2022年高一英语上册知识点..docx

《2022年高一英语上册知识点..docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年高一英语上册知识点..docx（34页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高一英语学问点总结 上册重点词组 : 1. fond of “ 宠爱 , 爱好”接名词、代词或动词的 -ing 形式；例如: Hes fond of swimming. 他宠爱游泳；Are you fond of fresh vegetables. He is fond of his research work. 2. hunt for = look for 查找I have found the book I was hunting for.的书；hunt for a job 找工作你宠爱新奇蔬菜吗 . 他宠爱他的讨论工作；我找到了那本我在找3

2、. in order to, so as to 这两个词组都可引导不定式作目的状语 , in order to 可放于句首 , so as to 就不能 , 其否定形式为in order not to / so as not to. 如 : He went to Beijing in order / so as to attend an important meeting. In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved to us. 为了让我们留意他 , 他 朝我们又是叫喊又是挥手；4. care about 1 宠爱 , 对, 有爱好 = care

3、 for 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - She doesnt care about money.她不宠爱钱；2 关怀 = care for She thinks only of herself. She doesnt care about other people. 她只考虑自己；她不关怀别人；3 在乎, 在意 接从句或不接任何成分 These young people care nothing about what old people might say. 这些年轻人根本不在乎老人说的话；5. such a

4、s 意为“ 诸如 , ” , “ 像, ” , 是用来列举人或事物的；She teaches three subjects, such as physics and chemistry.她教三门科目 , 像物理、化学；6. drop * a line 留下便条 , 写封短信7、 make yourself at home 别客气 ; 任凭; 无拘谨 1 If you get to my house before I do, help yourself to a drink and make yourself at home. 假如你在我之前到我家 , 自己喝点饮料 , 任凭一点；8、 stay

5、 up 不睡; 熬夜 1 Ill be late home, dont stay up for me. 我将回家很晚 , 不要等我了；2 He stayed up reading until 2:00 in the morning. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 他熬夜看书直到凌晨两点；9、 come about 引起; 发生; 产生 1 How did the accident come about. 这场事故是怎么发生的 . 2 They didnt know how the change had come

6、 about. 他们不知道这个变化是怎样产生的；10、 except for 除, 之外 1 except 与 except for 的用法常有区分； except 多用于引起 同类事物中 被排除的一项；如 : He answered all the questions except the last one.除去最终一个 , 他回答了全部问题；We go there every day except Sunday. 除了星期天 , 我们每天去那里；2 except for 用于引述细节以修正句子的主要意思；如: Except for one old lady, the bus was emp

7、ty. 除去一个老太太 , 这辆公共汽车全空了；Your picture is good except for the colours. 你的画儿很好 , 只是某些颜色有问题；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3 但在现代英语中 , except for 上述第一个 例子可以是 : 也用于表示 except 的意思；如He answered all the questions except for the last one. 4 另外 , 在介词短语之前只能用 except ,不能用 except for；如 :

8、We go to bed before ten, except in the summer. 除了夏季 , 我们通常十点之前上床睡觉；11、 end up with 以, 告终 ; 以, 终止 1 The party ended up with an English song. 聚会以一首英文歌终止；12、 more or less 几乎; 差不多 ; 大约; 大致; 大体上1 Ive more or less succeeded, but they havent. 我差不多胜利了 , 而他们没有；2 Our living condition has more or less improved

9、. 我们的生活水平或多或少提高了；13、 bring in 引进; 引来; 吸取 1 We should bring in new technology. 我们应当引进新技术；2 He brings in 800 dollars a month. 他一个月挣八百美元；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 14、 get awayfrom 逃离 1 The thieves got away from the shop with all our money. 小偷带着我们全部的钱从商店逃跑了；2 I caught a re

10、ally big fish but it got away. 我钓到了一条好大的鱼 , 可是它逃掉了；15、 watch out for 留意; 留心 1 Watch out. There is a car coming. 当心. 汽车来了；2 Watch out for the hole in the road. 留神路上的那个坑；16、 see sb. off 给某人送行 Tomorrow I will see my friend off at the railway station. 明天我到火车站给伴侣送行；17、 on the other hand 另一方面 用以引出相互冲突的观点、

11、意见等, 常说 on the one hand , on the other hand 一方面 , 另一方面I know this job of mine isnt well paid, but on the other hand I dont have to work long hours. 我知道这份工作酬劳不高 间；, 但从另一方面来说 , 我也不必工作太长时名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 18、 as well as * sth 而且He is a talented musician as well as

12、 being a photographer. 她不但是摄影师仍是个天才的音乐家；19、 take place 发生 take one s place 入座、站好位置、取得位置take sb s place 或 take the place of * / sth代替、取代The Olympic Games take place / are held every four years. 20、 on fire 相当于 burning, 意为“ 燃烧 ; 着火; 起火”, 有静态的含意； Catch fire 有动态的含意；Set, on fire / set fire to , , ” ； 例如:

13、 用来表示“ 使 , 着火” 、“ 放火烧Look, the theatre is on fire. Lets go and help.瞧 , 剧院着火了, 咱们 去帮忙救火吧；21、 on holiday 在度假 , 在休假中When I was on holiday, I visited my uncle. 我在度假的时候去探望了叔叔； holidayholidays 一般指“ 休假”Tom and I are going to have a holiday. 假；Ive already had my holidays this year. 了；22、 travel agency 我和汤姆

14、预备去度我今年已经度过假名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A business that attends to the details of transportation, itinerary, and accommodations for travelers. 旅行社一种为旅行者供应细致的运输、旅行和住宿方面服务的 行业Also called: travel bureau 23、 take off 1脱下 衣服等 , 解 除 掉 He took off his wet shoes. 他脱 下了湿鞋子；2 飞机起飞

15、The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off. 飞机准时起飞；起 飞特别顺当；3 匆忙离开The six men got into the car and took off for the park. 这六个人上了车 , 匆忙离开去公园；24. go wrong v. 走错路 , 误入岐途 , 机器等 发生故障25. in all adv. 总共26. stay away v. 外出27. look up 查询 如宾语为代词 , 就代词放中间Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查单词；名师归纳

16、总结 相关词组 :look for 查找; look after 照管, 照管; look forward 第 7 页,共 22 页to 期望; look into调查 ; - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - look on 旁观 ; look out留意; look out for留意, 留心, 提防; look over翻阅, 查看, 检查 ; look around环视; look through翻阅,查看；28、 run after 追赶, 追求If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.

17、 同时追两只兔子 , 你 一只也抓不到；29、 on the air 广播We will be on the air in five minutes. 播；我们五分钟以后开头广This programme comes on the air at the same time every day.这个节目每天在同一时间播出；对, 评判很高 , 称赞 , 对,30、 think highly/well/much of印象好He was highly thought of by the manager.经理对他特别称赞；I think well of your suggestion. 我觉得你的建议很

18、好；think badly/nothing/little/lowly of, 意 , 不赞成 , 觉得, 不怎么样认为不好 , 好, 不在I don t think much of him as a teacher.我觉得他作为一个老师不怎么样；名师归纳总结 31. leave out 1 漏掉 You made a mistake Youve left out 第 8 页,共 22 页a letter “ t ” . 你出错了你漏掉了一个字母 t. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2 删掉 , 没用 I haven t changed or lef

19、t out a thing.我没有作出变动也 没有删掉任何东西；32. stare at 由于奇怪、兴奋等张着嘴巴 , 睁大眼睛地注视 , 盯着看Dont stare at foreigners. Its impolite. 不要盯着外国人看, 这样不礼 貌；比较:glare at to stare angrily at 怒视着这两个小男孩相互怒视着 , 随时预备开战；33. make jokes about 就, 说笑They make jokes about my old hat.他们就我的旧帽子说笑我；have a joke with , about , 跟某人开关于某事的玩笑；He s

20、topped to have a joke with me. play a joke on, 开某人的玩笑We played jokes on each other. 他停下来跟我开玩笑；我们相互开玩笑；v. joke about 取笑 They joked about my broken English. 他们取笑我蹩脚的 英 . 45. take over 接管; 接替; 继承what is good and still useful should be taken over. 好的有用的东西应当 继承；Our chairman has left, so Jack will take ov

21、er his job. 我们的主席走了 , 因此杰克将接名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 管 他的工作；46. break down 1 破坏 ; 拆散Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质；The peace talks are said to have broken down. 喻 据说和谈破裂了；2 机器损坏 Our truck broke down outside town.

22、我们的卡车在城外抛锚 了；The car broke down halfway to the destination. 汽车在到达目的地的中途抛 锚了；3 失败 ; 破裂 Their opposition broke down. 了；他们的反对看法打消4 精神崩溃 ; 失去掌握 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭；5 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化； 47 、 get on one s feet1 站起来 ; 站起来发言2 =stand on ones feet独立 , 经济上独立3 人 病好了

23、, 可以起床了 ; 使 复原 , 复苏 指企业48、 go through 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1 经受 ; 经受; 遭到These countries have gone / been through too many wars. 这些国家饱经战 火；2 完成 ; 做完 I didnt want to go through college. 我不想上完高校；3 通过; 批准 The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已经通过了这项 法案；Their plans

24、went through. 4 全面检查 ; 搜查他们的方案得到了批准；They went through our luggage at the customs. 在海关他们检查了我们的行 李；45. take over 接管; 接替; 继承what is good and still useful should be taken over. 好的有用的东西应当 继承；Our chairman has left, so Jack will take over his job. 我们的主席走了 , 因此杰克将接管 他的工作；46. break down 1 破坏 ; 拆散Chemicals in

25、 the body break our food down into useful 名师归纳总结 substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质；第 11 页,共 22 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - The peace talks are said to have broken down. 喻 据说和谈破裂了；2 机器损坏 Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚 了；The car broke down halfway to the destination. 汽车在到达目的地的中

26、途抛 锚了；3 失败 ; 破裂 Their opposition broke down. 了；他们的反对看法打消4 精神崩溃 ; 失去掌握 He broke down and wept. 他不禁失声痛哭；5 起化学变化 Food is broken down by chemicals. 化学物质引起食物转化； 47 、 get on one s feet1 站起来 ; 站起来发言2 =stand on ones feet独立 , 经济上独立3 人 病好了 , 可以起床了 ; 使 复原 , 复苏 指企业 48、 go through 1 经受 ; 经受; 遭到 These countries h

27、ave gone / been through too many wars. 这 些国家饱经战 火；2 完成 ; 做完 I didnt want to go through college. 我不想上完 高校；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3 通过; 批准 The law has gone through Parliament. 议会已经通过了这项 法案；Their plans went through. 4 全面检查 ; 搜查他们的方案得到了批准；They went through our luggage

28、at the customs. 在海关他们检查了我们的行 李；重点句型 : 1. “ So + be/have /助动词 / 情态动词 +主词” 的结构；此结构中的语序是 倒装的 , “ So” 代替上句中的某个成分；假如上面一句是否定句, 就使用“ Neither/Nor+be/have/ 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语” 的结构；例如 Hes tired, and so am I. =I m also tired. You can swim, and so can I. =I can also swim. She has had supper, and so can I. =I ve ha

29、d lunch, too . Tom speaks English , and so does his sister . =His sister speaks English , too . A: I went to the park yesterday. B: So did I. =I also went to the park yesterday. 2. “ So +主语 +be/have /助动词 / 情态动词” 结构中的主谓是正名师归纳总结 常语序 , so 相当于 indeed,certainly, 表示说话人对前面或对方所第 13 页,共 22 页说情形的确定、赞同或证实, 语气较

30、强 , 意思是“ 的确如此” ；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 例如 A:It was cold yesterday. 昨天很冷；B :So it was. 的确如此； =Yes , it was. A :You seem to like sports. B :So I do. =Yes , I do. A :It will be fine tomorrow. B :So it will. =Yes , it will. 3. “ 主语 +do/does/did + so” 结构指的是按上句的要求做了；此句型中 do so 代替上文中要求做的事 ,

31、以免重复；My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.=I handed in my composition on time. 语文老师叫我按时交作文 , 我照办了；4. So it is with, 或 It is the same with, 句型表示“ , 的情况 也是 如此；” 当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时 , 要表示相怜悯形 , 必需使 用本句型 , 不能使用 so 引起的倒装句；She doesnt play the piano, but she likes singin

32、g. So it is with my sister. 5、 There you are. 行了, 好；这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语；如 : There you are. Then lets have some coffee. 名师归纳总结 除此之外 , 仍可以表示“ 瞧 , 对吧 果真如此” 的语气；例如: 第 14 页,共 22 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - There you are. I knew we should find it at last. 对吧. 我就知道我们最终能找到的；6、 have some diff

33、iculty in doing sth. 干某事有困难 ; 接名词时 , 常用句型 :have some difficulty with sth. Do you have any difficulty in understanding English.你懂得英语口语有困难吗 . She said she had some difficulty with pronunciation. 她说她在发音方面有困难；7、 have a good knowledge of sth. “ 把握 , ” , “ 对, 有某种程度的明白”He has a good knowledge of London. 他对

34、伦敦有所明白；A good knowledge of languages is always useful.8、 Tree after tree went own, cut down by the water, which must have been three metres deep. 一棵又一棵的树被水冲倒、冲断；那水确定有三米深；名师归纳总结 “ must have + 过去分词” 表示对已发生事情的推测；在英语中, 第 15 页,共 22 页must , may , can 三个情态动词可用来表示对事情的推测； Must 意为“ 确定”, 语气很有把握; may 意为“ 可能” 、“

35、 或许”, 语气把握性不大；两者常用在确定句中； Can 意为“ 确定” 、“ 或许”, 常- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 用在否定句或疑问句中； Must , may , can 三者用 于表示推测时 ,其后面可跟三种不同的动词形式 :1 跟动词原形表示对现在事 情的推测 ; 2 跟 be doing 表示对正在发生事情的推测 ; 3 跟 have done 表示对已经发生 的事情的推测；例如 : Helen is Lucys good friend. She must know Lucys e -mail. 海伦是露茜 的好伴侣；她确定知道露茜的

36、电子邮件；We can hear loud voices in the meeting room. They must be quarrelling. 我们可以听到会议室很吵；他们确定在吵架；I met Jeff at the gate a moment ago. He cant have gone to Australia.我刚才仍在大门口见过杰夫；他不行能去了澳大利亚；9、 Wei Bin took out some peanuts and it was fun to see the monkey eat from his hand. 上吃花生 , 很好玩；魏彬拿出一些花生；看着猴子从他手

37、fun “ 好玩 , 趣事”, 不行数名词 , 前面不加不定冠词 a ；Youre sure to have some fun at the party tonight. 今日晚上你确定会玩 得很高兴；make fun of “ 取笑”, “ 嘲弄” ； People make fun of him only because he is wearing such a strange jacket. 人们嘲笑他只是由于他穿了一件那么古怪的衣 服；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页,共 22 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - funny adj. “ 可笑的 ,

38、 滑稽的” ； He looks very funny in his father s jacket. 他穿着他父亲的衣服 , 看上去很滑稽；10、Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea, 很多看过这部电影的人都不敢在海里游；afraid 用法说明 : 1 可怕人 / 物, 如:be afraid of * / sth 2 不敢做某事 , 如:be afraid to do sth / of doing sth He is afraid to go out / of going out alone at night

39、. 3 担忧会发生某事 , 如 : be afraid of doing sth 或 be afraid + that clause He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid of falling into the river. He seldom stands on the river bank because he is afraid that he might fall into the river. 4 给人不开心的信息或不赞同某人看法时 , 用 I m afraid , 如 : 名师归纳总结 I m afraid

40、Ive got bad news for you.第 17 页,共 22 页I m afraid I cant agree with you.- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 11、 It is polite to finish eating everything on your plate. 把你盘子里 全部东西吃完是有礼貌的；这是一个动词不定式作主语的句型, 其中 to finish eating everything 是主 语, it 是形式主语；12、 I wish you all the best.我祝你万事如意 . 用 wish 来表示希望

41、的结构是 wish * sth, 此外我们仍可以用may 来表示祝 愿 : May * do sth 如 : May you succeed. 13、 Where there is a river, there is a city. 就有城市；有河流的地方Where 在这里引导的是地点状语从句 , 相当于介词 in/ at/ to + the place + where 从句 9 定语从句 , 意思是“ 在 , 地方” ；例如: Where there is smoke, there is fire. He lives where the climate is mild.无风不起浪 ; 事出有

42、因；他住在气候暖和的地方；14、 Strong, proud, and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia . 圣彼得堡人民顽强不屈、布满骄傲、团结一样, 他们是俄罗斯当代的英雄； Strong, proud, and united 为前置定语 , 在这里相当于一个非限制性定语从句 : The people of St Petersburg , who are strong, proud, and united, are the modern heroes 名师归纳总结 of Russia .

43、当主语比较短时 , 这类短语经常放在句首；第 18 页,共 22 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 15. Congratulations.是一句庆贺用语 , 在使用时要用复数形式；其他几个通 常以复数形式显现表达特定含义的名词有 : manners 礼貌:He is a little boy with good manners. 这个小男孩很有礼 貌；regards 问候 :Please send my regards to your parents. 请代我问候你父 母；16. Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in