2022年高考英语阅读理解专题复习指导教案.docx

《2022年高考英语阅读理解专题复习指导教案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年高考英语阅读理解专题复习指导教案.docx（10页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载高考英语阅读懂得专题复习指导教案一、英语考试大纲要求1、懂得主旨和要义；2、懂得文中详细信息；3、依据上下文推断生词的词义；5、懂得文章的基本结构；二、阅读懂得命题分类4、做出简洁判定和推理；6、懂得作者的意图、观点和态度；1、主旨大意型2、 事实细节型3、词义推测型4、推理判定型三、 事实细节型（一）、事实细节型解题要领1、文章中心是 论点 ,事实细节是 论据 或主要理由 ；有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问,所提问题一般可 直接 或间接 在文章中找到答案；2、忠实于原文上下文及全篇的规律关系

2、,决不能主观臆断；3、常见提问形式 1）Which of the following is TRUE （ Not True ）according to the information in the passage. 2） Which of the following is mentioned in the passage. 3）The author mentions all the following except _. 4）In the passage, the author states that _. 5） 以 when, where, who, what, how, why, how

3、many/much 4、例题 Example 1 （ 08 浙 E） 等词引导的疑问句；One day, I told my mother I changed my mind. I didnt want to make a success in the magazine business. “If you think you can change your mind like this,” she replied, “you will become a good-for- nothing. She insisted that, as soon as school was over, I sho

4、uld start ringing doorbells, selling magazines. Whenever I said no, she would scold me. What did the mother do when the boy wanted to give up. A. She forced him to continue. B. She punished him. C. She gave him some money. Example 2D. She changed her plan. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - -

5、 - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载Want to be a volunteer for Beijing Olympics in 2022. Recently, the recruiting started. The recruiting of Beijing Olympics V Stage 1: Beijing Volunteersolunteer starts from Aug 28, 2006 to end of March 2022. From August 28, 2006, the program opens to applicants in Beijing （and B

6、eijing only ）. Stage 2: China Volunteers From Dec, 2006, people from outside Beijing can submit their application. Stage 3: Overseas VolunteersBy March 2007, people from outside China volunteering in Olympics 2022. The Program （including in other countries ） can apply for Travel, hotel are not provi

7、ded. Only working meal is available for volunteers （makes sense, isnt it. ）If you have any questions, just call Olympics V olunteer hotline: +86-10-12308 1.Who has the most time to apply for volunteering in Olympics 2022 . A. Liling from Beijing B. Wangbing from Tianjin . C. Jane from Australia D. D

8、ongdong from Yunnan. 2.Being a volunteer in Olympics 2022 , you can enjoy free _ service. A. food B. taxi C. hotel D. ticket 事实细节型 -心得体会此题型最普遍的特点是题干中的某些词语和表达方式与原文的词语和表达方式相吻合,因此一般采纳寻读法,即先读题 ,然后 带着问题快速阅读短文,找出与问题有关的词语或句子,再对相关部分进行分析对比,找出答案；（二）词义推测型解题要领1、常见提问形式：1） Which of the following is the closest in

9、 meaning to the word？2） The word. could best be replaced by. 3） In the. paragraph, the word. means （refers to）. 4） According to the passage,. probably means. 5） The author uses the word. to mean. 2、推测词义的常见方法名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载一、是针对性的说明1）依据定义（ definition）

10、推测词义假如生词有一个句子（定语从句或是同位语 或是同位语从句）或段落来定义 ,或使用破折号,冒号,分号后的内容和引号括号中的内容加以说明和定义,那么懂得这个句子或段落本身就是推断词义；定义常用的谓语动词多为：represent, refer to, signify 等；be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, be called, define, 例 1.Do you know what a “ territory” is . A territory is an area that an animal ,usually the male, clai

11、ms（声称） as its own. 分析 由定义可推知,这里territory 指的是： “ 动物的地盘 ”；例 2.In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today分析 由同位语 an endangered wild cat 我们很快猜诞生词 ocelots 的义域： 一种濒临灭亡野 猫；例 3. Here is The Pines ,whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as cari

12、bou ,wild boar ,and reindeer with surprising sauces . According to the passage ,The Pines is a . Aplace in which you can see many mobile homes Bmountain where you can get a good view of the valley Ctown which happens to be near the Banff National Park Drestaurant where you can ask for some special k

13、inds of food 分析 通过 whose 引导的定语从句,我们可以估计到：此不难推出懂得题的答案为：D；2）依据举例推测词义 恰当的举例能够供应推测生词的重要线索；The Pines 是一家餐馆的名字,由例 4. The course gives you chances to know great power polities between nation states. It will provide more space to study particular issues such as relationship among countries in the European U

14、nion, third world debt, local and international disagreement, and the work of such international bodies as the United Nations, the European Union, NATO, and the World Bank.分析 依据 such as 后面列举的一系列例子,我们应当能推断出句中的 issue 是指 “ 议题 ” ；二、是内在规律关系名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载

15、依据内在规律关系估计词义是指应用语言学问分析和判定相关信息之间存在的规律关系,然后依据规律联系推断生词词义或大致义域；1）依据对比、比较关系推测词义在一个句子或段落中,有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述,我们可以依据生词的反义词推测其词义；表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要有：spite of, in contrast 等； 表示对比关系的句子结构：unlike, not, but, however, despite, in while 引导的并列句；同对比关系相反,比较关系表示意义上的相像关系；表示比较关系的词和短语主要有：similarly, like, just as, also, as we

16、ll as 等；例 5.A childs birthday party doesnhave to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun. What does the underlined word “A.a party designed by specialists hassle ” （paragraph 1） probably mean. B.a plan requiring careful thought C.a situation causing difficulty or trouble D.a demand made by guests 分析

17、依据对比关系, 这里 hassle 和 a basket of fun 是相反的意义, 很简洁判定懂得题的答案为 C；例 6.Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious. 该句中副词 similarly 说明短语 loves to talk 和 loquacious 之间的比较关系,其意义相近；由此我们可推断出 loquacious 的意思是 “健谈的 ” ；2）依据因果关系推测词义在句子或段落中,如两个事物现象之间构成因果关系,我们可以依据这种规律关系估计生词词义；例 7.feel that since you

18、 are my superior , it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do . ”（20XX 年上海卷）The word “presumptuous” in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to ” .“Afull of respect Btoo confident and rude Clacking in experience Dtoo shy and quiet 分析 依据 since 引导的缘由状语从句的内容（“既然你是我的上司” ）,我们可以推断这里pr

19、esumptuous 的意思是： “ 冒失的,放纵的”意思,后半句的意思是：我告知你怎么做会是一种放纵 /冒失的行为；对应的懂得题答案为：B；例 8.Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots,or young leaves. 名师归纳总结 依据缘由状语从句的内容,我们可以判定Pruning 的意思是： “修剪（树枝等）” 的意思；第 4 页,共 6 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载3）依据说明、并列、同等同义近义、反义等关系推测词义

20、在句子或段落中,我们可以利用熟识的词语,依据语言环境所表面的关系推测词义；例 9.William Shakespeare said. together.” “ The web of our life is of a mingled yarn （纱线）,good and ill The underlined word “mingled ” in the last paragraph most probably meansAsimple Bmixed Csad Dhappy 分析 句中 good and ill together 更详细地说明白 测 mingled 的意思是： “混合的,交错的”；

21、a mingled yarn 的意义,据此我们不难推例 10.Is it possible to beat high blood pressure without drugs . The answer is “ yes” , according to the researchers at Johns Hopkins and three other medical centers. 分析 依据and three other medical centers 这种并列关系,我们很简洁推断出：Johns Hopkins 是一家医疗中心；例 11.There is no reason to insult

22、 and defame the man simply because you do not agree with him. 分析 依据与 insult羞辱 ” 的同等关系推测defame 为“诋毁 ” ,“中伤 ”或“ 诽谤 ”例 12.The game Americans call soccer is known around the world as football. 分析 运用与 football 的同义关系推断为“足球 ”；例 13.The house stood at the end of a quiet neat street. The little dwelling,howev

23、er,looked neglected and cheerless. 分析 运用与 The house 近义关系可以推断 dwelling 与住宅有关 例 14.Most women in China -educated and illiterated, urban and rural, the young and old-work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. 分析 后面的 urban and rural, the young and old 之间都有反义

24、关系, 运用这个关系可以推断 illiterated 为 “未接受过训练的,即文盲”三、是通过构词法在推测词义过程中,我们仍可以依靠构词法方面的学问,从生词本身推测词义；1）依据前缀推测词义 例 15.Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex schools. 依据词根 educational （训练的）,结合前缀co-（共同,一起）,我们便可以猜出co-educational的意思是： “ 男女同校训练的” 意思；2）依据后缀推测词义名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 6 页精选学习资料

25、- - - - - - - - - 优秀教案欢迎下载the bay in an uncommercialized 例 16. Its a quiet, comfortable hotel overlooking （俯瞰）Cornish fishing village on Englands most southerly point后缀-ise/ize 意思是 “ 使成为 ；使 化 ”,结合词根 commercial （商业的） ,不难猜出uncommercialized 的意思是： “未被商业化的 ”；3）依据复合词的各部分推测词义例 17.Good tool design is import

26、ant in the prevention of overuse injuries. Well designed tools and equipment will require less force to operate them and prevent awkward （别扭的） hand positions.（20XX 年北京卷）Well-designed 或许是个生词,但我们分析该词的结构后,就能估计出其含义；它由 well （好,优秀）和 design （设计）两部分组成,合在一起便是“ 设计精致的 ” 意思；例 18. We live in a technological soci

27、ety where most goods are mass-produced by unskilled labor. Because of this, most people that craft （手艺）no longer exists. 依据合成词中的 mass （大量的）和 produce （生产）,我们可以估计 mass-produce 的意思是： “ 大批量生产；规模生产” 的意思；4）推测词性变换新词含义例 19.The other teams, disappointed, were on the bus heading home. （20XX 年山东卷）head本为名词,表头；由

28、 the bus 和 home 的语境规律可以推断,该句 head为动词,表方向,结合全句可译为“ 开往、驶向 ” ；例 20.I had first known she was wrong, that her anxiety had clouded her judgment. cloud 本为名词；分析语境规律可知,担忧会影响一个人的判定,因此该句 四、是依据生活常识clouded 应译为使难以 ；运用自身的生活体会及生活常识,依据上下文能读懂的部分,可以正确猜出词义；例 21.Birds fly with their wings, and they pick up their foods, and then eat them with their beaks and they use their claws for tearing, seizing, pulling or holding objects. 例 22.Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold. 句子的已知部分和我们的常识告知我们：beaks是 “喙” ；claws 是“爪子 ”；wither 是“ 枯萎 ” ；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 6 页