2022年高级英语精读教案.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1 COURSE INTRODUCTION 1. Purpose of the course Develop an overall proficiency in four skills Develop critical ability in reading texts Reinforce grammatical competence. 2. Focus of training at present stage Shift of focus in training: From listening/speaking 1-2 years to rea

2、ding/writing 3-4 years Adjusted focus in teaching: From grammar-pre-dominant to text-slanted Draw students attention to changed purpose and focus of training at different levels of the course. 3. The textbook The compiler Textbook design Students Book a. Pre-class work pre-questions, dictionary work

3、, 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - library work b. Text 1 c. Comprehension oral d. Organization and development e. Analysis f. Text II g. Paragraph writing h. Listening & speaking tapes Evaluating the textbook a. Varied contents including issues of social concern rather then

4、merely language and literature b. Eclectic approach c. Drawbacks 4. Teaching setup and requirements: a Six class hours per unit b Lecture + workshop+ seminar c Pre-class review required d Exercises completed on individual basis, selected for discussion e Text 2 included in exams 2 名师归纳总结 - - - - - -

5、 -第 2 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Text I Hit the Nail on the Head I. Teaching objectives 1. Understanding the various aspects related to the usage of words. 2. Cultivating a sense of appropriateness in style 3. Learning to use analogy as an expository means. II. Warm-up questions 1. Does the ti

6、tle strike you as a bit unusual. 2. Have you ever heard of the English proverb Hit the nail on the head . What does it mean. 3. Whose job involves hitting nails. Is the text concerned about the carpenter. Then, whatuse s the major concern of the author. （stylistic matter, how to the right word from

7、the extensive vocabulary of the English language）4. What similarities does the author recognize in the job of a carpenter and the work of a writer. The process the writer chooses the right word is similar to the way a carpenter hammers a nail. his Like the carpenter who needs to drive home every nai

8、l if he wants work properly done, a writer needs to put efforts in choosing the right word if he wants to be accurate and concise. 5. How much do you know about style. Do you find it an interesting topic. 名师归纳总结 6. How do you like the text. Do you find it difficult or easy. Did it 第 3 页,共 18 页- - -

9、- - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - take you long to prepare before you come to the class. Are there many new words in the text. 3 III. Organization of the text Directions: Read through the whole text very quickly, find out the main idea of each paragraph, decide whether some paragraphs can be grouped t

10、ogether to form a section and how each section is related to the other. Discuss & conclude: Section I paragraph 1-3: Raising the subject: Importance of choosing the right word Para 1: Introducing the topic by drawing an analogy between the carpenter hammering a nail and the writer using words. Para

11、2-3:Elaborating on the importance of choosing the right word It is a process of realizing, defining and clarifying your thought. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Section 2 paragraph 410: Explaining the various aspects in the profile of a word Para4-7:I Illustrating how words

12、with common roots have different meanings Semantic aspect Para 8: Illustrating how words with similar meanings may have different associations Connotational aspect Para 9: Illustrating how words with similar meanings may have stylistic differences. Stylistic/situational aspect Para 10: Pointing out

13、that a general notion may be expressed by a variety of specific words Variation in expression Section 3 paragraph 11: Conclusion: Quality is more important than quantity in learning vocabulary with an analogy to echo the beginning IV. Textwork and language points Section I paragraph 1-3 名师归纳总结 - - -

14、 - - - -第 5 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Paragraph 1: 1. Call students attention to the use of analogy by asking questions such as How does the author introduce the subject. 4 What expository means is used in the first paragraph. Can you explain the difference between comparison and analogy . 2.

15、 Ask students to read the passage on page7 with the following questions in mind: WHAT is the purpose of drawing an analogy. WHEN is it often used. HOW is it different from comparison . 3. Ask students to identify the use of comparison and the use of analogy in para. 1 Comparison A clumsy man a skill

16、ful carpenter A good writer a skillful carpenter Analogy A writer choosing the right word A carpenter hammering a nail 4. Sum up the main points: 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Analogy is a special kind of comparison and a more concrete way to explain things. The purpose of

17、 analogy is to explain something abstract and remote. With analogy, of the two things being compared, one is usually a familiar subject, which helps to explain the other, which is usually a difficult and abstract subject, something hard to define. Paragraph 2-3 1. Ask questions to check students und

18、erstanding of the text How is paragraph 2 linked to the previous one. What does the word this refer to. Is it easy to find the word that expresses precisely what a writer wants to express. Why. Do you have this problem in writing. - Words are many in number - Words may have subtle differences in the

19、m semantic, stylistic Does a big vocabulary guarantee the ability of using the right word. Why. the Do you agree with the author that there is a great deal of truth in seemingly stupid question say. How can I know what I think till I see what I The question sounds irrational, but is true. Unless we

20、have found the exact words to verbalize our own thoughts, we can never be very sure of 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - what our thoughts are. Without words, our thoughts can not be defined or stated in a clear and precise manner. defining your thought Choosing words is a pro

21、cess of clarifying what you mean. realizing your meaning 5 2. Call students attention to the author 16: Words are generalization line 11- many and various those who hear or read our words. ; line 19-21 It is hard work we are dealing with Ask them to read aloud. Remind students the importance of gene

22、ralization after illustrations. Language points 1 line 4 drive something home: force the nail into the right place; make something unmistakably clear. e.g. The person who wins the argument is the one who drives home his points. Advertisers keep repeating the names of the product in order to drive th

23、e message home. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - also: drive home to sb, sth. You must drive home to John where the difficulty lies. You must drive it home to John that we dont have enough money. 2 line 4 hitting it squarely on the head: directly, used both literally and figu

24、ratively, examples: The boxer hit his opponent squarely on the jaw. We must face the problem squarely. 3 line 7 clean English: English which is precise and clear in contrast with vague, slovenly language 4 line 10 scrupulous writers: writers who are very careful, paying attention to details 一丝不苟的作家

25、. scrupulous generally means painstaking, meticulous i.e. paying great attention to small things. It may be positive or negative in association, e.g. 谨慎 He is scrupulous in his business dealings. positive, 正派,The nurse treated him with the most scrupulous care. （positive）The paper is not entirely sc

26、rupulous in setting its assumptions. negative He pays scrupulous attention to style. positive 名师归纳总结 Compare: unscrupulous不择手段的usually negative in association 第 9 页,共 18 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 5 shades of meaning: slight differences in meaning. 6 Some useful sentence patterns in this

27、 section line 13 It is not only a matter of , it is also line 19 It is hard work + doing sth line 23 hesitate doing sth hesitate to do sth. hesitate at sth. 6 Sentences for paraphrase also . hesitate about doing sth, 1. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a va

28、gue adjective, will i.e. A not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. writer who is particularly concerned about the precise expression in English will never feel happy with a word which fails to express an idea accurately. 2. Choosing words is part of the process of realization, for those who

29、hear or read our words. : i.e. The process of finding the right words to use is a process of perfection where you try to search for words that may most accurately 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - express your thoughts and feelings, and words that may most effectively make yo

30、ur listeners and readers understand your thoughts and feelings. 3. It is hard work choosing the right words, but we shall be rewarded by the satisfaction that finding them brings. to : i.e. Finding the most suitable word use is in no sense easy. But there is nothing like the delight we shall experie

31、nce when such a word is found. Relevant information: The allusion to Flaubert Note 7, page 5 Gustave Flaubert 1821 though 1880, French novelist, was associated with, not representative of, the movement of naturalism and known as one of the greatest realists of the nineteenth-century France. He devot

32、ed his life to long hours spent in heavy toil over his work. His writing is marked by exactness and accuracy of observation, extreme impersonality and objectivity of treatment, and precision and expressiveness in style, or the principle of the mot juste. Section 2 paragraph 4 10: The various aspects

33、 in word usage 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - I The semantic aspect of words paragraph 4-7 1. Ask students to make comments on the three pairs of examples given in this section Compare and contrast their differences in meaning. human: of, or relating to man, 1 e.g. human b

34、eing; human nature; human rights humane: . characterized by kindness, mercy, or compassion. e.g a humane judge/officer human action = action taken by man humane action = merciful action human killer = person that kills humans humane killer =that which kills but causes little pain, esp. instruments f

35、or the painless killing of animals 7 anxiety: associated with worry/fear 2 eagerness：full of interest or desire singularity of mind: oddity, peculiarity, sth that singles a person out from others 思想奇妙、奇怪名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3 singleness of mind: holding steadfast

36、ly to the purpose in mind, without being drawn aside by less worthy objects. 思想专一、坚决2. Point out what may happen if we confuse words with a similar form. one possible consequence: malapropism. Explain: Malapropism is the use of a word in mistake for one sounding similar, resulting in comic effect, e

37、.g. allegory for alligatordelusionsfor s allusions As The word has its origin in Mrs. Malaprop, a famous character in Sheridancomedy the Rivals 1775. She is noted for her blunders in the use of words. headstrong as an allegory alligator on the banks of the Nile is one of her grotesque misapplication

38、s. She also requests that no delusions allusions to the past be made. She has given us the word malapropism as a name for such mistakes. Ask students whether they can recall other names of fiction characters that have entered the English dictionary as Mrs. Malaprop, e.g. Mr. Micawber, Rip Van Winkle

39、 etc 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3. Ask students to give further examples of confusing words, i.e. words that look similar in form but different in meaning, such as credulous and credible , etc. Language points: 1 distinct: adj. A. different in kind e.g. We should keep

40、the two ideas distinct. 将两个概念区分开来 Donkeys and horses are distinct animals. 不同的动物 B. clearly marked, plain, e.g. a distinct improvement 明显的 a distinct pronunciation 清楚的2 afield: adv. away from ones home or usual environment. e.g. Dont go too far afield. In the text, it may be interpreted as: There is

41、 no need for us to make an effort to find proof of bad carpentry in language. Namely, usage everywhere around you. 8 You can find examples of3 rife: predicative only widespread, common, increasingly prevalent. e.g. Superstition is still rife in the country. Not: rife superstition 名师归纳总结 - - - - - -

42、-第 14 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - The country was rife with rumors of war. Crime and violence were rife in this city before liberation. Disease used to be rife in this country. II The connotational aspect of a word paragraph 8 1. Ask students to sum up the main point of the paragraph. 2. Call a

43、ttention to the cohesive link in the topic sentence from malapropism to move to a new point - inappropriateness resulting from an ignorance of the words connotation 3. Discuss the different connotations in each of the following: - imprisoned force, coercion, compulsion, against will - contained more

44、 general, neutral - epitomized literary, formal - summed upgeneral - distilled - more formal, Illustrate the usage with further examples, e.g. The charter includes some conditions that imprison 限制 the industrial 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页,共 18 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - workers today. He epitomizes （

45、概括、凝结） the good qualities of his family. （be a perfect example , typify）Water can be made pure by distilling it.提炼 4. Give further examples to illustrate that words with similar or same meaning may have different connotations, e.g. happiness joy delight rapture ecstasy 5. Call attention to the generalization line 56-60 which well sums up whats been discussed in the paragraph. Language points: 9 Coercion: to do sth. under coercio