事 实际没有做过 ;否定式 would rather not have done 表达相反意思,两者都有表示 懊悔 之意；句型 6名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 27 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - as, though, although 引导的让步状语从句；留意 although位于句首 ;though位于句首或句中 ;as位于句中 =though；它的词序是把句中强调的

7、形容词、副词、动词或名词放在连词前；以下句 式的变化：例句 参考倒装结构 请留意1. Although/Though Im young, I already know what career I want to follow. Young as/though I am, I already know what career I want to follow. 我虽然年轻,但我已经明白我应当追随什么样的事业；2. Although/Though I respect him very much, I cannot agree with his idea. Much as/though I resp

8、ect him, I cannot agree with his idea. 虽然我很敬重他,但是我不同意他的观点；3. Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. Child省略冠词 as/though he is, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. 他虽然仍是个孩子,却熟悉了很多汉字；4. Although he tried, he couldnt solve the problem. Try as he might, he couldnt solve t

9、he problem. 尽管他努力了,但是他没有解决问题；5. Although it is raining, Im going out for a walk. Raining as it is, Im going out for a walk. 天虽然在下雨,我仍是要出去漫步；6. Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident. 这次意外虽然显得不行思议,却没有人受伤；名师归纳总结 7. Much as I would like to help, I have a lot to do. 虽然我很想帮忙你,但是我有很多第

10、3 页,共 27 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 事要做；8. Object as you may, I will go. 纵使你反对,我也要去；句型 7 before 特别用法 1没来得及 就 例句 The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby. 他仍没有来得及冲进房间救孩子,房顶就塌了；He ran off before I could stop him. 我仍没有来得及阻挡,他已经跑了；To my great disappointment, my

11、 favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with her. 让我特别扫兴的是, 我仍没有来得及和我最喜爱的歌手打招呼,她就已经离 开了；句型 8 before 特别用法 2过了多久才 或动作进行到什么程度才 例句 They walked about fifty miles to the west before they saw a village. 他们西行 50英里才看到一个村庄；The workers worked day and night about three days before everythin

12、g returned to normal. 工人们连续工作 3 天才使一切复原正常；He almost knocked me down before he knew it. 他几乎撞到我了才意识到；We had walked a long way before we found some water. 我们走了很长的路才找到一点水；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 27 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Five years went by before I knew it. 不知不觉,五年过去了；句型 9It was + 时间段 +before . 过

13、了多久才 怎么样 It was not long before 不久,就 It will not be + 时间段 +before . 要过多久 不久 才 before 从句谓语动词要用一般时态 例句 It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position. 不久他就意识到他境况的危急；It was five days before he came back. 五天后他才回来；It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 再过半年你才能毕业；It will

14、not be long before they understand each other. 他们大致不久就会相互明白；句型 10in case of +n. 以防;万一; in case that 以防,万一 谓语动词用一般现在时态或 should+动词原形 例句 In case of fire, what should we do. Please remind me about it in case I forget/should forget. 万一我忘了,请提示我；In case that John comes/should come, please tell him to wait.

15、 Please take your umbrella in case that it rains/should rain. 带上雨伞,以防下雨；句型 11It 强调句型强调句的基本构成： It is/was + 被强调的部分+ who主要指人时 /that + 其余部名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 27 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 分留意 1 这种结构可以强调句子的主语、宾语、状语 等,但是不能强调谓语动词 参考句型 15；原句的谓语动词假如是现在或将来时态,用包括时间,地点,方式,缘由It is that/who .;原句的谓语动词假如是过去时

16、态,用 It was that/who .;强调时间、地点、缘由或方式时不要用 例句 1 when, where 或 how, 必需用 that；I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon. It was I who saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.It was in the street that I saw him yesterday afternoon. 强调地点状语 It was yesterday afternoon that I saw him in the street. 强调时间状语

17、 It was him that/who I saw in the street yesterday afternoon.例句 2 He didnt go to bed until his mother came back. It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed. He didnt do his homework until his father came back from work. It wasnt until his father came back from work that he did his hom

18、ework. 例句 3 Only when you nearly lose someone do you fully realize how much you value him. It is only when you nearly lose someone that you fully realize how much you value him. 只有你快要失去某个人时,你才意识到你是多么敬重他；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 27 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 例句 4 I was late again because the traffi

19、c was very heavy during the rush hour. It was because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour that I was late again. for, 强调句中只能强调由 because引导的缘由状语从句, because不能换成 since, as, now that等 留意 2强调句的疑问结构一般疑问句Is / Was it + 被强调部分+who / that . .特别疑问句特别疑问词 +is /was +it +who / that .What is/was it that .

20、 Who is/was it that . When is/was it thatWhere is/was it that . Why is/was it that . How is/was it that .例句 1 I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon. When was it that you saw him in the street. Who was it that you saw in the street yesterday afternoon. Where was it that you saw him yesterday af

21、ternoon. 例句 2 I dont know when he will come back. 宾语从句疑问词后用陈述句语序 I dont know when it is that he will come back.-How was it that you got in touch with Mr. Smith. 你是怎么和 Smith先生联系上的 . -Trough a friend of mine. 通过一个伴侣；句型 12 主句 表结果 否就 ,要不然 1、祈使句 表条件 + or/or else/ otherwise + 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 2

22、7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2、祈使句 表条件 + and +主句表结果 例句 Hurry up, or youll be late for class. Please call me up before you come, otherwise/or else/or we might be out. 你来之前打个电话,否就,我们或许会出去；Think it over and you will find the answer. Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 得寸进尺；Work hard and you will m

23、ake progress every day. 好好学习,每天向上；句型 13 until 直到 时候 ;not until 直到 才 例句 You are to stay until/till your mother comes back. 你得等到你妈妈回来；The meeting was put off until ten oclock. 会议推迟到十点钟；The villagers didnt realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river. Not until all the fis

24、h died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. 倒装句 等到湖里的鱼全死光了,村民们才意识到污染是多么严峻；He didnt go to bed until his mother came back. It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed.Not until he failed in the exam did he realize that he had wasted much time playing comp

25、uter games. Not until his son came back from school did he go to bed. 句型 14名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 27 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - unless 除非,假如不 =if not例句 I shall go tomorrow unless it rains. 假如不下雨,我明天去；-Shall Tom go and play football. -Not unless he has finished his homework. 除非他完成作业,否就不能出去；I wont

26、 go unless he comes to invite me himself. 除非他本人来邀请我,不然我是不会去的；I wont attend his birthday party unless invited =unless I am invited. 否就我不去参与的生日晚会；句型 15when引导的从句句,when除了用来引导主语从句、宾语从句、时间状语从句、表语从句和定语从仍有一种用法值得关注, 那就是 when引导并列分句, 意思是 这 时突然 ;就在那时 ,强调另一个动作的突然发生； 常用于以下句型中： 1、主语 + be doing when意思是 正在做某事这时 ;2、主

27、语 + be about to do when ;3、主语 +be on the point of doing 例句 意思是 刚要去做某事这时 One day Chuck was on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashed. 有一天,Chuck正在太平洋上飞行, 这时他的飞机突然爆炸了；名师归纳总结 I dont know when he will arrive. 我不晓得他什么时候到达；第 9 页,共 27 页I thought of the happy days when I was in Bei

28、jing. 我想起了在北京时的那段快- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 乐日子；I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world. 上没有武器的日子不久就会到来；I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy cry for help. 我正在河边行走,这时我突然听到一个落水男孩求救；I was about to leave when it began to rain. 我刚要离开,这

29、时下雨了；I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang, announcing the class was over. 做完作业,下课铃响了；I thought of the happy days when I was in France. 我想到了在法国时那段欢乐日子；I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world. 上没有武器的日子不久就会来临；比较 I was walking along the street when I

30、caught sight of a tailors shop. 我正在街上走,这 时我观察一家裁缝店；I was walking along the streets. Just at the moment I caught sight of a tailors shop. 上走；就在那时我观察一家裁缝店；句型 16 while引导的从句 while除了有 当/在 时候的意思外 留意：引导的句子谓语动词只能是连续性动词 .,另外的两层意思也是考查的重点：1while = although 尽管、虽然 ,引导让步状语从句 ;2while的意思是 然而 ;可是 ,常用来表达对比关 系；名师归纳总结

31、- - - - - - -第 10 页,共 27 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 例句 While I admit that the problem is difficult, I dont think that they cant be solved. 尽管我承认这个问题很难,但是我并不认为无法解决；While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings. 虽然我承认他的优点,我也能看出他的缺点；While I was angry with her, I didnt lose my temper. 虽然我很愤怒,

32、但我当时没有对她发脾气；While I understand your viewpoint, I dont agree with you. 虽然我明白你的见解,我仍是不能同意 你；I earn only 120 dollars a week, while she earns 180 dollars. 我一星期只赚 120美元,她却赚 180美元；句型 17where 地点从句 留意 where引导地点从句时, 可以引导定语从句或是规律地点状语从句；当它在定语从句中作地点状语,指代地点时,这时可以用 in which, on which, at which, to which, from whi

33、ch 等结构代替； 但是它引导规律地点状语从句时,没有这样用法；例句 You should put the book where it was. 把书放回原处；Persistent people begin their success where others end in failure. 不屈不挠者从他人失败的地方猎取胜利；名师归纳总结 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者,事竟成；第 11 页,共 27 页Where men are greedy, there is never peace. 人类贪欲不止,世界和平无望；- - - - -

34、- -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Go where you should, keep on studying. 无论你到哪里,你都应当连续学习；That is the building where my father works. 那是我父亲工作的大楼；Yesterday I went to the department store, where I met my teacher. 昨天我去百货公司,就在那儿遇见了我的老师；Thats where a change is needed. 那就是需要变更的地方；We could see the runners very we

35、ll from where we stood. 从我们所站的地方能很清晰地看到赛跑的选手；You should let your children play where you can see them. 你应当让小孩在你的视线所及的地方玩耍；Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.=Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice. 本句 where引导定语从句 有些地方太冷不能种水稻,但可以种马铃薯；请比较下面的句子结

36、构的不同 Potatoes can be grown where it is too cold to grow rice. 本句 where引导地点状语从句 句型 18what引导的从句what在英语中特别活跃 ,它可以用来引导主语从句、 宾语从句、表语从句,但是不用来引导定语从句； 在句子里可以充当主语、 宾语、表语、定语,既可以指人,也可以指物；例句 名师归纳总结 What is the population of the world. 世界的人口有多少 . 第 12 页,共 27 页What did you pay for this picture. 这幅画你付了多少钱 . What i

37、s most important in life isnt money. 人生最重要的并非是金钱；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Will you show me what you bought. 可以把你所买的东西给我看一下吗 . Mary is no longer what she was ten years ago. Mary 已经不是 10年前的她了；句型 19as引导的非限制性定语从句在 as引导的非限制性定语从句中, 连接代词 as在句子中可以作主语、 宾语或表语等,可以指人或物；其在定语从句中的位置比较敏捷,即可以在句子 前面,在句子中

38、间或句子末尾；常用的结构有：as we all know; as is well known to ; as is often the case; as is said/mentioned above; as has been said before; as I told you before; as is evident; as often happens; as can be seen; as is/was expected; as we expect; as I can remember 等；留意 1as通常只指整个句子的内容,不表示部分内容；留意 2as引导的非限制性定语从句通常指 的

39、,表达 好的方面；留意 3as引导限制性定语从句时,常构成事先可以预料到的 料想到the same as ; such as ;so/as as等结构；在从句中既可以指人、物,也可以指整个句子；例句 This is also part of your work, as I told you before. 我曾告知过你,这也是你工作的一部分；The man was a teacher, as was evident from his way of speaking. 样子可明显看出,他是个老师；名师归纳总结 Such ideas as he hits on are worthless. 像他那

40、样偶然想起的想法是无用的；第 13 页,共 27 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Its the same story as I heard from her yesterday. 这故事跟我从她那儿听到的相同；He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find. 他要尽可能找美丽的女孩结婚；Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected. 那些对世界做出庞大奉献的人们应当受到极大的敬重

41、；句型 20which引导的非限制性定语从句也引导限制性定语从句 which引导的非限制性定语从句既可以指整个句子内容,也可以指句子的部分内容 如单词或词组等 ,在句子中可以作主语、宾语动词或介词的、定语等；留意它在句子中的位置：只能放在主句后,不能放在主句前；表达的内容是 不好的、事先没有预料到的 等时,常用 which,只指物；例句 Yellowstone National Park, which is in Wyoming, is one of the most beautiful national parks in the world. 黄石国家公园位于怀俄明州,是世界上最美丽的国家公

42、园之一；The clock, which my grandfather bought, is still in good order. 这时钟是我祖父买的,现在仍走时很准；The picture, for which he paid an enormous amount of money, was a forgery. 那幅画他花了一大笔钱购买,却是幅赝品；名师归纳总结 She changed her mind again, which made us all angry. 她又转变了想法,第 14 页,共 27 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 这

43、使我们大家都愤怒了；I lived three years in Paris, during which time I learned French. 我在巴黎住了三年,在那期间我学了法语；The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect. 天气结果转晴,这是我们没有预料到的；句型 21 1、疑问词 +ever whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however 用来引导让步状语从句,相当于when, where, how 连用；

44、例句 no matter和 what, who, which, Whatever =No matter what may happen, we shall not lose hope. 无论发生什么事,我们都不能失去期望；Whatever reasons you may have, you should carry out a promise. 无论你有什么理由,你都应当遵守诺言；Whoever =No matter who comes, he will be warmly welcome. 都会受到热闹欢迎；Whenever =No matter when it happened, it was certainly not yesterday. 此事无论发生在何时,但绝不是昨天；Whenever you may call, you wil