2022年高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit-4.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全高二英语教材学问点总结及重难点解析重点句型 1. She dressed herself as a lawyers clerk. 2. I offer you six times what you have just offered. 3. I never knew so young a body with so wise a head. 4. You shall get justice. 5. Its silly of sb. to do sth. 6. He has no choice but to cry. 7. Id come

2、 to if 1 had time to spare. 8. I offer ten times the money that Antonio has borrowed. Unit19-209. It is not yet known how these were conveyed over a dis- tance of 380 kilometres. 10. In terms of technical development, people were going from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age. 重点词汇 1. merchant n. 商人2. d

3、eny v. 否定3. enemy n. 敌人4. reasonable adj. 合乎情理的5. weakness n. 弱点6. judgement n. 判定7. gentleman n. 绅士8. greeting n. 问候9. envy vt. & n. 嫉妒10. accuse vt. 指控11. fortune n. 机会12. bargain n. & adj. 讨价仍价 的 13. bless vt. 保佑14. legal adj. 法定的名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全15. d

4、eed n. 行动16. requirement n. 需要17. declare vt. 宣布18. court n. 法庭19. justice n. 公平20. therefore adv. 因此21. worthy adj. 值得的22. mercy n. 慈爱23. punish vt. 惩处24. order vt. & n. 命令25. emperor n. 皇帝26. clothing n. 衣服27. dozen n. 一 打28. spare adj. 额外的 vt. 腾出29. average adj. 平均的30. accompany vt. 陪伴31. quality

5、 n. 数量32. square adj. 平方的 n. 广场重点短语 1. pay back 偿仍2. have mercy on 对 表示怜悯3. at the mercy of 任由 摆布名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全4. go about 着手干5. as far as I know 就我所知6. tear up 撕毁7. go down on ones knees 跪下8. tend to 趋于9. in terms of 就 而言10. in the eyes of 在 看来11. 1en

6、d a hand 帮忙12. serve as 作为13. may / might as well do sth. 仍是做某事好14. be seated 就座15. take sb. in one s arms 拥抱某人16. have a hand in 插手短语闯关 以下短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语,请你依据汉语在横线上填人一个正确的词,每个词 4 分, 80 分才能过关,你肯定能过关,做好了闯关的预备吗 .那么我们就开头吧 . 1. pay _ 偿仍；报答2. have mercy _ 对 表示怜悯3. go _ 开头做；着手干4. as _ as I know 就我所知名师归纳总

7、结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全5. tear _ 撕毁；取消 合同等 6. _ the mercy of 任由 摆布或掌握7. go down _ ones knees 跪下8. tend _ 朝某方向；趋于9. _ terms of 就 而言；用 的话；以 的观点10. in the _ of 在 看来11. lend a _ 帮忙12. serve _ 作为；当作13. dig _ 挖出；掘起14. have a _ in 参与；插手；对某事负部分责任15. remind sb _ sth 使某人想起 ；提

8、示16. have sb _ your power 使某人在你的掌握下17. date to =date from 追溯到 18. take _ 发生19. be _ 坐下20. cut _ 切断；割掉；剪掉21. offer _ 贡献；献出；献上22. take _ 拿走；拿开23. send _ 让走开24. _ least 反正；无论如何；至少25. link. 把 和 联系起来 交际用语 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全1. Correct me if Im wrong, but . 2. On

9、e of the most important facts is . 3. As far as I know . 4, You shouldnt forget that . 5. You could, for example 6. What shouldnt be forgotten is . 7. I wonder what I who . 8. Id like to know more about ,. 9. What Id really like to find out is . 10. I m curious about . 单词聚焦 13. accompany vt. 1 陪伴 Sh

10、e accompanied me to the doctors. / The minister was accompanied by his secretary to the hospital. 2 相伴 Lightning usually accompanies thunder. 3 伴奏 The well-known singer W&S accompanied at the electrical organ by his school teacher. 7. bargain 1 bargain n. 交易,合同交易； 协议；廉价买到的东西 A bargains a bargain. /

11、He made a bargain with his wife You take care of the children and Ill cook. / This jacket is a real bargain at such a low price. / Its a real bargain. 2 bargain vi. 常与 with , for 连用 讲价；谈条件 If you bargain with them they might reduce the price, she bargain- ed with the trader till he sold her the frui

12、t cheaply. 比较 charge n. 费用,价钱； v. 要价,收费 charge sb some money for doing sth. 因做某事向人索价此外, charge 仍可作 “看管,负责 ” 解；take charge of sb. / sth. 照管,治理in charge of sb. / sth. 照管,治理in the charge of sb. 在 的治理之下Who is in charge here. = Who takes charge here. This project is in the charge of Mr. Smith. 11. dozen

13、名师归纳总结 dozen n. pl. dozen, dozens 作为实数及用作定语时,复数不加“ s” 一打,十二个pl. dozens 如干；几第 5 页,共 34 页十；很多several dozen exercise-books 几打练习本/ some dozen of people 约十二个人/ some dozens of - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全people 几十个人 / pack pencils in dozens 按打包装铅笔习惯用语： by the dozen 按打运算 / Ive bought a dozen

14、 eggs for dinner tonight. / The institute has dozens of telescopes through which we can observe the satellites tra- velling in space. 3. envy嫉妒；仰慕1 vt. Better be envied than pitied. 宁可让人嫉妒, 不要让人怜悯； / I envy him his success. 我很仰慕 嫉妒 他的胜利；2 n. They only say such unkind things about you out of envy. 他们

15、纯粹出于忌妒才说你这些坏话；/ He was filled with envy at my success. 他非常仰慕 嫉妒 我的成功； 搭配： feel envy at. 对 感到嫉妒 out of envy 出于嫉妒仰慕 envy sb 嫉妒仰慕某人 envy sb sth = envy ones sth 嫉妒仰慕某人某事I dont envy you your journey in this bad weather. 我并不仰慕你在这种坏天气去旅行；【考例 1】 I bought a new type of cellphone, which was the _ of all my cl

16、assmates. A. admire B. wish C. respect D. envy 考查目标 考查词语在详细语境中的用法；答案与解析 D .is the envy of sb. 意为 “ 是某人所仰慕的”；【考点 lO 】expect 的用法 构词： expectation n. C ； U 预料；预期；期望；期望；希望 句型： expect that clause 以为；认为；期望 unexpected adj. 未预料到的名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全 expect to do sth

17、期望干某事 expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事 sb didnt expect sb to do sth 没料到某人会干某事 expect so / not 料想如此不会如此 .as / than sb expected 如 预料比预料更 as is / was / might be expected；as might have been expected果真；不出所料；正如所料 had expected to do sth 表示 “本期望 本想 ,但未实现” ； beyond ones expectation 出乎 某人 意料；料想不到；较预期的更大好 辨析： desir

18、e； expect；hope；want； wish 该组词均可表达愿望,但：expect 表示 “ 期望；期望,希望认为有客观可能；”,有把握,有依据地认为某事将要发生或期望某事的发生,着重信任或hope 表示想做某事或期望显现某种有利的结果,隐含这种期望可以实现,意为“期望于某事 ” ；want 为一般口语用词,指对满意某种实际需要的渴求；wish 表示一种心愿和期望,期望的程度比福；desire 弱,或表示一种不能实现的愿望,也用来表示对人的祝desire 既可作动词；也可作名词；最正式、庄重,强调感情的剧烈和热切,强调“主观愿望的热切性” ,含有“ 剧烈期望做某事 ”的意思；例如：He

19、desires a college education. 他想受高校训练； / I expect that well succeed this time. 我想这次我们肯定会名师归纳总结 胜利； / I hope everything goes well with your work. 祝你工作如意,事事顺心；/ I dont want your child to be 第 7 页,共 34 页spoiled. 我不愿你的孩子被宠坏；/ I wish I had tried more things at college. 我以前读高校时,如能多尝试一- - - - - - -精选学习资料 -

20、- - - - - - - - 学问点大全些事情多好； / How I wish I could buy a house like that. 啊,假如我能买一栋那样的房子该多好； 友情提示： expect 表示 “期望,期望,希望着重信任或认为有客观可能；” ,有把握、有依据地认为某事将要发生或期望某事的发生,【考例 10】 2004 北京春招 I arrived late; I _ the road to be so icy. A. wouldnt expect B. havent expected C. hadnt expected D. wasnt expecting 考查目标 考查

21、expect 的时态所表示的含义；答案与解析 C I hadnt expected 表示 “我当时没有意料到 ” ,与过去的事实情形相反；4. fortune n. 机会；运气make a fortune 发财致富 / push ones fortune 追求名利, 努力抬高自己的位置； 力图发迹 / run a fortune 冒风险 / seek ones fortune 寻求出路,力图发迹 / try ones fortune 碰运气 He made a considerable fortune selling waste materials. 他靠卖废料发了大财；/ Fortune f

22、avours the brave. 【考点 9】 hand 的用法 构词： handshake n. C 握手 handstand n. C手倒立 handtruck n. C 手推车 handwriting n. U 笔迹,书法 handful n. C 一 把；少数；少量 handkerchief n. C 手帕 handbag n. C女用皮包,手提包 搭配： hold out ones hand 伸出手名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全 hold ones hand 握着某人的手 reach ou

23、t for.= reach out ones hand for. 伸手够 raise ones hands = put up ones hands举手 hand down 把 传下去发下去 hand in 上交；递交；提交 hand out 分发；发放；散发 hand over to. 移交给 ,拿给 另一个 go hand in hand with 与 齐头并进 by hand 手工；用手 区分于用机器等 . hand in hand 并进；联合；手拉手；紧密合作. from hand to hand 从一人之手转到他人之手. at hand 在手边；即将到来；即将来临；在近处. a gre

24、en hand 生手；没有体会的人. a handful of 少量的；一把；很少的. be short of hands 缺人手. give / lend sb a hand with sth 在某方面 帮某人一下忙. shake hands with sb = shake ones hand = shake sb by the hand与某人握手. catch / take sb by the hand = catch / take ones hand抓住拉着某人的手. Hands up. 举起手来 . 命令 比较： Hands off. 请勿动手 . 不要用手摸 . 句型： hand s

25、b. sth = hand sth on to sb = hand on sth to sb 把 交给 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全 on the one hand., on the other hand 一方面 ,但 另一方面 可连用, 也可单独使用 第一个 the 和其次个 hand 可以省略 have a hand in doing sth 参与；插手；对 干某事负部分责任【考例 9】 2004 福建 Its certain that he will _ his business to his

26、 son when he gets old. A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over 考查目标 考查 hand over 的意思；答案与解析 C hand over.to sb 把 移交给某人；【考点 6】 hope 的用法 构词： hopeful adj. 有期望的；有前途的 hopefully adv. 有期望地 hopeless adj. 没有期望的；不行救药的 搭配： in the hope of = in hopes of = hoping 怀着 的期望 句型： hope for sth 期望 ；期望 hope to do

27、 sth 既表示愿望又表示对此很有把握 期望 hope that clause 期望 ；预祝 be in the hope / hopes of doing sth 期望 bein the hope / hopes that clause 期望 express the / ones hope to do sth 期望 express the / ones hope that clause 期望 It is hoped that. = Hopefully. 人们期望 名师归纳总结 I hope so. 我期望如此；I hope not. 我期望没有； 我期望不； 第 10 页,共 34 页- -

28、 - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全 had hoped to do sth 或 had hoped that sb would do sth 表示 “本期望 本想 ,但未实现 ” There is little / no / not much hope of doing sth 干某事的期望不大. I s there little / no / not much hope that. 没有干某事的期望 / 可能吗 . . Is there any hope of doing sth. Is there any hope that 有十某事的期望吗

29、. 辨析： desire； expect；hope；want： wish 见本讲考点 10 友情提示：千万不行使用 hope sb to do sth 结构；【考例 6】 2004 江苏 - You havent lost the ticket, have you. - _. I know its not easy to get another one at the moment. A. I hope not B. Yes, I have C. I hope so D. Yes, Im afraid so 考查目标 考查语境中的交际用语；答案与解析 A 依据上下文的语境可以得出答案；1. me

30、rcy n. 慈爱、怜悯They showed little mercy to the enemies. 他们对敌人毫不怜悯； / We were treated with mercy. 人们对待我们很慈爱；have mercy on 对 表示怜悯很怜悯；She was so kind that the showed much mercy on the poor. 她很慈爱对穷人at the mercy of 任由 摆布,受 掌握 She is at the mercy of her emotions. 她完全受自己感情的支配；【考点 2】 order 的用法 搭配： obey orders

31、听从命令 in order that 为了；以便 in order to 为了；以便名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全 in order 整齐；按次序；有条理 out of order 失灵,出故障 take orders from sb = take ones orders 接受命令 send orders to sb 传令给 give an order 下命令 take / have ones order 请某人点菜 keep order 维护秩序. have orders 奉命 句型： order

32、 sb. to do sth 命令某人干某事 order sth to be done 命令干某事 order that sh / sth should + V. 命令干某事 order sb sth 给某人订购某物 in order to do sth; in order that-clause 为了 We used the computer in order to save time. = We used the computer in order that we might save time. 我们使用运算机是为了节约时间； There came an order that.= An

33、order came that. 传来 命令 May I take / have your order. 你点菜吗 .饭店服务员用语 辨析： command； direct； order 三词均意为 “命令 ”,但command 语气较强,多用于正式的场合；direct 语气较弱；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全order 语气较强, 但比较局限和详细, 多用于军事指挥中, 接宾语从句时需用虚拟语气；例如：The men did as their officer had commanded. 士兵遵照

34、长官的命令行事；/ The general directed that his men should retreat. 将军命令他的部下撤退；/ The police ordered the demonstrators to stop. 警方命令示威者停止前进；【考例 2】 1996 上海 - I wonder if I could use your telephone. - _. A. I wonder how B. I dont wonder C. Sorry, its out of order D. No wonder, here it is 考查目标 考查交际用语；答案与解析 C ou

35、t of order 表示 “ 出故障 ” ；【考点 4】 pay 的用法 构词： pay phone 公用电话 payday 发薪日 pay envelope 工资袋 well-paid 高薪的 搭配： pay back 偿仍归仍 借款等 ；报答；报复；回敬 pay for sth 付钱；支付；为 付 m代价 pay off ones debts 仍清 债务 pay sb back for. 报答某人什么 pay ones debt 仍账 pay.a visit = pay a visit to 拜访 ；拜望 get / be paid = get ones pay 领工资；得到酬劳 pay

36、 taxes / rent / the bill 纳税交租金付账 pay ones respects to sb 向某人表示敬意 pay attention to 留意名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全 句型： pay sb some money for doing sth 干某事付给某人多少钱 pay sb + 钱付给某人多少钱 pay for doing sth 为 干 某事付钱 pay + 钱 + for doing sth 为干某事付多少钱 pay sb to do sth 雇某人干某事 辨析：

37、 fee；pay； salary；wage salary 指定期发放的工资,常以一个月或一年为期限,多为白领工作人员或治理部门的人员的工资wage 多用复数 wages,指体力劳动者的工资,指每周所发的工资或计时计件工资pay 指发给军人或其他公务员的“薪水 ” ,常常指永久性的、定期付给肯定数量的钱fee 指为某种专业服务而付出的钱 如付给律师的 ；例如：The fee for the concert is 100 yuan. 音乐会的票价是 100 元；We cant afford private school fees. 我们负担不起私立学校的学费； Its a dirty job bu

38、t the pay is good. 这是份很脏的工作, 但工资不错； My salary is paid directly into my bank account. 我的薪金是直接拨入我的银行户头的；家的平均工资是多少 . Whats the average wage in this country. 这个国【考例 4】 NMET 1998Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 考查目标 考查 get paid 的含义；答案与解析 C get pai

39、d 领工资；得到酬劳；【考点 8】 serve 的用法 构词： service n. 服务 servant n. 仆人,佣人名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页,共 34 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全 service-charge tip n. 服务费,小费 a service industry 一种服务性行业 搭配： serve sb heart anti soul 全心全意为人民服务 serve as / for 某物当 用；用作；起 作用 serve ones turn / need / purpose 适合某人的目的 /需要 / 心愿

40、serve in the army 服役 provide good after-sales service 供应优质 community service 社区服务 go into service 投入使用；去帮佣 in service 当佣人；在职；服兵役；使用中 do sb a great service 帮某人个 大忙；给某人 .大忙 be at ones service 听候某人嘱咐；听凭某人使用. At your service. 愿为您效劳；听候您的嘱咐 句型： serve sb with sth = serve sth to sb 拿用 款待款待某人you. 我能帮你什么忙吗 .

41、be of service to. 对 有用有帮忙有好处 Can I be of any service to 【考例 8】 NMET 1993In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served 考查目标 考查固定短语；答案与解析 B 考查 be served with 固定短语；6. so young a body 名师归纳总结 说明 在一个带有形容词的名词词组中,不定冠词 a / an 通常放在 adj. 的前面；但是,假如 adj.前有

42、so, too, 第 15 页,共 34 页how, quite 时, a / an 应放adj. 的后面；其结构是：so / too / how / quite + adj. + a / an + n. ； He is so good a - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全student. / It is too difficult a job for me. 12. spare 1 adj. 备用的,余外的,剩余的a spare tire 备用轮胎/ spare cash 余款If you have a spare bed, may I stay tonight. / Have you any spare time to help me. 2 n. 节约,抽出spare no effort / pain 不遗余力/ spare no expense 不惜工本/ Please spare me your opinions, just tell me the facts. / Can you spare this