2022年高考英语专题复习系列语法资料汇总名词性从句.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 20XX 届高考英语专题复习系列语法精品资料汇总名词性从句名词性从句中连接词的正确选用that 引导的宾语从句,wh- 引导的宾语从句以及某些特别词后所跟的宾语从句that 和 wh-引导的主语从句及形式主语的几种主要句型获 that、 wh-疑问词引导的表语从句及从属连词引导的表语从句、同位语从句名词性从句中,从句部分的语序要用陈述语序,不能用凝问语序that 引导同位语从句与定语从句的区分Whether 和 if 在名词性从句中的用法区分经典易错题会诊1 名词性从句中连接词的正确选用1 典型例题 Mary wrote an article

2、on _ the team had failed to win the game. A. why B. wtat C. who D. that 易错选项 B 或 D 技巧指导 很多考生都误以为 what 在此题中充当 failed 的宾语,或认为空格后不缺成分,应选 B 或 D；实际上就此题而言,不难看出句意为“ 玛丽写了一篇关于队伍为何在比赛中失败的文章”,所以应当选用强调缘由的 why ； 标准答案 A 2 典型例题 A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when

3、易错选项 B 技巧指导 很多考生都认为应选 after,事实上从句子结构可知,空缺处应填引导宾词从句的引导词,作 do 的宾语,同时该词仍是从句中 do 的宾语,因此,应当选用 what； 标准答案 C 3.典型例题 _ made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. A. What, because B. What, that C. That, what D. That, because 易错选项 A A.because 用来强调缘由,构成因 技巧指导

4、 很多考生由于受汉语思维方式的影响,选果关系；此题主要是考查主语从句和表语从句,分,而 that 不充当句子成分,只起连结作用； 标准答案 B What 用在句首引导主语从句,充当句子成4.典型例题 His ability has never been in doubtthe question is he is prepared to work hard. 名师归纳总结 A. whether B. if C. that D. where D. 第 1 页,共 13 页 易错选项 B 技巧指导 很多同学对whether 和 if 的用法一知半解,尽管二者都有“ 是否” 的意思,但在主语、表语或同

5、位语从句中只能用whether,不能用 if ； 标准答案 A 5.典型例题 He can t answer the question hegot the money. A. what B. that C. how - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - where 易错选项 B 技巧指导 很多考生知道这是一个同位语从句,在定性思维中认为同位语从句用出 at 引导,事实上同位语从句也可用 when,where,why 等来引导,不肯定只用 that. 标准答案 C 技巧指导1.that 引导名词性从句时,在从句中无意义,不作成分,只起到连接作用,在宾语从句中

6、可 省略；He told me that he would leave soon. 2.what 与出 at 在名词性从句中的区分；Right:What he said was true. 这是一个主语从句,what 在从句中作动词said 的宾词,意思是:“ 话” 或“ 事”,此句中不能用that；That he came late made the teacher angry. 这个句子仍是主语从句；从句中意思完整,所以用 强化训练that 来引导,起到一个标志作用；1 I try to understand _ prevents them from being as happy as o

7、ne might expect although they are so rich. A. that B. what C. it D. whether 答案 : B 解析 :what 引导宾语从句；2 Although Mary is happy with her success she wonders _ will happen to her private life. A. that B. this C. it D. what 答案 : D 解析 :what 引导宾语从句；3 The dealer told me how much he was prepared to pay for my

8、 car and _ I could have the money without delay. A. what B. that C.不填D. whether 答案 : B 解析 :what 只起连结词作用,本身无义；I have found out _ they will ask to lead the vic- tory march on Saturday. A. when B. where C. whom D. what 答案 : C 解析 :whom 引导一个宾语从句,在宾语从句中又作 ask 的宾语；5 It was not until dark he found he though

9、t was the correct way to solve the problem. A. that; what B. that; that C. when; that D. when; that 答案 : A 解析 :这是一个带有宾语从句的加强调句型；主句是 not until 句型；2 that 引导的宾语从句,wh-引导的宾语从句以及某些特别词后所跟的宾语从句1.典型例题 As soon as he comes back, I will tell him when and see him. A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D.

10、 do you come 名师归纳总结 易错选项 B 第 2 页,共 13 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 技巧指导 此题是 when 引导的一个宾语从句,在名词性从句中,其从句部分一律用陈述语序,故应当用 you will come ；标准答案 A 2. 典型例题庆 The old ladys hand shook frequenfiy, She explained to her doctor _ this shaking had begun half a year before, and give up her job. , only beca

11、use of this,she had been forced to A. when; how B. how; when C. how; how D. why; why 易错选项 B 技巧指导 此题考查的是动词 explain 后引导的宾语从句的引导词选用；第一空用 how较易,但其次空很多考生填 when,其实在前一分句中已有时间状语,故此处用 when 明显不对,仍旧用 how 引导,即“ 她是如何被迫舍弃工和的”； 标准答案 C 3.典型例题 The leaders of the battle ordered all of us the work on time. A. if;finis

12、hed B. that;finish C. whether; finished D. what; finished 易错选项 A 或 C A 、C 答案均讲得通,即“ 任务是否要以接时完成”,但此题由技巧指导 很多考生认为于受 ordered 这个词的限制,应当选 标准答案 B B；其中 finish 为 should finish 的省略形式；4.典型例题 Most of the university students are confident _ they can get a good job with higher pay. A. whether B. that C. where D.

13、 when 易错选项 A 或 C 技巧指导 部分考生由于不知 confident 的含义,因而给做此题造成麻烦,confident 为“ 有信心的,信心十足的”,作表语时其后跟 that 引导的宾语从句； 标准答案 B 5.典型例题都 We find _ necessary _ we practise English every day. A. it;/ B. it;that C. it s;/ D. it s;that 易错选项 A 或 D 技巧指导 很多考生认为 necessary是一个形容词,故前面该用 be 动词；事实上当主语的谓动词为 make, find ,see等时,用 it 替

14、换从句,此时 it 用作形式宾语； 标准答案 B 技巧指导1.出 at 引导的宾语从句出at 常用来引导宾语从句,通常that 可以省略；He has told me that he will go to Shanghaitomorrow 他已经告知我他明天要去上海；留意：在 demand,order,suggest,decide 等表示要求、命令、建议、打算等意义的动词后,hat 从句 常用“should+ 动词原形” 的结构；2.wh- 引导的宾语从句I want to know what he has told you 我想知道他告知了你什么；3.形容词后所跟的宾语从句某些动态形容词 a

15、fraid,confident ,aware, certain,sure,doubtful 等在句中做表语时,后面可跟宾语从句；例句 :I am confident that I can get the job 我有信心我可以得到这份工作；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 13 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 强化训练1 We can t figure out _ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out. A.that B. as C. why D. when 答案 : C

16、 解析 :考查宾语从句, figureout 意为“ 运算出”关系副词 why；动词和宾语从句之间明显要一个表示缘由的2 A modem city has been set up in _ was a waste- land ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where 答案 : A 解析 :what 此时作介词 set up in 的宾词并在宾词从句中充当主语；3 Mr Smith suggested that all of the students _ their exercise books. A. handed in B. shoul

17、d hand in C. handing in D. that hand in 答案 : B 解析 :尽管动词suggest 用了过去式,但suggest 后如跟宾语从句,就从句部分应用shoulddo结构；4 After five hours drive, they reached _ they thought was the place they d been dreaming of. A. that B. where C. which D. what 答案 : D 解析 :reach 后缺少宾语,所以后面接的是宾语从句；在宾语从句中又缺少主语；5 It is certain little

18、 Tom can work out such a difficult problem. C. if A. whether B. that D. when 答案 : B 解析 :某些特别形容词,如sure, certain,doubtful 等 后可用 that 来引导宾语从句；3 that 和 wh-引导的主语从句及形式主语的几种主要句型1.典型例题 After Yany Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, do is walk in space. A. where B. what C. that D. how 易错选项 C 或 D our astro

19、nauts desire to 技巧指导 此题考查主语从句；第一排除 C,由于该主语从句缺成分,而 that 不充当任何成分的； where 和 how 只能充当状语成分,而本句缺少 do 的宾语,因此应选 B. 标准答案 B 2.典型例题 has been announced that we shall have our final exam next month. A. As B. It C. What D. That 易错选项 A 或 C 技巧指导 考生误以为是定语从句,把 that 后的内容部分当作一句话用作先行词；假如改成 : has been announced,we shall

20、have our. ,用 As 尚可；本句应当用 It 充当形式主语,真正的主语是 that 之后的内容； 标准答案 B 3.典型例题 It is a shame _ we lost that expensive car. A. that B. when C. as D. if It iswas a+名词 易错选项 B 或 D It 在本句中作形式主语；本句实际上是 技巧指导 很多考生不知道+that 结构；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 13 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 标准答案 A 4.典型例题 _ seems to be a fact he

21、 didn t go to attend the meeting. A. That;that B. What;that C. It;which D. It;that It seems 易错选项 A 或 B 技巧指导 考生易误以为用that 放在句首,来引导主语从句,事实上此题是“happensappears that.” 句型； h 在句中充当形式主语； 标准答案 D 5.典型例题 _ I have done is only for you. A. What B. Why C. Whatever D. Where 易错选项 技巧指导 很多考生认为此题用What 引导主语从匀,事实上从句意角度分

22、析会发觉应该用 Whatever,意为我做的任何事都是为了你”标准答案 C 技巧指导1that 引导的主语从句 that 引导的主语从句既可以放在句首也可以放在句末,在实际应用中经常采纳 it 形式主 语形式；That he passed the English test is true.It is true that he passed the English test. 2形式主语的四个主要句型 It + be + 名词 + that 从句It is a pity that. 惋惜的是,用于此句型的名词仍有 It + be + 形容词 + that 从句 It is certain tha

23、t.很确定,可用于此句型的形容词仍有 neeessary. It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that 从句 It is said that. 据说,可用于此句型的过去分词仍有 It + 不及物动词 + that 从句 如: It seems that.似乎是 似乎 factshamehonorquestion 等；clearbetternaturalimportant believedknown reported 等；可用于此句型的不及物动词仍有 happen,appear 等；强化训练1 _ there is life on another planet is almost impo

24、ssible. A. How B. That C. why D. Whether 答案 : B 解析 :That 引导主语从句；2 _ in the newspaper that the Japanese minister will arrive next week. D. He is said A. It says B. It is said C. It has said 答案 : B 解析 :构成 hiswas 十过去分词 +that 结构；3 _ is still a secret when the president will make a public speech. A. That

25、 B. He C. What D. It 答案 : D 名师归纳总结 解析 :It 充当形式主语,when 引导主语从句；第 5 页,共 13 页4 _ China is a developing country is known to all. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. That B. When C. If D. Why 答案 : A 解析 :此题是一个主语从句 .由于主语部分不缺成分,故用 that 来引导；5 _ the hidden gun was needed A. Where; discovering B. When; to

26、find C. How much; finding D. How, to discover 答案 : A 解析 :Where 引导的是主语从句,后空考查惯用法,动或被动结构；need 作“ 需要” 讲时,后接动名词主4 由 that、wh-疑问词引导的表语从句及从属连词引导的表语从句、同位语从句1.典型例题 A stroy goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. A. when B. where C. wha

27、t D. that 易错选项 C 技巧指导 同位语从句考查；此题如从句紧跟在 story 后面,就比较简单看出成分,而为防止句子头重脚轻,把 story 与它的同位语分隔开了；where, when,what 不引导同位语从句,故正确选项为 D；类似的句子仍有 : Word came that the Mayor would come to visit our school； 标准答案 D 2.典型例题京 Are you still thinking about yesterday s game. oh, thats _ A. what makes me feel excited B. wha

28、tever feels me about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited 易错选项 C 或 D 答语中表达 技巧指导 B 项本身表达有误； 考生选 C 或 D 就没有完全弄清此题的含义；的意思并不是“ 如何” 感觉,也不是“ 何时” 感觉到兴奋,而是说“ 那就是使我倍感兴奋的缘由 兴奋之处 ” ； 标准答案 A 3.典型例题 There is a feeling in me we will never know what a UFO is like. A. that B. which C. of which D. what 易错选项

29、B which 来引导一个定语从句,事实上此题是一个同位语从句,中 技巧指导 考生认为用心词是 feeling ；如懂得成定语从句,删去定语部分以后该句句意不通； 标准答案 A 4.典型例题江 The question he asked was _ the electrical equipment should be stored. A. what B. which C. where D. because 易错选项 D 技巧指导 考生忽视了题目所赐予的信息,此题空缺处之后部分成分齐全,依据句意,可以用表地点的 where 来引导表语从句,句意为“ 他问电力设备应安置在那儿”； 标准答案 C 5

30、.典型例题 The question is we should ask them for help. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 13 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. that B. whether C. if D. why 易错选项 C 技巧指导 从句意角度不难看出应当填表示“ 是否,能否” 这个含义的词,值得留意的是订不能引导表语从句,应选 B； 标准答案 B 技巧指导1.that 引导的表语从句基本结构 :主语 + 系动词 + that 从句例句 : The fact is that we have lost the game. 2.

31、wh- 疑问词引导的表语从句That is why I tell you the news. 那就是我为什么告知你这个消息的缘由；3.从属连词 as if,boecause,just as等引导的表语从句It is because I have ever heard of the story.那是由于我曾经听说过这个故事；4.同位语从句同位语从句通常由that 引导,可用于同位语从句的名词有advice, demand,doubt,fact,hope,idea, information ,message,news,order,problem ,promise, question,repuest

32、,suggestion,truth ,wish,word 等；强化训练1 The reason she gave for not being present was _ the heavy snow prevented her coming. A. /; because B. why; because C. /; that D. why; whether 答案 : C 解析 :第一空所填人的词引导定语从句,由于作gave 的宾词,可以省去；其次空用that 引导表语从句；2 The possbility _ the majority of the labor force will work a

33、t home is often discussed. A. which B. / C. that D. what 答案 : C 解析 :that 引导同位语从句,中心问为 possibility. 3 He doesn t know is he was born. A. that/where B. that/what C. where/that D. what/where 答案 : A 解析 :that,where 分别引导宾语从句,表语从句；4 What she wants to know is D. why dress she should buy. A. that B. what C.

34、which 答案 : C 解析 :此题考查表语从句用法,从句意看,应当是表挑选关系,即“ 想买哪件衣服”；5 He asked the question _ this material can stand high temperature. A. what B. why C. whether D. when 答案 : C 解析 :此题考查同位语从句,用whether 引导,意为“ 这种材料能否耐高温”；探究试题猜测角度1 名词性从句中,从句部分的语序要用陈述语序,不能用疑问语序1.经典题 These photographs will show you A. what our village l

35、ooks like 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 13 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - B. what does our village look like C. how our village look like D. how does our village look like 技巧指导 此题中空格部分明显作动词 show 的宾语,由于 look like 是及物动词短语,本句中缺少宾语,故应选用能充当宾语的 what ,排除 C、D 答案；在 A、 B 答案中,由于what 引导的从句作宾语,即是一个宾语从句,所以应当用陈述语序, 答案 A

36、猜测角度 2 that 引导同位语从句与定语从句的区分2.The news our team won the match was true. A. if B. that C. whether D. why B 项明显是疑问语序； 技巧指导 在本句中, that 在从句中不作成分,删去后为 The news was true,意思完整,因此是个同位语从句；判定是定语从句仍是同位语从句,关键看出是否作句子成分； 答案 B 猜测角度 3 Whether 和 if 在名词性从句中的用法区分3. we ll go camping next week depends on the weather. at

37、从句部分有无意义,A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 技巧指导 尽管 whether 和 if 都作“ 假如,是否” 懂得,但订不能引导主语从句,同位语从句和表语从句,而 whether 却可以引导；答案 B 强化训练1. Can you tell me _ . A. who is that woman B. who the woman is C. whom is the woman D. that woman is 答案 : B 解析 :who 引导宾语从句,应用陈述语序；2. Father made a promise _ I passed the exam

38、ination he would buy me a new dictionary. A. that B. if C. whether D. that if 答案 : D 解析 :that 引导同位语从句,同位语从句中仍包含一个if 引导的条件状语从句；3. There is some doubt _ she will be able to repay the money on time. A. that B. if C. what D. whether 答案 : D 解析 :doubt 意为“ 怀疑” ,其后的从句只能用whether 而不能用if 引导；如前面有否定词,就用 that 引导；

39、强化调练强化练习I单项挑选1 The teacher demanded that our examination paper handed in at once. A. be B. must be C. would be D. had to be 答案 : A 解析 :某些动词,如demand、suggest、order 等后接that 从句时用should do 结构, should 可以省略；名师归纳总结 2 We all agree with him on _ he said. D. how 第 8 页,共 13 页A. what B. that C. why - - - - - - -

40、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 答案 : A 解析 :置于介词后的宾语从句一般不用that 引导；本句充当said 的宾语,故用what；3 We must do well _ the party assigns us to do. A. that B. what C. which D. those 答案 : B 解析 :充当 do 的宾语,作句子成分,此时不能用 that；4 I will give this dictionary to _ wants to have it. A. whomever B. whoever C. whatever D. wherever 答案

41、 : B 解析 :空缺处既作to 的宾语,同时又作后一分句的主语,此时只能用whoever；如用 whomever ,就从句缺少主语；5 I m sorry _ your mother is iii. A. whom B. if C. that D. how 答案 : C 解析 :主语 +be+形容词 +that.结构；6 We think it important _ we should keep the balance of nature. A. whether B. what C. that D. which 答案 : B 解析 :that 引导宾语从句后置,it 为形式宾语；7 I h

42、ope _ happy while you are here. A. you to be B. for your being C. you will be D. you being 答案 : C 解析 :期望某人做某事, 不行用 hope sb to do sth；hope 后不接动名词结构,但可接宾语从句；8 We all know the news he told her. A. to which B. / C. what D. at that 答案 : B 解析 :定语从句；9 Word has come _ some American guests will come for a vi

43、sit to our college next week. A. what B. that C. whether D. when 答案 : B 解析 :同位词从句, that 不充当成分；10 Things were not _ they seemed to be. A. what B. because C. that D. where 答案 : A 解析 :what 引导表语从句；11 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as ifit A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken