2021届高考英语二轮复习专项解密18完形填空之记叙文含解析.doc

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1、解密18完形填空之记叙文序号题型真题Part 1解密高考考点综述 备考建议Part 2对点解密考点精准说1. 真题对点析1. 对点模拟练1.Part 3强化集训真题模测、典题模测Part 1解密高考【考点综述】仔细研读近几年高考完形填空我们不难发现，记叙文是出现频率最高的一类文体，多以记人和叙事为主。具体地说，它是借助叙述、描写等手段记叙社会中的人物和事件发展过程，用以表现作者的态度和观点。记叙文多以人的思想和行为为中心，以时间或空间的变化为线索，按事件的发生、发展和结束来展开叙述。研读记叙型完形填空，可看出以下趋势：1.首句完整，线索清楚。一般作者在第一句话就交代了人物的姓名、身份、业绩或事

2、件发生的时间、地点，然后再介绍事件的发生、发展，最后得出结果。2.叙述灵活，侧重语境。文章以叙述为主，人物间对话较少，绝大部分篇章是作者在描述事件，较少加入作者的观点或评论。因此，常会出现态度与观点的跳跃变换，或语气上的差异。这增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性，从而突出了对语境的依赖，实现了在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境，辨析词语，作出选择。3.实词为主，虚词为辅。高考记叙型完形填空，篇章不长，一般在200260个词左右，始终紧扣话题中心，形成一个主题连续体。选项一般为同一词类或同一范畴。重点集中于动词、名词、形容词或副词等实词上，介词、连词、冠词等虚词的考查相对较少。实词为主，虚词为辅，更能体现在

3、语境中考查英语运用能力这一思路。【备考建议】1.利用语篇语境、逻辑关系解题完形填空主要考查根据上下文提供的信息进行分析、推理、判断的能力。所以考生在做题时通过语篇内容进行推断：把握全文，可以避免断章取义；通过上下文语境进行推断：从上下文中寻找提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行合理的推理判断。必须将词语辨析与上下文情节推理和逻辑推理结合起来，从词汇意义入手，抓住情节线索解决问题。做题时严格区分、细心比较，看其搭配、惯用法，尤其看其内涵和外延，即词义的差异，才能找出一个合乎情理的答案。2.利用搭配、同义复现、常识解题固定搭配包括固定词组搭配和语法题两种，随着“突出语篇”的命题原则，这类题目越来越少。词汇

4、复现的信息包括原词复现，同义词、近义词和反义词复现，概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如：与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。考生可以利用这些现象解题。有些情况下考生可以根据上下文的意思，从自己的生活经验、知识储备、常识和常规逻辑出发，正确理解题意，推断正确答案。Part 2对点解密【真题对点析】1（2020 全国卷3）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like

5、 anyone for whom you feel affection, 41 can also drive you mad. Theyll come rushing in, 42 their handbags been stolen. Theyll 43 that they left it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then 44 it had been in their car all the time. Theyll have out half the 45 in the shop, and want the only sty

6、le you dont have left in a 46 colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep 47 .I remember the first really 48 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was. 49 absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a “regular. After a while

7、, she 51 for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat 52 , and since shed found it too much to cope with (应对), shed taken it out on 53 people.That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in the market. Dont ta

8、ke it 56 . If a customer is rude or difficult, just think Maybe shes had a row with her husband. Maybe her childs not 57 .” Always water it down and dont let your ego (自我) get 58 . If you do, you won be able to 59 it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 60 everyones day.264

9、41. A. shopkeepersB. customersC. salespersonsD. receptionists42. A. sayingB. pretendingC. guessingD. replying43. A. agreeB. promiseC. imagineD. swear44. A. forgetB. decideC. discoverD. assume45. A. foodsB. cataloguesC. belongingsD. goods46. A. particularB. differentC. matchingD. natural47. A. fighti

10、ngB. smilingC. waitingD. changing48. A. generousB. politeC. carelessD. difficult49. A. curious aboutB. displeased withC. patient withD. uncertain about50. A. relaxedB. delightedC. surprisedD. embarrassed51. A. searchedB. arguedC. prayedD. apologized52. A. by chanceB. by herselfC. on purposeD. on dut

11、y53. A. rudeB. suchC. otherD. lonely54. A. lessonB. trickC. skillD. trade55. A. workB. shopC. meetD. quarrel56. A. kindlyB. secretlyC. personallyD. casually57. A. readyB. awayC. upD. well58. A. out of sightB. in the wayC. behind the sceneD. above the law59. A. stressB. expectC. handleD. blame60. A.

12、ruinsB. makesC. startsD. saves【答案】41.B42.A43.D44.C45.B46.D47.A48.B49.D50.B51.D52.B53.C54.A55.A56.C57.D58.B59.C60.A【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人，遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客，而有一个难缠的顾客，一开始对每件事都不满意，结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者，是因为自己和丈夫分居了，于是把气撒到其他人身上，这让作者学到了宝贵的一课，那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾，不然当事情发展成不愉快的场面时，结果只会毁了每个人的一天。41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但就像任何

13、一个你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你抓狂。A. shopkeepers店主；B. customers顾客；C. salespersons售货员；D. receptionist接待员。根据上文I care deeply about my customers可知作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。故选B。42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会冲进来，说手提包被偷了。A. saying说；B. pretending假装；C. guessing猜测；D. replying回答。结合后文their handbags been stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。故选A。43.考查动词词义辨析。

14、句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. agree同意；B. promise承诺；C. imagine想象；D. swear发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里，信誓旦旦地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选D。44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. forget忘记；B. decide决定；C. discover发现；D. assume假设。结合后文it had been in their car all the time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室，结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。

15、故选C。45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. foods食物；B. catalogues目录；C. belongings所有物；D. goods商品。结合后文in the shops可知此处指的是商店里的商品。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. particular特别的；B. different不同的；C. matching相配的；D. natural自然的。结合上文the only style you dont have left in

16、 a可知顾客试了店里一半的商品，结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色（particular）没有存货的款式。其它选项带入不符合语境。故选A。47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道店员会有多沮丧，但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A. fighting打架；B. smiling微笑；C. waiting等待；D. changing改变。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，面对这种情况，虽然店员会很沮丧，但是作者还是努力说服他们保持微笑，服务顾客。故选B。48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我们在Covent Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A. generous慷慨的；B. polite礼貌

17、的；C. careless粗心的；D. difficult难缠的，困难的。结合后文nothing was right可知这位顾客对一切都不满，很难缠。故选D。49.考查动词短语辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. curious about好奇；B. displeased with对不满意；C. patient with对有耐心；D. uncertain about对不能肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是

18、，她居然成了“常客”。A. relaxed放松的；B. delighted高兴的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。结合上下文可知这位顾客对每件事都不满意，但是居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选C。51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A. searched搜索；B. argued争论；C. prayed祈祷；D. apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，她开始为自己一开始的行为道歉。apologize for“为某事道歉”。故选D。52.考查介词短语辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在

19、一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance偶然；B. by herself她独自地；C. on purpose故意地；D. on duty值班。结合上文She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat可知女顾客和丈夫分居了，因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude粗鲁的；B. such这样的；C. other其他的；D.

20、 lonely寂寞的。结合上文since shed found it too much to cope with, shed taken it out on可知她难以应付这样压力，于是决定把气撒在其他人身上。other people“其他人”。故选C。54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. lesson课程，教训；B. trick诡计；C. skill技能；D. trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟，可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。故选A。55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. work工作；B

21、. shop购物；C. meet会面；D. quarrel争吵。结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选A。56.考查副词词义辨析。句意：别太在意。A. kindly亲切地；B. secretly秘密地；C. personally亲自地；D. casually随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你，要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些事。短语take it personally“在意，把这些放在心上”。故选C。57.考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许她的孩子不太好。A. ready迅速地；B. away离开；C. up向上；D. well好地。根据上文Mayb

22、e shes had a row with her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选D。58.考查介词短语辨析。句意：一定要淡化它，不要让你的自我妨碍你。A. out of sight看不见；B. in the way妨碍，挡道；C. behind the scene幕后；D. above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客，要淡化这种不好的情绪，不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B。59.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. stress强调；B. expect

23、期待；C. handle处理；D. blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选C。60.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. ruins毁灭；B. makes制作；C. starts开始；D. saves拯救。结合上文the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。故选A。 【对点模拟练】1Some years back my house had been b

24、roken into. I knew all my neighbors well and therefore was pretty 21 that it was Jared. The police said, Hes 22 got quite a record. If you 23 Jared, he will be 24 to juvenile detention （少管所）.”Jared was 14 and well known as a local 25 boy but still a teenager who I wouldnt like to see end up a prison

25、er. I asked the police to hold off until I could 26 Jared.When he saw me, 27 filled his eyes. I asked why he had broken into my home. Stupid mistake, he said. If I take you to 28 , youll go to the youth center, I told him. Jared showed a sense of regret and I 29 the moment. Listen, I said. Ive 30 to

26、 the police to be your mentor （导师）for one school year. This 31 you have to meet me for one hour every week, spending the time on homework and anything you like. He took the 32 We had since had many conversations. 33 but surely he opened up and told me about his broken family and his 34 of meaningful

27、 connections with others. Week after week, we sat and chatted. He repaid the 35 money. When the 10 months 36 , I told him, you did two grown-up things during the past 10 months. You showed up and 37 for what you started. Im proud of you. ”Although Jared 38 smiled and left, the experience had a 39 ef

28、fect on both of us. We kept meeting for time to time. The neighborhood 40 from a more civil, responsible Jared.21AregretfulBcuriousCastonishedDsure22AstillBneverCalreadyDseldom23ApunishBchargeCfrightenDforgive24AsentencedBdrivenCguidedDexposed25AcrazyBgreedyCtoughDnaughty26Aturn toBdeal withCreply t

29、oDargue with27AdelightBwarmthCdoubtDfear28AcourtBschoolCworkDprison29ApossessedBrememberedCseizedDignored30AappliedBlookedCappealedDsignaled31AadmitsBprovesCmeansDassumes32AchallengeBresponsibilityCleadDoffer33ALuckilyBSlowlyCFreelyDBravely34AlackBopinionCbeginningDanalysis35AextraBborrowedCstolenDp

30、rivate36AendedBprogressedCpausedDworsened37ApreparedBcompensatedCaccountedDwaited38AhardlyBdirectlyCpossiblyDsimply39AstrangeBpotentialClastingDpredictable40AheardBlearnedCsufferedDbenefited【答案】21D22C23B24A25C26B27D28A29C30A31C32D33B34A35C36A37B38D39C40D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者对社区的一个“问题男孩”宽容和帮助的故事。21考查形

31、容词词义辨析。句意：我认识我所有的邻居，所以很确定是Jared。A. regretful遗憾的；B. curious好奇的；C. astonished惊讶地；D. sure肯定的。作者对邻里非常了解，因此十分确定是Jared做的坏事。故选D。22考查副词词义辨析。句意：他已经有过不少犯罪记录了。A. still仍然；B. never从不；C. already已经；D. seldom很少。根据后面一句“如果起诉，他会被送进少管所”可知，Jared已经有不少不良行为记录。故选C。23考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你起诉Jared，他会被送进少管所。A. punish处罚；B. charge起诉；C.

32、 frighten害怕；D. forgive宽恕。根据he will be 4to juvenile detention （少管所）.可知，如果起诉，他会被送进少管所。故选B。24考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你起诉Jared，他会被送进少管所。A. sentenced宣判；B. driven迫使；C. guided指导；D. exposed揭露。根据 juvenile detention （少管所）可知，如果你起诉Jared，他会被送进少管所。短语be sentenced to被宣判。故选A。25考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jared当时14岁，是当地有名的卑鄙粗鲁的少年。A. crazy疯狂的

33、；B. greedy贪婪的；C. tough粗野的，粗鲁的；D. naughty调皮的。根据but still a teenager who I wouldnt like to see end up a prisoner可知，Jared是社区的粗鲁少年。故选C。26考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我让警察等我搞定Jared再说。A. turn to求助；B. deal with处理；C. reply to答复；D. argue with和争辩。根据下文可知，作者没有通过法律手段惩治男孩，而是与他沟通，并帮助他。故选B。27考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他看到我时，眼里充满了恐惧。我问他为什么闯进我家。

34、A. delight高兴；B. warmth温暖；C. doubt怀疑；D. fear害怕。根据上文语境“如果起诉，他会被送进少管所。”以及后面男孩的回答可知，此时男孩有些害怕。故选D。28考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我把你告上法庭，你就要去少管所。A. court法庭；B. school学校；C. work工作；D. prison监狱。根据youll go to the youth center可知，如果作者起诉，Jared会被送进少管所。故选A。29考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰瑞德表现出后悔，我抓住了时机。A. possessed拥有；B. remembered记得；C. seized抓住；

35、D. ignored忽略。根据Jared showed a sense of regret可知，作者此时是抓住了男孩有害怕，也有悔意的时机。故选C。30考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经向警察局申请做你一学年的导师。A. applied申请；B. looked看；C. appealed呼吁；D. signaled发信号。根据上文语境可知，Jared是未成年人，并且作者已经与警方沟通，所以此处“申请”最合理。故选A。31考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着你每周要和我见面一个小时，把时间花在家庭作业和任何你喜欢的事情上。A. admits承认；B. proves证明；C. means意味着；D. ass

36、umes假想。根据常识，作者成为男孩的导师就意味着男孩要定期与作者见面。故选C。32考查名词词义辨析。句意：他接受了这个提议。A. challenge挑战；B. responsibility责任；C. lead榜样；D. offer提议。因为做男孩的导师是作者提出的，所以他接受了这个提议。故选D。33考查副词词义辨析。句意：他慢慢地但最终敞开了心扉，告诉我他破碎的家庭和他与他人缺乏有意义的联系。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Slowly慢慢地；C. Freely自由地；D. Bravely勇敢地。根据后面的but surely he opened up可知，此空强调了缓慢但到最终结果的变化

37、过程。故选B。34考查名词词义辨析。句意：他慢慢地但最终敞开了心扉，告诉我他破碎的家庭和他与他人缺乏有意义的联系。A. lack缺少；B. opinion观点；C. beginning开始；D. analysis分析。根据told me about his broken family 可知，此处在讲述男孩所经历和面临的问题，因此“缺少”与别人有意义的联系更合理。故选A。35考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他还了偷来的钱。A. extra额外的；B. borrowed借来的；C. stolen偷来的；D. private私人的。根据上文ome years back my house had been

38、broken into. 可知，男孩需要归还他从作者家里偷走的钱。故选C。36考查动词词义辨析。句意：十个月结束时。A. ended结束；B. progressed进步；C. paused暂停；D. worsened更坏。根据上下文，特别是后文中的during the past 10 months可知，作者作为男孩导师的十个月结束了。故选A。37考查动词词义辨析。句意：你每天都来见我，为你开始所做的错事付出了补偿。A. prepared准备；B. compensated补偿；C. accounted解释；D. waited等待。根据 He repaid the 15money.以及showed

39、 up 可知，Jared为开始所做的错事付出了补偿。故选B。38考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然Jared只是微笑着离开了，但这段经历对我们俩都产生了持久的影响。A. hardly几乎不；B. directly直接地；C. possibly可能地；D. simply简单地，只是。本句是Although引导的让步状语从句，因此根据句意可以推断选项。尽管Jared只是笑笑就离开了，但是这段经历对我们两个都有很长久的影响。故选D。39考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然Jared只是微笑着离开了，但这段经历对我们俩都产生了持久的影响。A. strange奇怪的；B. potential可能地；C. lasti

40、ng持续的；D. predictable可预知的。根据下文 We kept meeting for time to time. The neighborhood 20 from a more civil, responsible Jared.可知，这段经历对他们俩都产生了持久的影响故选C。40考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个更文明，更负责任的杰瑞德会让邻居受益。A. heard听说；B. learned学习；C. suffered遭受；D. benefited获益。Jared发生了积极的转变，不在是问题少年，让邻居受益。故选D。【点睛】本文是一篇记叙类的完形填空，难度中等偏易。文章逻辑性较强，只要

41、读懂文章大意，基本能选出正确答案。考生做此完形填空时，要充分理解文章大意，特别注重语境的理解，前后句之间的联系，在语境中斟酌所选的答案。如小题14考查的是名词词义的辨析，根据根据told me about his broken family 可知，此处在讲述男孩所经历和面临的问题，因此“ 缺少 ”与别人有意义的联系更合理。故选A。可知，此处在讲述男孩所经历和面临的问题，因此“缺少”与别人有意义的连接更合理，从而根据语境选出正确的答案。【真题对点析】2（2020 全国卷2）It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose r

42、eal name cannot be 41 to the public because of Italys privacy laws, 42 working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” 43 by the Italian police where things 44 on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Ni

43、colo spotted two paintings he thought would look 45 above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he 47 the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had 48 from Turin. His son,

44、age 15, who had 49 an art appreciation class, thought that there was something 50 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he 51 it, he only found “Bonnard,” a French 52 he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 53 to fin

45、d a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his fathers painting.“Thats the garden in our picture,”Nicolos son told his father. They 55 learned that the painting they 56 was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They 57 the other painting and learned that it was

46、 58 Paul Gauguins “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The 59 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were 60 and worth as much as $50 million.27741AattachedBallocatedCexposedDsubmitted42AfinishedBdelayedCconsideredDtried43AattendedBreservedCcancelledDrun44AshownBfoundCkeptDhidden45AniceBfamiliarCusefulDreal46AbattledBdebatedCdiscussed