2022年高考英语语法填空教案.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 乐恩特训练个性化教学辅导教案（周课型）校区：百花编 号：授课老师日期2022-9-3 时间19- 21 学 生年级高三科目英语课题高考语法填空方法与技巧程教学目标娴熟把握语法填空的方法与技巧要求语法填空常考的考点教学重难点分析教学过本周学校课 前 准 备学习内容 存在和 要解决 的问题学问要点概述广东高考英语语法填空技巧与方法真题剖析广东高考语法填空题到底考什么？怎么考？请看下面的讨论结果吧；只有数据事实最具说服力；1. 考什么？ 纯空格形式的考点如下表：名师归纳总结 测试内容容物主代词20XX年答案20XX年答 案第 1 页,共 9 页内题号

2、题号冠词35 a 31 Behind/In 33 as 介词39 for 36 after/from 33 his 代词指示代词40 her 34 this/it 人称代词连词不定代词37 Other/So35 同That me 32 宾从 who 从属连词36 定从 where 位 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 并列连词37 but/yet II用所给词的适当形式填空的考点如下：答案20XX年答 案测试内容20XX年内容题号题号非不定式settled 32 to help 动谓-ed 分词34 语动-ing 分词broke 40 results

3、词词谓语动词的时态 , 语态31 形容词或副词的比较级merrily 38 higher 词性转换38 39 natural 依据此表,我们知道,语法填空的考点或考查内容是：1 纯空格题：通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词；2 用括号中所给词填空：通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比 较等级、词类转换等；特殊提示：1 在纯空格题中,两年都没有要求考生依据上下文填写名词、动词、形容词和副词；我们 认为,其缘由有二：一是依据语境估计出要填哪一个名词、动词、形容词或副词,是完形填空要考查的内容,如在语法填空中考查,是越权,是多管闲事；二是“ 语法填空”顾名思义是考语法, 而依据

4、语境填这四类词同语法规章关系不大,与“ 语法填空” 名不符实；不过,less, more, most 等词是可能在纯空格类题中考查的,由于这 涉及到到语法比较等级；2 我们认为,倒装句中的助动词和强调谓语动词的助动词 do, does, did,以及情态动 it, that 等都可能在纯空格题中进行考查,名词的数和全部格也可能在 词、强调结构中的 用括号中所给词填空中进行考查,同学们千万不行忽视；2. 怎么考？第一,请看下表：名师归纳总结 年份短最设题密度题数单词提答案首第 2 页,共 9 页字母文多最最纯空格示题平均大长填长度写长短度词题 字母 题 词 词 2007 197 1 36 5 7

5、 3 4.1 1 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2022 179 2 32 6 6 4 4.5 1 2 短文长度： 170-200 词；3 短文难度：没有超出课标的生词,但有课标单词的派生词；4 短文题材：或表达文化内涵,或给人心灵以启发等；5 考点设置：1 纯空格题：设 6-7 个小题；2 用括号中所给词填空：设 3-4 个小题；6 答案特点：纯空格题：试题要求中已明文规定死了“ 在空格处填入一个适当的词”,即一个小题或者一个空格只能填一个单词；两年高考题的答案印证了这一点；用括号中所给词填空：试题中要求“ 使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”,这个词

6、的正确形 式到底由几个单词组成？两年高考题的答案填一个或两个单词；所填词 答案 都是一些拼写简洁的单词；20XX年高考所填词均长 4.1 个字母,其中,纯 空格的答案只有 2.4 个字母；20XX年所填词均长 4.45 个字母,其中纯空格的答案只有 3.8个字母；两年都有所填词位于句首,此时第一个字母要留意大写；两年都没有要求考生填像 depend on 中的介词 on 这类固定短语中的单词；特殊提示：尽管两年高考中“ 使用括号中词语的正确形式填空” 的答案只填一个或两个单 词,但是我们在平常的训练中应当不局限于此,要训练填一个、两个或多个单词的情形；非谓语动词中, 带 to 的不定式、现在分

7、词的完成式都可能填两个单词；谓语动词的将来时、进行时和完成时等也都可能填两个单词,而现在完成进行时等就可能填三个单词,被动语 态至少都要填两个单词；解题技巧1. 语法填空题 才能要求1、阅读 /懂得语篇的才能 ; 2、分析句子结构的才能 ; 3、娴熟运用语法的才能；2. 语法填空题 解题步骤 . 1、快速浏览全文,把握文章大意和作者写作意图,总体时态；. 2、分析句子结构 -主谓结构 ; . 3、依据上下文把握空格意思；3.语法填空题 空格设计 介词,连词,代词,冠词,纯空格 从句引导词,情态动词,强调组动词等有提示词 谓语动词,非谓语动词,名词,形容词,副词,形容词或副词的比较级或最高级有提

8、示词的解题技巧 分析句子结构上下文语境名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 谓语动词（时态和语态）非谓语动词名词,形容词,副词,形容词或副词的比较级或最高级技巧 1 ：句中没有谓语,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一样,且中间有并列或转折连词时,需填的词就是谓语动词；时态考虑要瞻前顾后；解题高招1. 通读全文,把握大意；既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法,那么,我们在解题前,应快速浏览短文,把握全文大意,这一步特别重要；2. 结合语境,试填空格；读懂短文之后,要结合短文所供应的特定的语言环境,从句子结构的完整性

9、去分析摸索空格所缺单词的词性,再依据句子的结构和意义,以及句子之间的规律关系来确定详细要填的单词和所给词的正确形式；详细来说,可按设题类型分为三类情形：1 纯空格试题的解题技巧；第一,分析句子结构,确定填哪类词；然后,再依据句子的意思,确定详细填什么词；或 依据两句间的规律关系确定详细用哪个连词；确定填哪类词有以下 7 个技巧：精练精讲技巧 1：缺主语或宾语,肯定是填代词或名词 多考代词 ；如：例 1I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and _38_ gets there almost in a second. 20XX 年茂名

10、一模 技巧 2：名词前面,如没有限定词 冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词 ,很可能是填限定 词；如：例 2It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty 9601279 was very anxious to help _33_rice crop grow up quickly. 20XX 年广东高考 例 3 the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to _35_ small town some 20 kilometers away

11、where there was a garage. 20XX 年广东高考 技巧 3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情形下,名词或代词前面,肯定是填介 词；例 4 who should have the honor of receiving me _33_ a guest in their house. 20XX 年广东高考 技巧 4：如两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词,可能是填连词；例 5 two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso _34_ Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of dollars.

12、 例 6 all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me _36_almost 名师归纳总结 instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. 20XX年深圳一模 第 4 页,共 9 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 技巧 5：如两句 一个主谓关系算一个句子 列连词或从属连词；之间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,肯定是填并例 7 I wanted to see as much of the ci

13、ty as possible in the two days _32_I was to return to Guangzhou. 20XX 年广州一模 例 8 He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _37_he felt very happy 20XX 年广东高考 技巧 6：如结构较完整,空格后的谓语动词是原形,特殊是与上下文时态不一样或主谓不一样时,很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词do, does, did 等；例 9What is acceptable in one country _31_be considere

14、d extremely rude in another. 2007 珠三角五校联考 例 10 He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he _ bring home a regular salary. 技巧 7：由特殊的句式结构来判定空格应填的词；1由 it is that 强调结构形式,判定填it 仍是 that ；如：例 11 and _40_was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn MS

15、G 味精 . 20XX 年广州一模 2由倒装句式判定, 是填构成倒装的条件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had 等,仍是填 do, does, did 等；如：例 12 _with hard work can you expect to get pay rise. 3由 it 作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判定,空格处是否填it ；如：-famous 例 13 as _32_took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two worldartists

16、20XX年佛山二模 例 14Dating sites also make _36_easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in. 20XX 年惠州二模 4so /such that 句型；如：例 15 This made the goat so jealous _34_it began plotting against 谋划应付 the donkey. 20XX 年惠州二模 5more than 与其说 不如说 ,比 更 句型；如：例 16Cynthias story shows vividly that people remembe

17、r more how much a manager cares _40_ how much he pays. 2007 深圳宝安期末 2 给出了动词的试题的解题技巧 第一,判定要填的动词是谓语动词仍是非谓语动词；然后按以下两点进行摸索；技巧 8：如句中没有别的谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是谓语动词；如是谓语动词,就要考虑时态语态；例 17His fear of failure _36_ keep him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. 20XX

18、年深圳一模 例 18 That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her Invitation, _40_ close my book and walked away. 20XX 年广州一模 例 19 In Logan, three people _38_ taketo a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. 2007 梅州二模 技巧 9：如句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词；如是非谓 语动词就要确定用 ing

19、 形式、 ed 形式,仍是用不定式形式,确定的方法主要有：1作主语或宾语,通常用 ing 形式表示习惯或一般情形,用不定式表示详细的情形；如：例 20 but it is not enough only _35_memorize rules from a grammar book. 20XX名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 年佛山一模 例 21 _ speak out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary2作目的状语或者在形容词后

20、的作状语,一般用不定式；如：例 22 _ complete the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day. 例 23 Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _33_ succeed. 20XX 年佛山一模 3作相伴状语,常用分词,与规律主语是主动关系,用现在分词,是被动关系,用过去分 词；如： 例 24 He saw the stone, _37_ say to himself:

21、“ The night will be very dark.20XX 年东莞一模 例 25 The headmaster went into the lab, _follow by the foreign guests. ing4不论非谓语动词在句中作何种成分,如判定需要用分词, 与规律主语是主动关系用形式,是被动关系用 ed 形式；如：例 26 There will be a meeting, _40_ start later this year to review the film. 20XX 广州二模 年例 27 Lessons _39_ learn in sports can help

22、 us in our dealing with other people. 广 东考试说明 3、词类转换题的解题技巧 依据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式；详细方法有：技巧 10：作表语、定语或补语,通常用形容词形式；如：例 28 The youngster immediately fell _ silence as tears flew down from his big blue eyes. 例 29 In a _ danger part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to 解析：在冠词与名词之间,要用形容词,

23、作定语,故填 dangerous；例 30 Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _ interest in the subject most of their students 的补足语,用形容词；表示“ 感爱好 ”,解析：因所填词在句中作宾语填 interested；技巧 11：作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语,用名词形式；如：例 31 When China s ancient scientific a nd technological _ achieve are mentioned, the nation

24、will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions. 解析：在时间状语从句中,要求填的词作主语,Chinas ancient scientific and technological are 可知,主语是复数,故填 achievements；是主语的定语；作主语要用名词,又由例 32 These people have made great _39_ contribute to China with their work. 20XX 年茂名二模 解析：在句中作及物动词 have made 的宾语,要用名词形式；表示“作奉献 ” ,其前面没有不定冠

25、词时,习惯上用复数,故填 contributions ；例 33 instructors expect students to be familiar with _32_ inform in the reading 20XX 年三校联考 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 解析：因 with 是介词,在介词后作宾语,要用名词,故填 information ；技巧 12：在形容词性物主代词后,或者在“ 冠词 +形容词 ”后,用名词形式；如：例 34 the remains date from this period be

26、cause of their _38_ similar to those found elsewhere. 20XX 年广州二模 similarities ；解析：在形容词性物代词their 后应当用名词,故填例 35 With the large numbers of students, the _ operate of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. 解析：在冠词后,要用名词,故填 operation ；技巧 13：修饰动词、形容词、副词,或整个句子,作状语,用副词形式；如：例 36 As I looked _32

27、_ close at this girl, I fount that 年深圳一模 20XX 解析：修饰动词 looked,作状语,用副词,故填 closely；例 37 There must be something _40_ serious wrong with our society. 2022 潮州期末 解析：要求填的词修饰形容词 wrong,作状语,用副词,故填 seriously；例 38Singles are flocking 涌向 to the Internet _33_ main because their busy lifestyles leave them little t

28、ime 年惠州三模 解析：修饰 because引导的缘由状语从句,修饰整个句子,作状语,用副词,故填 mainly ；技巧 14：括号中所给词有可能是要求词义转换,词类不肯定要变,主要是考查具有与词根 意义相反的派生词,需依据句子意思及前后规律关系,在词根前加 un, im等,在词根 后加 less等；如：例 39 People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _ use. 解析：作表语要用形容词；又由

29、句意可知,作者是表达“没有什么学问是无用的”,故填useless；例 40 Your mistake caused a lot of _ necessary work in the office. 解析：在名词前作定语,仍用形容词形式；但依据句意可知,错误是引起不必要的麻烦事,故填 unnecessary；技巧 15：括号中所给动词也不肯定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词,而是考词类转换；如是形容词或副词,有可能是考查其比较等级；如：例 41 there was a lot of information about the cityattract 20XX 年广州一模 例 42The other

30、 frog went on jumping as hard as he couldhard and finally made himself out. 20XX 年期末 -known tourist _34_ He jumped even _36_ 例 43Storms which produced at least 13 tornadoes swept along New Mexicos border with Texas on Friday, destroying homes and other buildings and injuring at least 16 people, seve

31、ral critically, authorities said. The _33_ bad damage was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis, which are about 80 miles apart, police said. 2007 梅州二模 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3. 重读全文,解决难题；在解题过程中要先易后难,难题在大部分空格填好后,再经过认真推敲,难题也就不会再 难了；全部空格填好后,把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍；学问讲练The In

32、ternet has become part of young peoples life. _1_ report shows that 38% ostudents often use the Internet . Most of them get _2_ use information on the Internet _3_ use the Internet to help in their studies. But many students don _4_ a good way. Some play games too much, some visit websites _5_ shoul

33、dn t look at. So bad things may happen _6_ students spend too much time on the Internet. _7_ is important for students to use the Internet properly. Now we have a textbook, _8_ uses many examples to teach students some good ways to use the Internet. It gives useful advice. Some students also make _9

34、_ on the Internet. But if you want to have a face-to-face _10_ meet with your online friends, let your parents know and meet in a proper place. 1. A .从下文中可以看出这是一个报道说明,前文仍没有显现 ,无须特指 .考查冠词的用法 . 2. useful. 提示词 use 出名词和动词的词性,在这里是要一个形容词修饰 information. 考察词性的判定和转化；3. and. 从这个句子要表达的意思来看 get 和 use 是并列的谓语动词；4

35、. in . 固定搭配, in a way 表示用某种方法；5. they. 这是一个省略了 that/which 的定语从句,从句子成分来看,此句缺乏主语,是用来修饰 websites,而关系代词在定语从句种作宾语,故省略,填they 来作从句中的主语；6. if .从上一句话承接下来的一个结果,但用了情态动词may,此空应当填连词来引导一个条件状语从句；7. It. 形式主语 it 代替真正的主语 -不定式 to use the Internet. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 8. which. 通过句子分析法可以知道这是一个非限制性的定语从句；9. friends. 由语境,下文中online friends 推断出 make friends 这个短语；10. meeting . 提示词 meet 虽出名词词性,但 have a meeting 是习惯搭配；老师课后小结名师归纳总结 签字教学主任：教学组长：同学 / 家长：第 9 页,共 9 页- - - - - - -