2004年职称英语考试综合类B级试题及答案.docx
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1、2004年职称英语考试综合类B级试题及答案第二篇 Ancient Egypt Brought Down by Famine Even ancient Egypts mighty pyramid(金字塔)builders were powerless in the face of the famine(饥荒)that helped bring down their civilization around 2180 BCNow evidence collected from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in clima
2、te thousands of kilometers to the south was ultimately to blame-and the same or worse could happen today The ancient Egyptians depended on the Niles annual floods to irrigate their cropsBut any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons(季风)southwards out of Ethiopia would have reduced these
3、floods Declining rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stabilize the soilW1len rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and into Egypt,along with sediment(沉积)from the White Nile Blue Nile mud has a different isotope(同位素)signature from th
4、at of the white NileSo by analyzing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile DeltaMichael Krom of Leeds University worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river Krom reasons that during periods of drought,the amount of Blue Nile mud in the river would be relativel
5、y highHe found that one of these periods,from 4500 to 4200 years ago. immediately came before the fall of the Egypts old Kingdom The weakened waters would have been disaster for the Egyptians“Changes that affect food supply dont have to be very large to have a ripple(波浪)effect in societies,”says Bil
6、l Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in New York Similar events today could be even more devastating,says team member Daniel Stanleya scientist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington DC“Anything humans do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect along the Nile sys
7、tem today because the populations have increased dramatically” 36 Why does the author mention “Egypts mighty pyramid builders? A Because they once worked miracles B Because they were wellbuilt C Because they were actually very weak D Because even they were unable to rescue their civilization 37 Whic
8、h of the following factors was ultimately responsible for bringing down the civilization of ancient Egypt? A Change of climate B Corrulption C flood D Population growth 38 which of the following statements is true? A The White Nile is the trunk of the River Nile B The White Nile is the trunk of the
9、Blue Nile C The White Nile is a branch of the Blue Nile D The White Nile is a branch of the River Nile 39 According to Krom,the Egypts o1d Kingdom fell A immediately after a period of drought B immediately after a period of flood C just before a drought struck D just before a flood struck 40 The wor
10、d “devastating” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by A “frustrating” B “damaging” C “defeating” D “worrying”37A这道题问的是:下面列出的几种因素中哪一种因素是造成古埃及文明毁灭的根本性因素。A说的是:气候变化。第一段中有这样一个子句:ashiftinclimatewasultimatelytoblame最终归咎于气候的变化。在第一题的题解中,我们提到了“饥荒”与“古埃及文明毁灭”的关系。但“饥荒”是表层的因素,“气候的变化”才是古埃及文明毁灭的深层的因素。因此,A
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