2022年高考英语语法专题复习：介词.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 介 词定义： 介词是一种虚词,在句中不能单独作句子成分；介词后面一般出名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类作它的宾语；1 介词短语在句中充当什么成分？指出介词短语在句中充当的成分1. He is a writer of promise. 他是一个有前途的作家；2. The book is out of print. 此书已绝版；3. The umbrella was eventually found behind the door. 4. Keeping everything in good order takes energy. 雨伞最终在门后面

2、找到；把一切弄得井然有序很花精力；5. Thoughts are expressed by means of words. 思想通过语言来表达；6. To my delight, he has recovered. 结论：介词短语 /词组在句中作定语,表语,状语,学；科；使我兴奋的是,他已经康复；主/宾补语,或独立成分；2 常见表示时间的介词有哪些？在句中空格上填上适当的介词,并总结其用法规律1. What will happen _ the 22nd century.2. The story of The Long March took place_ the 1930s.3. A terri

3、ble disturbance broke out _ 1989.4. Generally, fishing is forbidden _ Spring.5. Mothers Day falls _the second Sunday of May.6. _ those old days, farmers led a miserable life.7. I received a card posted from the UK _Christmas.8. Reading English aloud _ the morning helps improve our English study. 9.

4、The theft happened_ noon, when all the workers were sleeping.10. Did you witness the traffic accident _ a rainy morning. 11. Traffic jams are quite usual _ Friday afternoon.12. The City Library opened _eight_ the morning_ this week. Z+xx+k 13. Days _ Monday_ Friday are called weekdays 14. It is said

5、 that the railway will be put into use _ three months.15. WW began in 1939 and _ 6 years it came to an end. 16. You may go to have breakfast _6 oclock _ 8 oclock.17. She is always talking _lunch time.18. Your plane leaves at 10 and you should get your package ready _8 oclock. 19. I didnt go to sleep

6、 _ deep into the night.20. China has experienced great changes _ liberation.结论：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 可以连接时间的介词非常繁多；1在某个世纪,某个岁月用介词,详细某一年用介词,在某个季节,在某些日子里 复数 以及 在笼统的上午,下午,晚上都用用介词 in2. 在详细某一天,在某一天的上午,下午或晚上以及在某一天的上午,下午或晚上前有形容词修饰时,要用介词 on3. 在圣诞节用介词 at,但留意： on Christmas Da

7、y；4.在一天的某个特定部分 dawn,sunrise,daybreak,noon,sunset,night 用 at,此时名词前无修饰词；在某时刻用介词 at,时间名词前有 this,that,next,last 修饰时,就不用介词；5. 表示时间起止用 from to 6. 以现在为起点,过多久以后用介词 in , 以过去为起点,过多久以后用介词 after；7. 在 之间用介词 between and ；在 期间用介词 during ；8. 到什么时候为止用介词 by9. 直到什么时间用 until10. 从过去时间点到现在用介词 since学&科& 3 表示地点,方向 / 方位的介词有

8、哪些？依据汉语提示,填写正确的介词1. _在某地点 表示比较小的地方 2. _在某地 表示比较大的地方3. _ the farm 在农场 5. _在 上方4. _ 在 上面 有接触面 6. _在 正上方7. _在 正下方,在 以下8. _在 下方 不肯定是正下方 9. _在 的旁边 比 near 的距离要近 10. _ 在两者之间11. _在两者以上之间 13. _在 对面12. _围绕,在 的四周,在 的四周 14. _在 后边15. _在 之内 表示静态 16. _进入17. _ 从 出来 18. _ 沿着 学 科 网 Z,X,X,K19. _ 横过 平面物体 20. _ 贯穿,通过21.

9、 _ 去 /朝 22. _ 从 地点起23. _ 在 的前面 24. _ 在 的前部25. _ 在 中部 26. _ 在 中心27. _ 在 腹地 28. _ 在 的脚下29. _ 在 的底端 30. _ 在 的后部31. _ 在 的顶部 32. _ 超出 范畴 ,在较远的一边33. _越过34. _靠近结论：表示地点、方向 /方位的介词,数量繁多 如上所述 ,学习时要留意其用法区分；4 表示缘由的介词有哪些？在句中空格上填上适当的介词,并总结其用法规律1. The soldier was severely punished _having disobeyed the order.名师归纳总结

10、 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 这个士兵因违反命令受到了严格惩罚；2. The old man died_ hunger on a cold night.那位老人饿死在一个冰冷的晚上；3. The little girls hands turned red_ cold.小女孩的手冻红了；4. A number of smokers died _ lung cancer.很多吸烟者死于肺癌；5. The pupil didnt go to school _ _ his illness. 这个同学因病未去上学；6. He did

11、it totally _ _ kindness, not for the money.他做那件事完全是出于好意,而不是为了金钱结论：表示缘由的介词主要有：1. for,用于常见结构：thank sb. for doing sth. praise sb. for doing sth. reward sb. for doing sth. scold sb. for doing sth. punish sb. for doing sth. criticize sb. for doing sth. apologize to sb. for doing sth. charge sb. some mone

12、y for doing sth2. of/from, 用于常见结构：die of ；die from ； be tired of ；be tired from; suffer from with anger; with 3. with, 常用于结构： be pleased with；be bored with ；be satisfied with ；be angry with; cold 4. because of,同义表达有：on account of; as a result of; due to; owing to; thanks to 5. out of,接抽象名词,有“出于 ” 之意

13、；5 表示方式的介词有哪些？翻译以下句子,指出画线介词或介词短语的用法1. Most of the time, we communicate each other by email.2. Please fill in the form in pen.3. Man creates lots of things with his hands 4. You shall give me a reply in the form of letter 5. People from different cultures can even understand each other by means of ge

14、stures.6. Its quite strange that the worker trapped underground should have survived on a piece of bread. 7. Only through practice can we gain useful knowledge.8. In order not to be seen by the teacher, she went out of the classroom on tiptoe.结论：表示方式的介词有 by,in,with , on, in the form of, by means of

15、,through 等；6 含介词 to的短语有哪些？用括号中的词的适当形式完成句子1. When come to _repair electric devices, my friend is an expert. 2. We have come to_ realize the importance of selfprotection.名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3. Wood can be used to _make fire.4. Having lived in Hunan Province for ten

16、years ,Ive been used to_eat hot food.结论：遇到含有 to 的短语,要弄清晰 to 是不定式符号仍是介词；假如 to 是介词,宜用动名词作宾语,如 to 为不定式符号,其后用原形；常见含介词 to 的短语为：be/get/become used to 习惯于 be related to和 有联系 be addicted to沉溺于 ；对 上瘾 be opposed to 反对 devote oneself to /be devoted to 献身于 be admitted to被 录用,准进入 be reduced to沦为 reduce to 使 沦为 b

17、e attached to附属于,喜欢,爱恋,仰慕 adjust oneself to使 适应 be adjusted to 适应 / adjust to 适应be adapted to适应 / adapt oneself to 适应 be known to 为 所知 be married to 和 结婚 be sentenced to被判处 be connected to和 连在一起 be exposed to 暴露于 /遭受 /接触 be compared to被比如成 compare to 把 比成 be/become /get accustomed to习惯于,有 习惯 accusto

18、m oneself to使习惯于 be engaged to和 订婚 get down to 着手做 lead to 导致 object to 反对 巩固性练习：1. （10 上海 25） Sean has formed the habit of jogging the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day. A. between B. along C. below D. with2（10 天津 13）My father warned me going to the West Coast because it was crowded with to

19、urists. A. by B. on C. for D. against3.（ 10 四川 5）Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back a big tree. A. in B. below C. beside D. against4.（辽宁 31） I agree to his suggestion _the condition A. by B. in C. on D. to that he drops all charges. 名师归纳总结 5.（北京 29） Would you mind not picking the flowers in th

20、e garden. They are everyones enjoyment. 第 4 页,共 7 页A. in B. at C. for D. to 6.（ 10 重庆 22）The dictionary is what I want, but I dont have enough money A. byB. forC. inD. with7.08 全国 24 Let s learn to use the problem we are facinga stepping stone to future success. A.toB.forC.asD.by8.08 北京 33If you rea

21、lly have to leave during the meeting, you d better leavethe - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - back door. A.forB.byC.acrossD.out9.08 天津 10Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students financial aid.A.in favour ofB.in honour ofC.in face ofD.in need of学 #科#网10.08 安徽 23Fred entered wit

22、hout knocking and,very out of breath,sanka chair.A.onB.offC.intoD.to11.08 湖南 23I thought wed be late for the concert,we ended up getting there ahead of time.A.butB.orC.soD.for12.08 浙江 17Everything was perfect for the picnicthe weather.A.in place ofB.as well asC.except forD.in case ofZ#X#X#K13.08 浙江

23、19 Why are you so anxious. It isnt your problem .A.on purpose B.in all C.on time D.after all14.08 福建 23A great man shows his greatness the way he treats little men.A.under B.with C.on D.by15.08 辽宁 33 I like Mr.Miners speech;it was clear and the A.at B.on C.to D.of16.08 江苏 28 Why do you suggest we bu

24、y a new machine.Because the old one has been damaged .A.beyond reach B.beyond C.beyond control D.beyond description17.07 上海 25Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly sizeand A.on B.from C.by D.in18.07 江西 23Scientists are convinced the positive effect of laughter _physical and

25、 mental health.A.of; at B.by; in C.of; on D.on; at19.07 浙江 19The open-air celebration has been put off the bad weather.A.in case of B.in spite of C.instead of D.because of20.07 全国 23 The manager suggested an earlier date the meeting.A.onB.forC.aboutD.with21.07 全国 16 Some people choose jobs for other

26、 reasonsmoney these days.名师归纳总结 A.forB.exceptC.besidesD.with第 5 页,共 7 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 22.07 北京 21This is a junior school. You should go to a senior school _girls of your age. A.forB.aboutC.fromD.to23.07 天津 4 fire,all exits must be kept A.In place of B.Instead of C.In case of D

27、.In spite of24.07 湖南 22 the silence of the pauses,we could hear each other s breathing and could almost hear our own heartbeats. A.In B.For C.Under D.Between25.07 四川 25Some students often listen to music classes to refresh themselves.A.between B.among C.over D.during26.07 福建 32Although my opinion ,t

28、he old professor didnt come up with his own.A.against B.on C.for D.in27.07 山东 28I have offered to paint the house a weeks accommodation.A.in exchange for B.with regard to C.by means of D.in place of28.06 北京 22 When do we need to pay the balance.September 30.A.In B.By C.During D.Within29.06 辽宁 28Peop

29、le have always been curious how living things on the earth exactly began.名师归纳总结 A.inB.atC.ofD.aboutthose 30.06 福建 23Sorry ,Madam.Youd better come tomorrow because itsthe visiting hours.A.duringB.atC.beyondD.before31.06 江苏 24This new model of car is so expensive that it isthe reach of with average in

30、comes. A.overB.withinC.beyondD.belowof 32.05 全国 10 We hadnt planned to meet.We metchance.D.byA.ofB.inC.for33.05 上海 25John became a football coach in Sealion Middle Schoolthe beginning March. A.onB.forC.withD.at第 6 页,共 7 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 附件 1：律师事务所反盗版维权声明附件 2：独家资源交换签约学校名录（放大查看）名师归纳总结 学校名录参见：/wxt/list.aspx.ClassID=3060第 7 页,共 7 页- - - - - - -