2022年高考英语二轮语法复习学案.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载高考英语二轮语法复习学案（一）定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导 1、关系代词： who, whom, whose, which, that, as 2、关系副词： when, where, why （定语从句）关系代词和关系副词必需位于从句之首,主句先行词之后,起着连接先行词和从句的作用,同时在从句中又充当句子成分；e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all. （关系代词 who 在从句中作主语）The comrade with whom I came knows French.

2、 （whom 在从句中作介词 with 的宾语）3、关系代词和关系副词的用法：1）当先行词为人时用 who 作主语, whom 作宾语； 2）当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ,可作主语或宾语；3）先行词为人、物时用 that ,可作主语或宾语；4）whose 用作定语,可指人或物；5）关系副词 when（指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,where（指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语）,why （指缘由,在定语从句中作缘由状语） ；（二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系亲密,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合规律；e.g. I was the only per

3、son in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句,意思就不完整）2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不亲密,去掉定从句,意思仍旧完整；形式上用逗号隔开,不能 that 用引导； e.g. Toms father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night. （ who 引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译）（三）使用定语从句时特殊留意的几个问题1、that 与 which 的区分；1）用 that 而不用which 的情形：先行词为不定代词all, anything, nothing, ；先

4、行词有最高级修饰,有序数词修饰；先行词有only, very, any 等词修饰；先行词既有人又有物时；e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没有什么能阻挡他不干那件事；The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山；This i s the best film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部；Mr Smith is the only foreig

5、ner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他熟悉的唯独的外国人；2）用 which 而不用that 的情形：引导非限制性定语从句；代表整个主句的意思；介词+ 关系代词；e.g. He had failed in the maths exam , which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格,这使他的父亲很愤怒；This is the room in which my father lived last year. 3）as 引导定语从句时的用法这是父亲去年居住过的房子；as引导限制性定语从句通常用于 the same as, such as 结

6、构中；e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend s. 我要一件跟我伴侣一样的衬衫；Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的；as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用来修饰整个句子；通常用以下句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等；e.g. As I expected,

7、 he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 获得了第一名；3）as 引导非限制性定语从句时与 which 的区分正如我所预料的那样,他在这次期中考试中又当主句和从句语义一样时,用as；反之,用which 来引导非限制性定语从句；e.g. He made a long speech, as we expected. He made a long speech, which was unexpected. 当非限制定语从句为否定时,常用which 引导；t like at all.e.g. Tom drinks a lot

8、 every day, which his wife doesn2. 关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词单数仍是用复数应由先行词打算；e.g. The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently. 住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利；The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hill tomorrow. 3. 定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词,中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开；e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I

9、cant understand.第 1 页,共 16 页名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载s Republic of China was founded.4. 引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“ 介词+ which ” 来代替；e.g. October 1, 1949 was the day on which = when the People5. 当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时,短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开；e.g. The sick man whom she is looking after i

10、s her father. 6. 介词在关系代词前,只能用which 和 whom,且不能省略；介词在句尾,关系代词可有which, that, whom, 口语中也可用 who,且可省略；e.g. The man whom/ who/ that you were talking about has come to school. 练习、定语从句1. The man _ visited our school yesterday is from London.A. who B. which C. whom D. when 2. The woman _ is talking to my mothe

11、r is a friend of hers.A. whose B. whoC. whomD. which 3. Because of my poor memory, all _ you told me has been forgotten.A. that B. which C. what D. as 4. Do you remember those days _ we spent along the seashore very happily .A. when B. where C. which D. who 5. Tom did not t ake away the camera becau

12、se it was just the same camera _ he lost last week. A. which B. that C. whom D. as 6. Those _ want to go please sign their names here.A. whom B. which C. whoD. when 7. Where is the man _ I met this morning.A. when B. where C. which D. who 8. Who i s the woman _ is sweeping the floor over there.A. wh

13、o B. / C. that D. when 9. The man _ you talked just now is a worker.A. who B. whom C. to whom D. to who 10. The man _ you are going to make friends is my fathers neighbour.A. with whom B. when C. to whomD. which 11. The doctor _ is leaving for Africa next month.A. the nurse is talking to him C. the

14、nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking 12. The man _ around our school is from America. B. whom the nurse is talking A. which you showed B. you showed him C. you showed D. where you showed 13. He talked about a hero _ no one had ever heard. A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who 14. I

15、n fact the Swede did not understand the three questions _ were asked in French. A. where B. who C. in which D. which 15. Have you read the book _ I lent to you . A. that B. whom C. when D. whose 16. Finally, the thief handed over everything _ he had stolen to the police.A. thatB. whichC. whateverD.

16、all 17. The foreign guests, _ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport. A. most of them B. most of that C. most of whom D. most of those 18. This is the very letter _came last night.A. whoB. whichC. that D. as 19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask _ knows bett

17、er than I.A. whoeverB. whomeverC. anyoneD. the one 20. This is the school _ we visited three days a go.A. where B. / C. whenD. what 21. This is the factory _ we worked a year ago.A. where B. thatC. whichD. on which 22. Nearby were two canoes _ they had come to the island.A. which B. in whichC. thatD

18、. / 23. Jack is pleased with _ you have given him and all _ you have told him. A. that, what B. what, that C. which, what D. that, which 24. Do you work near the building _ _ colour is yellow.A. thatB. whichC. itsD. whose 25. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.

19、A. whom B. whoC. to whom D. form whom 26. Is this school _ we visited three years ago.A. the oneB. which C. that D. where 27. Is this the school _ we visited three years ago.A. the oneB. where C. in whichD. / 28, How many students are there in your class _ homes are in the country.A. whose B. who C.

20、 whom D. which 29. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _ came as a surprise.A. it B. which C. thatD. he 30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage _ already seven other people. A. when there were B. which there were C. that there were D. where there were 31. I live in the hou

21、se _ windows face south. A. whic h B. whose C. where D. in that 32. - What game is popular with them. - The _ most is tennis. 第 2 页,共 16 页A. game they like it B. game they like C. best game they like D. best game they like it 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载33. They stayed wit

22、h me three weeks, _ they drank all the wine I had. A. which B. which time C. during which time D. during which 34. The room _ Mr White lives is not very large. A. that B. which C. where D. when 35. Don t forget the day _ you were received into the Youth League.A. when B. that C. at whichD. where 36

23、. Ive finished writing th e novel, _ is to be published next month.A. that B. what C. which D. when 37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, _ was unexpected. A. which B. as C. that D. it 38. _ we is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn. A. What B. As C. That D. Whi

24、ch 39. The old man had thr ee sons, all of _ died during W orld War . A. whose B. that C. whom D. who 40. I have bought two pens, _ write well. A. none of which B. ne ither of which C. both of which D. all of which 41. Do you know the reason _ she has changed her mind. A. why B. which C. for that D.

25、 of which 42. He failed in the exam, _ proves that he wasnt working hard enough.A. which B. what C. it D. that 43. During the week _ he tried to collect materials fo r his article. A. following B. followed C. to follow D. that followe d 44. _ was expected, he succeeded in the exam. A. It B. Which C.

26、 As D. That 45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, _ his father expected. A. that was what B. what was that C. and which was D. which was what 46. We should read such books _ will make us better and wiser. A. when B. as C. whose D. what 47. You must show my wife the same respect _

27、 you show me. A. when B. as C. whose D. what 48. He is absent _ is often the case.A. what B. which C. who D. as 49. It is the first time _ I have come to your city. A. that B. which C. what D. when 50. Who _ has the same idea as it will do it in this way. A. who B. that C. whom D. which 51. I shall

28、never forget those years _ I lived in the country with the farmers, _ has a great effect on my life. A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who 52. This is the only book _ I can find.A. that B. which C. it D. with which 53. I dont like _ you speak to her.A. the way B. the way in that

29、C. the way which D. the way of which 54. That is one of those books that _ worth reading.A. is B. are C. has D. have 55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting _ the best.A. is B. areC. has D. have 56. There was _ to prevent the accident. A. something could do t doB. anything we coul

30、d do C. nothing we couldnD. nothing we could do 参考答案三、 15 ABACD 610 CDCCA 1115 CCADA 1620 ACCAB 2125 ABBDC 2630 ADABD 3135 BBDCA 3640 CABCC 4145 AADCD 4650 BBDAB 高考英语二轮语法复习学案（名词性从句）名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语；因此,名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - -

31、学习好资料 欢迎下载（一）引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词： who, whose, whom, what, which ；有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等；2、连接副词： when, where, why, how ；有词义,在从句中担任成分,作状语；3、连接词： that, whether, if, as if ；that 无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略；if whether, as if 虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分；留意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句,因而从句中谓语不用疑问式；连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分,连接词 whether 和 i

32、f （是否）,as if （好象）在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用；依据句义,假如连接代词与连接副词,whether、if 和 as i f 都用不上时,才用 that 作连接词（ that 本身无任何含义） ；（二）主语从句1、主语从句在复合句作主语；e.g. Who will go is not important. 2、用 it 作形式主语,主语从句放在句末；e.g. It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not.3、 that 引导主语从句时,不能省略；e.g. That he suddenly fell ill las

33、t week made us surprised. （三）表语从句1、表语从句在复合句中作表语,位于系动词之后；e.g. The question was who could go there. 2、引导表语从句的连接词 that 有时可省去；e.g. My idea is that we can get more comrades to help in the work. （四）宾语从句1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语；引导宾语从句的连词 that 一般可省略；e.g. I hope that everything is all right. 2、介词之后的宾语从句,不行用 which 或 if

34、 连接,要分别用 what 或 whether；e.g. Im interested in whether youve finished the work.I m interested in what youve said.3、 whether 与 if 都可以引导宾语从句,常可互换；但下面情形不能互换；宾语从句是否定句时,只用 if ,不用 whether；e.g. I wonder if it doesnt rain.用 if 会引起误会,就要用 whether；e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go. （此句假如把宾语从句 中的 wh

35、ether 与 or not 直接连用,就不能换成e.g. I dont know whether or not the report is true.I don t know whether/ if the report is true or not.whether 改成 if ,简单当成条件句懂得）if ；不直接连用,可换；介词后的宾语从句要用 whether 引导； whether 可与不定式连用；whether 也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,仍可引导让步状语从句,以上均不能换成 if ；但引导条件从句时,只能用 if,而不能用 whether；e.g. It depends

36、on whether we have enough time. They don t know whether to go there.Please come to see me if you have time. （五）同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语,一般位于该名词（如：名词的详细内容；e.g. I have no idea when he will be back. news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise 等）之后,说明该The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.

37、练习：名词性从句一、判定以下各句哪句含出名词性从句,并指出是什么从句：1. China is no longer what it used to be. 2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all. 3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载 4. How he persuaded the man ager to chan

38、ge the plan is interesting to us all. 5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. 6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing. 7. That is where Lu Xun used to live. 8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about. 9. Do you remember the tea

39、cher who taug ht us English at middle school. 10. I wonder why she refused my invitation. 二、用适当的连词填空：1. I cant decide _ dictionary I should buy. 2. Thats _ he refused my invitation.3. I am very interested in _ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time. 4. _ we need is more time. 5. The

40、fact _ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody. 6. _ and _ they will meet has not been decided yet. 7. Please tell me _ you are waiting for. 8. Is that _ you are looking for. 9. Would you please tell me _ the nearest post office is. 10. I dont know _ he will agree to the plan or

41、 not. 三、挑选填空：1. Do you see _ I mean.A. that B./ C. how D. what D. why D. how 2. Tell me_ is on your mind.A. that B. what C. which 3. We must stick to _ we have agreed on.A. what B. that C. / 4. Let me see _. A. that can I repair the radio B. whether -I can repair the radio C. I can repair the radio

42、D. whether can I repair the radio 5. K eep in m ind _. A. that the teacher said B. what did the teacher say C. that did the teacher say D. what the teac her said 6. Could you advise me _. A. which book should I read first B. what book should I read first C. that book 1 should read first D. which boo

43、k I should read first 7. He was criticized for _ _. A. he had done it B. what he had done C. what had he done D. that he had done it 8. Would you kindly tell me _. A. how can I get to the Beijing Railway Station B. how I can get to the Beijing Railway Station C. where can I get to the Beijing Railwa

44、y StationD. whether can I get to the Beijing Railway Station 9. Mrs. Smith was very much impressed by _. A. what had she seen in China B. that she had seen in China C. what she had seen in China D. which had she seen in China 10. We took it for granted _ B. that were they not coming A. that they wer

45、e not coming C. they were coming not D. were they not coining 11. I really dont know _ A. I should do next B. what should I do next C. what I should do next D. how I should do next 12. Im afraid _. A. the little girl will have to be operated onB. that will the little girl have to operate on C. the little girl will have to opera