2022年高考英语语法精品教案：专题名词性从句.docx

《2022年高考英语语法精品教案：专题名词性从句.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年高考英语语法精品教案：专题名词性从句.docx（33页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名词性从句始终备受高考命题者的关注,近几年来的高考题主要考查在详细语境中连接词的挑选,特殊是连接词what和 that的辨析,以及 whether 与 if 表示“是否 ”时的区分；因此,正确区分名词性从句的类型,依据在从句中的作用和所表达的意义,确定恰当的连接词是一轮复习的重点；此外,名词性从句和定语从句的辨析,也是高考考查的重点；一、熟悉各种名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作句子的主语、表语、宾语和同位语；因此,名词性从句详细分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句；名词性从句中的连接词有连词 that / whether / i

2、f ,连接 代词 what / whom/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever ,连接副词 why / how ；where / when / 从名词性从句在句中所起的作用来说,名词性从句是句子不行缺少 的一部分,和句子的其他成分之间也不会用逗号隔开；而定语从句 和状语从句是句子中的修饰成分,去掉之后不会影响句子主体结构 的完整性；这是判定是否是名词性从句最主要的特点；如：1 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - I wonder

3、 how much these shoes cost. 宾语从句,不行省去 He is the very man I look after. 定语从句,修饰 the man You may borrow the book as long as you keep it clean. 状 语从句 1主语从句 Who will go is not important. It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not. 形式主语 it 代替后面的真正的主语从句 留意： that 引导主语从句放于句首时,不能省略；That he suddenl

4、y fell ill last week made us surprised. 2表语从句The question was who could go there. My idea is that we can get more people to help in the work. That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet. It looked as if it was going to rain. 3 . 宾语从句 I hope that everything is all right. 留意： 1that在引导宾语从句时,常可省略,但假如有

5、两个以上的宾语从句时,最终一个从句的that不能省略；如：I know that he has just graduated from college and that 2 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - he is looking for a job. 2 假如动词宾语后又有补语,那么要使用it作形式宾语,然后把宾语从句放在补语之后；如：I make it known that well be invited to the ball. 3 假如主句的谓语动词的时态是一般过去时,那么从句的时态要采纳相应

6、的与过去有关的时态,但假如从句描述的是客观事实,从句时态不行调整 “呼应”；如：She remembered that she had left her wallet at the school gate. Our teacher said that light travels faster than sound. 4同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语,一般位于该名词如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise 等之后,说明该名词的详细内容；如：I have no idea when he will be back. The fact that he

7、 had not said anything surprised everybody. 留意：在动词：一坚持 insist 、二命令 order ,command、三建议suggest , advise , recommend 、 四 要 求 demand , require ,request ,ask后的宾语从句和这些动词的过去分词后的主语从句,以及这些动词的名词引出的表语从句和同位语从句中,谓语部分常3 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 用shoulddo 形式；如：He insisted that

8、he should try once again. His advice is that everyone should do his best to help the poor girl. It is required that students should attend at least 90% of the lectures. 二、名词性从句的连接词名词性从句的连接词是名词性从句中最核心的问题,也是高考 的常考点；连接词的挑选要考虑它在从句中的作用和所表达的意 义；在句中所连接词词义例句作成分The problem is 从that / / that we dont have属enou

9、gh money.连词if/ 是否/ The question is whether whether they have so much money.4 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 在句中所连接词词义例句作成分连who/原 疑 问 代 词 的Pay attention 意义； what更to what the whom/常 表 示 ： the 主 语 、 宾teacher said. which/thing that / 语、表Who kept the whose/the that 语、定语door

10、 open all 接what所 的 东 西night was 代whoever/ unknown.词Whoever 无论谁 / 无论哪主 语 、 宾breaks the law whomever个 些 / 无论什语、表will be punished. / whichYou can take ever/ 么语、定语whichever book whatever you like. 在句中连接词词义所作成例句分5 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 原疑问副词的意义或“ 的时间 the time When

11、he will go is unknown. I wonder why 连when/ when； 的 地 点状语he tried to avoid 接the place me. where/ 副where ； 的缘由This room is why/ how 词the reason where I was why ”； 的 方 式born. This is how we 1what 与 that the way thatwork. 1 【误】 All what he did was for you. 【正】 What he did was for you. 【正】 All that he di

12、d was for you. 2 【误】 I was thinking that I could do for you. 【正】 I was thinking what I could do for you. 【解读】what 引导名词性从句,what 相当于 the thing that/ the that/ all that 等,详细的意义要依据上下文确定；在名词性从句中,what 既有意义,又在从句中作肯定的成分,而that 无意义,且在从句中不作成分；2who 与 whoever 6 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - -

13、 - - - - - 【误】 Who is the first to come will get a gift. 【正】 Whoever is the first to come will get a gift. 【正】 Anyone who is the first to come will get a gift. 【解读】whoever引导名词性从句,意为“无论谁 ”,相当于anyone who ；而 who 意为“谁”；3whether 与 if 1 【误】 They dont know if to go there. 【正】 They dont know whether to go t

14、here. 【误】 It depends on if we have enough time. 2 【正】 It depends on whether we have enough time. 【解读】 在以下情形只能用whether不能用 if ：作介词宾语时,连接词一般用whether ；It all depends on whether they will come back. 后面直接跟 or not 时,用 whether ；I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan. 主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中,只能用whether

15、 ；Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. The question is whether they have so much time. whether可与动词不定式连用,但if 不能；I have not decided whether to go or not. whether可引导一个让步状语从句,表示“不管,无论 ”,而 if7 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 不能；Whether he comes or no

16、t, we will begin our party on time. 4whoever 与 whomever 【误】 Please give the book to whomever needs it most. 【正】 Please give the book to whoever needs it most. 【解读】此处, whoever在从句中作主语,因此不能用whomever ；名词性从句引导词的挑选要留意其意义及它在从句中所 作的成分；5【误】 He will win the match is certain. 【正】 That he will win the match is

17、certain. 【正】 It is certain that he will win the match. 【解读】 that位于句首引导主语从句时,不能省略；6【误】 What we bought was some bananas. 【正】 What we bought were some bananas. 【解读】 what 引导的从句作主语时,如表示复数概念,谓语 动词就用复数；7名词性从句的语序【误】 So now you know what should you do. 【正】 So now you know what you should do. 【解读】 名词性从句应用陈述语序

18、；8 【误】 Theres a fact that English is being accepted as an important language. 8 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 【正】Its a fact that English is being accepted as an important language. 【解读】 It is a fact that句型中, It为形式主语,真正的主语为后面的 that从句； it 不能换成 there ；9【误】 He is late. Th

19、ats why he got up late this morning.【正】He is late. Thats because he got up late this morning. 【解读】 Thats why 的缘由； Thats because 那是因为 此处起床晚是迟到的缘由,故用Thats because10【误】 Well discuss the problem that the sports meeting will be held in Beijing Stadium. 【 正 】Well discuss the problem when/whether the sport

20、s meeting will be held in Beijing Stadium. 【解读】 假如用 that引导同位语从句意义不完整,这时可根据情形选用 whether, when 等；12022全国卷 We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. Athat B which C what D where 【解读】 D where 引导宾语从句,在从句中作地点状语；22022北京卷 At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a f

21、ew months to see _it got any 9 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - better.Awhen B how Cwhy D if 【解读】 D 考查宾语从句的引导词的挑选；句意为：最初他不喜爱这份新工作,但是他打算给自己几个月的时间来看一下这份工作是否会变得更好；所以用if 引导宾语从句；32022全国卷 Have you finished the book. discover No. Ive read up to _ the children the secret cave. A

22、which B what C that D where 【解读】 D 考查宾语从句连接词；答句句意为：我已经读到孩子们发觉神奇地窖的部分；where 引导的从句充当 up to 的宾语,强调地点概念；42022福建卷 We should respect food and think about the people who dont have _ we have here and treat food nicely. Athat B which C what D whether 【解读】C 考查引导词；句意为：我们应当敬重食物,考虑那些没有我们拥有的东西并很好地对待食物的人们；who 引导的定

23、语从句修饰 the people ,定语从句中又含有一个宾语从句,这个宾语从句中 we have 缺少宾语,所以用what 引导宾语从句；5 _ the flight to New York will be delayed is _Im especially worried about. 10 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - AIf; what BWhether; that CWhen; that DWhether; what 【解读】 D 句意为：到纽约的航班是否会被耽搁是我特殊担心的事情；放在句首

24、的主语从句表“是否”要用 whether 引导,而不能用 if ,what 引导表语从句；表示所担忧的事情；选 D；62022重庆卷 To improve the quality of our products,we asked for suggestions _ had used the products. Awhoever Bwho Cwhichever Dwhich 【解读】 A 考查宾语从句引导词；句意为：为了提高产品的质量,我们向任何使用过我们产品的人征求看法；这里可以表示“任何人”的只有 whoever ,引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语；正常语序应为 asked whoever ha

25、d used the products for suggestions；72022北 京 卷 _some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. AWhether BWhat C That D How 【解 读】B此题考 查主语从句的引 导词；在主语从 句_some people regard as a drawback 语,选 B；中,regard 缺少宾8. 2022北 京 卷 I want to be liked and loved for _I am inside.Awho Bwhere C what

26、D how 11 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 【解读】C此题考查名词性从句的引导词；for后跟宾语从句,从句中 am 后缺少表语,故用 what ,相当于一个名词加 that ；92022 北京卷 Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel ,David Copperfield ,was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life. Awhat B that C why D whe

27、ther the reason 作【解读】 B 此题考查表语从句的引导词；当 主语,后面接表语从句时,习惯上用 that 来连接；10Mum is coming. What present_ for your birthday.Ayou expect she has got Byou expect has she got Cdo you expect she has got Ddo you expect has she got 【 解 读 】C考 查 双 重 疑 问 句 , 疑 问 词 do you think/believe/expect句子的其他成分 句子用陈述句语序 ；11People

28、believe that there is no doubt _a cure for H1N1 has been found. Awhich B that C what D whether 【解读】 B考查同位语从句； There is no doubt that为固定句型, that 在从句中不充当成分；122022江苏卷 I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. 12 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - -

29、 Thats _ I dont agree. You should have a more active life.Awhere B how Cwhen D what 【解读】A此题考查名词性从句；where引导表语从句,在从句中作地点状语；留意agree 是不及物动词；13 Father made a promise _I passed the examination he would buy me a new dictionary. Athat B if C whether D that if 【解读】Dthat引导同位语从句；在同位语从句中又含有一个由 if 引导的条件状语从句；14 _

30、 children should learn from around us is a question of great importance. AWhere B Whom C When D How 【解读】 B考查对句式和引导词的判定才能；分析句子结构可排除 A、C、D,也可依据句意 “孩子们该向谁学习 ”得知答案；15Alice looks blue today. Yes, I asked her, but she wouldnt say _ troubled her. Awhy was it that Bthat was why Cit was what Dwhat it was tha

31、t 【解读】D考查宾语从句的语序和强调句型；句意为：“爱丽丝今日显得懊丧；” “是的,我问她为何,她没说到底是什么让她 13 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 难过； ”162022浙江卷 How about camping this weekend,just for a change.OK,_you want. Awhichever Bhowever Cwhatever Dwhoever 【解读】 C 句意： “这个周末野营怎么样,来点新奇的？” “好啊,按你的意思吧！ ”答语中谓语动词 want 缺

32、少宾语,排除 B、D项； whichever 需要在语境中给出详细范畴,所以排除 A 项；whatever 等于 anything that；172022陕西卷 It never occurred to me _you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. Awhich B what C that D if 【解读】C此题考查名词性从句中的主语从句；It 为形式主语,真正的主语从句中不缺任何成分,依据句子意思,只需要用that 连接；18 2022四 川 卷 How much one enjoys himself traveli

33、ng depends largely on _ he goes with , whether his friends or relatives. Awhat B who Chow D why 【解读】B考查连词词义辨析；宾语从句中with缺少宾语,whether his friends or relatives示意缺少的是指人的宾语；14 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 19 You know, Im English, and poor in Chinese; you are not good at

34、Thats _ we should help each other. Awhen B where C how D that 【解读】B考查名词性从句；where引导的从句作表语,where 意为“ 的地方 ”；20 The free tickets will go to _ comes first to the concert. Awhoever Bwhomever Cwhichever Dno matter who 【解读】A 此题考查名词性从句；题干句子空白处用whoever 连接宾语从句同时在宾语从句中作主语,指人；句意为：免费票将送给第一个来听音乐会的听众,不管他是谁；留意 no ma

35、tter who 只能引导状语从句,不能连接名词性从句；1 2022陕西西安分科质检 After working on the maths problem for hours,he found_he thought was the key to it.Awhat Bthat Cwhere Dwhich 解读：what 引导的名词性从句作 found 的宾语从句的主语,15 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 而且 what 在宾语从句中作主语； he thought 为插入语；答案：A 22022 济南其

36、次次统考 The hospital nearby has just got a,_ you d call it,er.a scanner.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dhow 解读：考查名词性从句；该句比较口语化；句意是“邻近的医院刚搞来一个 你们叫它什么 对,扫描器 ”；答案：C Sometimes advertisements make3 2022潍坊质量监测possible for companies to sell the customers _money can not buy.A/ ；that Bit ；what Cthat ；which Dit ；whose 解读：句意

37、为：有时广告让公司把用钱买不到的东西卖给顾客变得可能； it 是形式宾语,真正的宾语是不定式短语；what 引导的是宾语从句,并在宾语从句中作宾语；答案：B 4 2022 四川绵阳模拟 Most of_we call geniuses 天 才 are successful only because they have made 16 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - extraordinary efforts.Awhom Bwho Cwhich Dwhat 解读：分析句子成分可知 of 后的宾语从句中,

38、动词 call 后面缺少英语补足语,故用 what 引导；答案：D 5 2022宁夏银川调研 She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do_it takes to save her life.Awhichever Bhowever Cwhatever Dwhoever 解读：句意为：她对我们弥足宝贵；我们已经预备好尽一切努力挽救她的生命；这里的 whatever 既作 take 的宾语,也引导do 后的宾语从句；答案：C 62022 西城 5 月Why are you staring at me. You look stupid ！The

39、 way you wear is_annoys me most.Awhich Bwhere Chow Dwhat 解读：考查名词性从句的引导词；所选关系代词引导一个表17 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 语从句,并在从句中作主语,所以要用 what ；答案：D ,a 72022湖北武汉联考 Faced with trouble or difficultyperson takes _help that is available.Awhatever Bwhenever Cwherever Dhowever

40、 解读：句意为：面对困难或挫折,一个人会接受任何可能得到的帮忙； whatever 在此修饰 help ,意为 “无论什么 ”,而其他三个选项,不作形容词,不能修饰名词,故排除；答案：A 浙 江 温 州 联 考 The fact has worried many 8 2022scientists_the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.Awhat Bwhich Cthat Dthough 解读：句意为：近年地球越来越暖的事实让很多科学家担心 ； 从 句 “the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years 不缺少成分,因此选 C 项；that 引导的从句作 fact 的同位语；答案：C 18 / 22 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 18 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 92022 日照市调研考试 Do you know her. No.Her name rings a bell but I can t remembe