2022年高考语法填空专项训练——介词.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载语法填空专项训练 - 介词介词是高考中的一个重要考点,在高考中都有两空是特地考查介词的,占语法填空的五分之一；该题要求“ 在空格处填入一个适当的词”的限定,所以我们要重点关注简洁介词 一个单词的介词 ,主要考点有：1. 表示时间介词有at, in, on 表示时间点和时间段 by 不迟于,到 时为止 after 在 之后 before 在 之前for 表示一段时间 during 在 期间 within 在 期间,不超过 since自从 throughout 贯穿 期间 until/till 直到 from to 从 到 bet

2、ween 在 之间over 在 期间,过完一段时间2. 表示方位的介词有into 进入 out of 从 出来 around 围饶着或在 的各处 along 沿着towards 向或朝着 to 到或向 from 从 up 沿 而上off 从 离开或下来 at 朝着或向着 for 到 去 down 沿.而下at 在某一点或在 某物 旁 in 在某一范畴内 on 在某物的表面上 between 在两者 之间above 在 的上头或高出 below 在 下面或低于 among 在多者 之中 around 在 四周inside 在 的里面 outside在 的外面 before 在 之前 behind

3、 在 的后面over 在 的上方或上面 under 在 的下面或下方；beside/by 在 的旁边 near 在 的邻近beyond 在 的那一边,远于,超过 某事物的范畴 across在 的对面或那一边 against 靠着across从一边到另一边 over 从某人或某物的上空经过by/past 从某人或某物的旁边经过 through 从某事物的里面经过；3. 表示缘由的介词有because of, owing to, due to, for, with, at “ 听到或看到 ”等； at 常放在表示情感变化后的动词、形容词或名词后表示缘由,相当于4. 表示方式、方法或手段的介词有By

4、 乘、坐、骑 接交通工具 , 靠、通过in 用某种语言或材料,如墨水, 抽象的文具in ink, in pen, in pencil等 with 用详细的工具 ,和 一起；through 通过 实践或书本 等5. 表示 “ 除 外” 的介词有 except, besides, but, except for等；6. 表示 “ 数量 ” 的介词有 about大约 , around大约 , over超过 等表示 “ 关于 ” 的介词有 on, about 等；表示 “ 所属 ” “部分与整体关系” 的介词 有 of表示 增加 /削减,相差,高出等的 程度的介词 有 by以及 as当作,作为 ,li

5、ke像 一样 等；7. 能接复合宾语的介词有 with 和 without8. 短语中的介词 ；“动词 +介词 ” 短语 ,look after, care for ,congratulations on 等；“动词 +副词 +介词 ” 短语 catch up with, get on with, work hard at, do well in 等；“动词 +名词 +介词 ”take are of, take notice of 等；“名词 +介词 ” ,effect on 等；解题技巧 ：1. 什么情形下可能是填介词？我们第一必需知道两点：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页

6、,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载 1介词必需要接宾语,其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词,或者 what 从句；2名词、代词或动名词在句中通常作主语、动词的宾语、介词的宾语；因此,我们在解答语法填空时,如空格后是名词、代词或动名词时,且他们不是在句中作主语,也不是在动词后作宾语 时,这个格空就很可能是填介词；2. 应当填哪个介词？在判定可能填介词之后,要依据详细的语境来确定填哪个介词,特殊是依据空格所在句子的意思来挑选一个恰当的介词；另外,以下几条思路对解题特别有用：1由介词短语与谓语的规律关系来确定；例 1 He was very tired _

7、doing this for a whole day. 分析 ：累了必定是在干了一成天活之后,故填 也可填 from；2由所处句型的特殊需要来确定；after；另外,表示 “因 而累 ” ,be tired from 也是固定短语,故例 2Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people these proverbs there are often interesting stories. 分析 ：因 these proverbs 是名词,且不是作主语、宾语、表语等,前面很可能是填介词；句意是“

8、在中国的这些成语故事的背后经常有好玩的故事”,表示 “在 背后 ”,用介词 behind；3由特殊的结构关系来确定；如能接复合宾语宾语 +宾补 的介词只能是with 或 without ；例 3 You have no idea how she finished the relay race _ her foot wounded so much. 福建 4考虑介词 空格 与前面的动词或名词之间的搭配关系,或者介词 介词；空格 与后面名词之间的搭配关系来确定详细要填的例 4 the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to w

9、ho should have the honor of receiving me _a guest in their house. 分析 ：句意是 “ 把我们作为客人接待一、单句填空：用适当的介词填空；” ,表示 “ 当作,作为 ” 用介词 as；1. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank _ a chair. 安徽 2. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you_ the back door. 北京 3. A great man shows his

10、greatness _ the way he treats little men. 福建 4. You have no idea how she finished the relay race _ her foot wounded so much. 福建 5. I like Mr. Miners speech; it was clear and _ _ the point. 辽宁 6. Lets learn to use the problem we are facing _ a stepping-stone to future success. 宁夏 7. Modern equipment

11、and no smoking are two of the things I like _ working here. 全国 8. I began to feel _ home in the new school when I saw some familiar faces. 山东 9. Elizabeth has already achieved success _ her wildest dreams. 陕西 10. Everything was perfect for the picnic except _ the weather. 浙江 11. This is a junior sch

12、ool. You should go to a senior school _ girls of your age. 北京 12. Although _ my opinion, the old professor didnt come up with his own. 13. _ the silence of the pauses, we could hear each others breathing and could almost hear our own heartbeats. 14. Scientists are convinced _ the positive effect of

13、laughter _ physical and mental health. 江西 15. Experts have been warning _ some time of the health risks caused by passive smoking. 江西 16. The manager suggested an earlier date _ the meeting. 全国 I 17. Some people choose jobs for other reasons _ money these days. 全国 II 18. Some students often listen t

14、o music _ classes to refresh themselves. 四川 19. The open-air celebration has been put off because _ the bad weather. 浙江 20. Sorry, Madam. Youd better come tomorrow because its _the visiting hours. 第 2 页,共 7 页21. Its quite_ me why such things have been allowed to happen. 安徽 22. -It s a top secret.-Ye

15、s, I see. I will keep the secret _ you and me. 上海 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载23. People have always been curious _ how living things on the earth exactly began. 辽宁 24. After the earthquake, the injured were cared _ in the local hospitals or taken to the hospitals in the ne

16、ighboring cities. 江西 25. I would like a job which pays more, but _ the other hand I enjoy the work Im doing at the moment. 26. More and more young people are fond _ playing tennis nowadays. 上海 27. Leave your key with a neighbor _ case you lock yourself out one day. 北京 28. Village rs here depend on t

17、he fishing industry, _ which there won 上海 t be much work. 29. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _ which New York is an example. 四川 30. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers h ad reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _which appeared a rare rainbow soon. 福建 3

18、1. The book was written in 1946, _ when the education system has witnessed great charges. 山东 32. He was educated at the local high school, _ which he went on to Beijing University. 江苏 33. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _which they can be controlled on purpose. 重庆

19、 二、语篇模拟：用适当的介词填空；Fathers Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day 1_children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman 2_the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought 3_ the idea for Fathers Day while listening to a Mothers Day sermon 4_ 1909. Having been raised 5

20、_ her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was 6_her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, 7 _the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonoras father was born in June, so she chose to

21、hold the first Fathers Day celebration 8_ Spokane, Washington 9_the 19th of June, 1910. In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June flowers. 一、单句填空：用适当的介词填空；10_Fathers Day. Roses are the Fathers Day 1. into 2. by 3. by 4. with 5. to 6. as 7. about 8. at 9. beyond 10. for 11.

22、 for 12. against 13. In 14. of 15. for 16. for 17. besides 18. between 19. of 20. beyond 21. beyond 22. between 23. about 24. for 25. on 26. of 27. in 28. without 29. of 30. above 31. since 32. after 33. to 二、语篇模拟：用适当的介词填空；1. for 2. by 3. of 4. in 5. by 6. to 7. in 8. in 9. on 10. as 语法填空专项训练 - 连词在近

23、两年广东高考的语法填空中连词,都是两小题,占语法填空的五分之一,是考查的一个重要项目,详细考点有以下4大点：考点 1：并列连词名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 示联合学习必备欢迎下载 不仅 而且 , and同,和 , when=and just at this time 就在这时 , not only but alsoneither nor （既不 也不 ）示挑选or或者,否就 , otherwise 否就 , or else否就 , either.or 不是 就是 示转折 but但是,可是,只是由于 , yet可是

24、 , not but 不是 而是 示对比 while 而、却 示因果 for （由于）和 so（所以,因此）注： 1 when 作并列连词,主要用于 was/were doing sth. when sth./sb. did; was/were about to do sth. when sth./sb. did; was/were on the point of doing sth. when sth./sb. did 等句型中,表示“当某人或某物正在或刚要做某事,就在这时突然又发生了另一事” ；2 在“祈使句 +and/or+陈述句 ” 句型中,祈使句表示条件,一、单句填空：用适当的连词填

25、空；并列句and/or 后的句子表示结果；1. I thought we d be late for the concert, _ we ended up getting there ahead of time. 湖南 2. Stand over there _ you ll be able to see the oil painting better. 全国 3. He found it increasingly difficult to read, _ his eyesight was beginning to fail. 山东 4. The artist was born poor, _

26、 poor he remained all his life. 重庆 5. In some places women are expected to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children. 四川 6. You have failed two tests. Youd better start working harder, _ you won 北京 t pass the course. 7. Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appe

27、ar to be, _ the way they actually are. 湖南 8. Between the two generations, it is often not their age, _ their education that causes misunderstanding. 全国 I 9. He was about halfway through his meal _a familiar voice came to his ears. 辽宁 10. I grew up in Africa _ at least I should say that I spent much

28、of the first ten years of my life there. 辽宁 考点 2：引导名词性从句的连接词名词性从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句；引导这些从句的连词有：1连词 that：只起连接作用,没有任何意思,不作任何句子成分,在宾语从句中可省略；2连词 whether：有 “ 是否 ”之意,但不作句子成分；引导宾语从句时,仍可用 if ；3连接代词： whom, whose, which, what 等均有各自的意义,在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等；其中 what 除有 “ 什么 ” “多么 ”外,仍有 “所 的”之意,相当于 the things that；4

29、连接副词： when, where, why, how 等,有意义,在从句中作状语；5whoever, whatever, whichever 等也可引导名词性从句,意为“无论 /不管 ” ；名词性从句11. The companies are working together to create _ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. 北京 12. _ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. 山东 13. Some chil

30、dren want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from _ their parents speak at home. 浙江 14. Tomorr ow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea _ the party is to be held. 陕西 15. The news _ our athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterday 上海 s newspaper. 16. The last time

31、 we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park. 天津 17. _ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. 浙江 18. Having checked the doors were closed, and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -湖南 第 4 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下

32、载19. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make _ it is. 天津 20. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob. Thats _ the best jobs are. 考点 3：引导定语从句的关系词定语从句就是在复合句里充当定语的从句,它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面；引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词及使用场合如下表：先行词主语宾语定语状语人who/that whom/who/ 省略whose when 物whic

33、h/which which/that/ 省略whose/of which 时间地点where the way that/in which/ 省略the reason why 注：1先行词是occasion 常用 when,先行词是case, situation, scenes等经常用 where；时,或先行词被all, little, few, 2关系副词when 和 where 有时可用 “介词 which ”代替, why 可用 for which 代替；3以下情形只能用that 引导定语从句： 当先行词是指物的all, little, few, much, any, anything,

34、everything, nothing, none, the onemuch, any, every, no 等修饰时； 先行词是序数词或最高级形容词时,或者先行词被序数词包括 last, next、最高级形容词及the only, the very 等修饰时；先行词包括人和物时；当主句是以who 或 which 开头的疑问句时,为了防止重复,多用that 引导；4不能用 that 引导定语从句的情形在非限制性定语从句中,不以能用 that 引导；直接在介词后作宾语时,不能用 that 引导,要用 whom, whose 或 which ,且不能省略；当先行词是指人的 all, any, fe

35、w, ones, anyone, everyone, those, people, he 等时,只能用 who；当先行词与关系代词之间有较复杂的短语或从句隔开时；5在非限制性定语从句中,表示“部分与整体 ”的关系时,用 of which/whom 或者 of which/whom都可以；定语从句21. The Science Museum, _ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London江苏 s tour22. Chan s restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorl

36、y run, is now a successful business. 浙江 湖南 23. All the neighbors admire this family, _ the parents are treating their child like a friend. 安徽 24. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, most of _ are beyond our control. 25. The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of _ w

37、ere made of small diamonds. 陕西 26. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. 全国 27. We shouldnt spend our money testin g so many people, most of _ are healthy. 北京 28. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with any kids. 山东 29. They wil

38、l fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay for two or three days. 重庆 30. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. 江西 31. The village has developed a lot _ we learned farming two years ago. 福建 32. After graduation she reached a

39、 point in her career _ she had to decide what to do. 江西 33. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight 看到 matters more than hearing. 天津 34. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, neither of _ wanted to buy it. 安徽 第 5 页,共 7 页名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - -

40、 - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载35. It is reported that two schools, both of _ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. 四川 考点 4：引导状语从句的连词种类 连词时间状 when（当 时）,while （在 期间）,as（当 ,一边 一边 ）,before（在 之前）,after（在 之后）,语从句 since（从 以来）,till/until （直到）,whenever（无论何时） ,as soon as（一 就）地点状 where 在 的地方 ,wherever 在

41、 的任何地方 语从句缘由状 because由于 , as由于 , since既然 , now 取豪夺 that既然 , when既然 , seeing that 由于,鉴于 , 语从句 considering that 考虑到 , given that 考虑到 目的状 so以便 , that以便 , so that以便,为了 , in order that 为了,以便 ；in case以防,以免 , lest免得,以防 , 语从句 for fear that 以免,惟恐 结果状 so that（以致,结果） ,so that, such that（如此 以至于）语从句条件状 if, unles

42、s =if 假如不 ,除非 , as/so long as只要 , while=as long as 只要 , supposing that/provided 语从句 /providing that 假如 , in case假使 , on condition that 在 的条件下 让步状 although, though, as, while 虽然 , even if/though 即使 , whether or 不论 /不管 仍是 以及 “疑问语从句 词+ever”和“ no matter+疑问词 ” 比较状 as.as（和 一样）,not as/so.as（和 不一样）,than（比）,the more.the more（越 越）语从句方式状 as正如 , as i