2022年高中英语必修一UnitFriendship知识点.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全课文再现1. Add up 增加 your score and see how many points you can get. （ P1）2. Your friend comes to school very upset. The bell rings so you need to go to class. You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down. 使某人安静下来 . / tell your friend that youve

2、got to 不得不 go to class. / tell your friend that you are concerned about 关怀 , 挂念 him/her but you have to go to class. You two will meet after class and talk then. （ P1）3. Your friend has gone on holiday 度假 and asked you to take care of （照料） his /her dog. While walking the dog 遛狗 , you were careless a

3、nd it got loose and was hit by a car. （P1）4. Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at 嘲笑 you, or just can t understand what you are going through. 经受 （P2）5. She and her family hid away 隐藏 for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. （ P2）6. I don t want to settle down 写下 a ser

4、ies of （一系列） facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty. （P2）7. For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose 有意 until half past eleven one evening in order to （目的是） have a good look at the moon for once by myself.

5、 （ P2）8. Another time five months ago, I happened to 碰巧 be upstairs one evening when the window was open . It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face 面对面 P29.He used to work 过去常做某事 outdoors even in the middle of winter. （P4）10.I m getting along well with 与某人相处友好a

6、boy in my class.（ P6）11.Join in 加入 peoples discussion. Try to make friends with与某人交伴侣 one or two classmates. P712. Mr. Jones lives alone 单独 and often feels lonely.（孤独） We communicate with each other 相互沟通 by Internet /through the Internet.（ P42）13. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难之交才是真正的伴侣 （ P

7、46）14. A friend to all is a friend to none. 滥交者无友 （P46）15. With clothes the new are the best; with friends the old are the best. 衣服是新的好；朋友是旧的好 （P46）III. 单词：1、 survey n. 调查,概述； v. 测量,检查； e.g. a. A recent survey showed most of those questioned were for the plan. 最近的民意测验显示大多数调查对象同意这项方案； b. The governor

8、 surveyed the damage caused by the tsunami.州长查看了海啸引起的破坏情形；思维拓展：1. make a survey of sth. 调查 make a general survey of sth 纵观2. survey sth. 调查,评述,检查 survey the equipment 检查设备词汇派生：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全surveyor n. 测量员,检察员2、 add v. 增加,增加 e.g. a. Shall I add your na

9、me to the list. 我可以把你的名字写进名单吗？ b. A new wing was added to the building. 这座大楼新添了一座边房；思维拓展：add up sth 把 加起来add sth to sth 把 加到 add to sth = increase 增加了；add up to 合计；总共add in 包括 ; 算进指点迷津：1. add sth to sth 是“ 把 加到 上去“ ,add to 不能分开用,意为“ 增加了 ”, 相当于increase 或 raise. 如：e.g. a. He added some sugar to the co

10、ffee. 他给咖啡里加了些糖； The bad weather added to our difficulty. 坏天气增加了我们的困难；2. add 仍可表示“ 补充说“ ,后常接从句；e.g. He added that he was satisfied with the talk. 词汇派生：addition n. 附加物additional adj. 附加的adding machine 加法机in addition to 除 之外3、 point n. 要点,尖端,含义； v. 指出它补充说他对会谈很中意；e.g. a. The point is that you shouldnt

11、have to wait so long to see a doctor. 关键是看病不应等那么久； b. He pointed to the spot where the house used to stand. 思维拓展：1. come to the point of 到了 地步to the point of 达到 的程度be on the point of doing 刚要做 There is no point in 没必要 / 没意义做 boiling point 沸点2. point to/ at 指向 point out sth to sb. 向某人指出某事 point out t

12、hat 指出 point sth to/at sb. 把 对着某人指点迷津：1. 当非善意地用手指某人时,只能用point at.他指着那所房子原先所在的地方；2. 当表示指针指向、证据说明、建筑物的朝向时,用point to. 如：e.g.The house points to the sea. 那所房子面对大海；词汇派生：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全pointed adj. 尖锐的；尖的pointless adj. 无意义的,无益的4、 upset v. 使担心,打乱 adj. 心烦意乱的e.g

13、.a. His strange behavior upset his father. 他的古怪行径困扰着他父亲； b. I understand how upset you must be feeling. 我懂得你心里有多难过；思维拓展：1. upset sb. 使某人担心 upset the plan 搅乱了方案 upset the cup 打翻了杯子 It upsets sb that 让某人心烦的是 It upsets sb to do sth 做 使某人不快；2. be upset about 对 赶到心烦指点迷津：1. upset 指由于某事的发生而心烦意乱；2. nervous

14、在做某事的过程中紧急可怕的感觉；3. anxious 因担忧某事的发生或不发生而焦虑担心；词汇派生：upset-upset-upset-upsetting 5、 concern n. 担忧,关怀,关系； v. 涉及,有关e.g. a. There is growing concern about violence on TV. 人们对电视上的暴力内容日见担忧； b. Dont be involved in what doesnt concern you. 不要管那些与你无关的事；思维拓展：1. show/express concern about/ for 对 表示关怀 / 担忧 have c

15、oncern with 和 有关系with concern 关怀地2. concern oneself about/ for 担忧 / 关怀 concern oneself with 从事,参加 concern sb./ sth 与 有关词汇派生：名师归纳总结 concerned adj. 有关的；担忧的第 3 页,共 11 页be concerned about/ over/for 关怀；挂念be concerned with/ in 牵扯进 / 参加 all parties concerned 有关各方as/so far as be concerned 就 而言e.g. As far as

16、 Im concerned, the sooner, the better. 就我而言,越快越好；6、 cheat v. 欺诈 , 作弊 n. 骗子 , 作弊者 eg. He is accused of cheating the taxman. 他被控欺诈税务员. eg. The two cheats set up tow looms. 这两个骗子支起两架织布机.- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全思维拓展： cheat sb. out of sth 骗取某人某物 cheat sb. into doing sth 骗某人做 cheat sb.

17、into the belief that 骗某人信任 catch sb. cheating in an exam 作弊被抓7、 feeling n. 感觉 , 心情 eg. have no feeling in my foot. 没有知觉 eg. can understand his feelings 解他的心情 .思维拓展：a feeling of hunger 饥饿感a feeling of danger 危急感a feeling of gratitude 感谢的心情have a feeling that 有 的预感lose feeling in ones legs 双脚失去知觉hurt

18、one s feelings 损害某人的感情hide/ mask ones feelings 隐瞒感情express feelings 表达感情构词法 :feel v. 感觉出feeler n. 触角 , 触须feelingly adv. 布满感情地8、 series n. 一系列 , 连续e.g. There has been a series of accidents at the crossing. 在那个十字路口曾经发生过一连串的事故 .思维拓展：a seires of 一连串的 , 一系列的a seroes of accidents 一连串事故a series of articles

19、 一系列文章a TV series 一部电视连续剧in series 连续 , 一系列地构词法 :serial n. 连续剧 , 连载小说9、 nature n.1 大自然 , 自然界the law of nature 自然法就the balance of nature 生态平稳the beauty of nature 大自然之美2 本性 , 性情human nature 人性a man of gentle nature 性情温顺的人3 性质 , 种类名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全be differe

20、nt in nature 性质不同思维拓展：be nature to nature 逼真by nature 天生地against nature 违反自然地in a state of nature 处于未开化的状态常用搭配 :it s natural that = its natural for sb. to do sth 做 是当然的e.g. Its natural that we should carry out the plan. = it s natural for us to carry out the plan.这个方案是当然的.搬运这件行李需要很大的力气.10、 powder n.

21、 能量 , 力气 , 权力eg. Carry this luggage requires a lot of powder. 思维拓展：be in powder 执政 , 掌权come into powder = take power 上台 , 执政under one s own power 凭借自身的力气have the power to do sth 具有 的才能beyond/ out of ones powder 力所不能及的构词法 :powerful adj. 强有力的城市因地震遭受严峻破坏.powerless adj. 无力的 , 无权的11、 suffer v. 遭受 , 忍耐eg.

22、 The city suffered serous damage from the earthquake. 练习 : suffer pain / loss / defeat / punishment / hardship 思维拓展：suffer from a bad cold 患重感冒 suffer for sth. 为 而受苦 构词法 : 痛楚 , 苦难 suffering n. sufferer n. 受难者 , 患者12、 purpose n. 目的 , 意图遭受痛楚 / 缺失 / 失败 / 惩处 / 艰巨eg. For what purpose did he go to Africa.

23、 他去非洲的目的何在.思维拓展：on purpose = by accident 有意地 for the purpose of 为了 的目的 with the purpose of 抱着 的目的 ones purpose in doing sth . 某人做 的目的 构词法 :名师归纳总结 purposeful adj. 有目的的 , 有意的第 5 页,共 11 页purposeless adj. 无目的的- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全purposely adv. 特意地 , 有意地13、 advice n. 劝说 , 建议eg. He

24、gave us some advice on how to learn a foreign language. 他就如何学习外语给我们提了一些建议 .思维拓展：give / offer sb. some advice on 就 给某人提建议ask sb. for adcice 征求某人的看法follow / take ones advice 接受某人的建议do sth. by ones advice 按某人的建议做 on / upon ones adcice 听某人的劝说构词法 :adviser / advisor n. 建议者 , 顾问advisory adj. 劝说的 , 顾问的advis

25、e v. 建议advise sb. to do sth 建议某人做 advise sb. not to do sth = adcise sb. against doing sth 建议某人不要做 advise doing sth 建议做 advise that 建议 advise sb. on 向某人提 . 建议14、 effort n. 努力eg. You should put more effort into your work. 你应当更加努力地工作 .思维拓展：make an effort to do 努力做 = make every effort to do = make grat

26、efforts to do = spare no effort to do without effort 毫不费劲地注: “全力做 . ” 的表达 :do all out to do do / try ones best to dodo all / everything / what one can to do 构词法 :effortless adj. 不费劲的你需要转变饮食习惯.15、 habit n. 习惯 , 习性eg. You need to change your eating habits. 思维拓展： develop / form the habit of = build up

27、the habit of 养成 的习惯 fall / get into the habit of 染上 的习惯 be in the habit of = have the habit of 有 的习惯 get sb. into the habit of 使某人养成. 的习惯 get out of the habit of = give up the habit of = kick / break/ drop the habit of名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全戒除 . 的习惯 do sth. out

28、 of habit 处于习惯做某事IV. 课文短语 :1. go through 通过 ; 经受 ; 认真检查 ; 完成练习：go through too many wars 经过太多的战争go through with ones promise 实践诺言The new law has gone through. 新的法律已经通过了 .The teacher went through all the students homework. 老师将同学的作业认真的检查了一遍 .思维拓展 :break through 冲破get through 完成 , 通过live through 活过 look

29、 through 浏览read through 通读see through 看穿have been through with 经受过 许多苦 through thick and thin 共患难through and through 完全 , 完全2. hide away 逃避 , 隐匿eg. a. The thief hid away in the woods for a week.小偷在树林里隐匿了一周.他们藏起了这个战士以逃避敌人.b. They hid away the solider from the enemy . 思维拓展 :常用被动语态形式的结构 :be hidden amon

30、g the woods 躲在树林里be devoted to education 献身训练be stationed in the village 驻扎在村里be buried in reading 用心阅读be seated beside me 坐在我身边3. set down 登记,放下 , 认为 , 归因于 eg. a. Set down his name and address. 登记他的名字和地址 .b.He set down the book on the bable . 他把书放在桌上 .c. I set the man down as a solier. 我以为那人是个士兵 .d

31、. I set down his bad temper to his health. 我认为他的坏脾气是由于身体的缘由 .思维拓展 :名师归纳总结 set down doing sth 着手 做 某事第 7 页,共 11 页set out to do sth. 着手做做某事set off 动身 , 引爆set up 竖起 , 创设 , 开办注:表示”登记 , 写下”时- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全set down = put down = write down = get down4. do with 处理 , 与 . 有关他不知如何处置

32、他的骆驼.eg. He didnt knkow what to do with his camel. 思维拓展 :have sth. to do with 与 有关have nothing to do with 与 无关have much / a lot of to do with 与 有很大关系指点迷津 :1 do with 表示 “处置”经常与 what 搭配 , 而 deal with 常与 how 搭配 .e.g. What to do with his camel how to deal with his camel 2 what 与 how 的其他搭配What do you thi

33、nk of .How do you like / find .What to do it next 3 do without 没有 也行.假如没有剩余的我们就只得将就了.eg. If theres none left well have to do without. 5. for once就这 / 那一次我想我们就这么一次可以放松一下.eg. a. For once yourre right . 只有这一次你是对的b. I think we might relax orselves for this once .思维拓展 :all at once 突然 ; 同时once and for all

34、 永久地 ; 一劳永逸地once in a while 有时once more / again 再一次once upon a time 从前 用于开头讲故事 at once 马上 ; 同时指点迷津 :for once = this once = just for once = for this once 6. face to face面对面地他们面对面地站着.eg. They stood face to face with each other. 思维拓展 :heart to heart 心贴心地 , 坦诚地shoulder to shouldedr 肩并肩地hand in hand 手拉手地

35、arm in arm 臂挽臂地side by side 并排地back to back 背靠背地指点迷津 :名师归纳总结 1 face-to face 是合成形容词 , 在句中作定语 .第 8 页,共 11 页eg. Well have a face-to-face interview. 我们要进行一次面对面的采访- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全2 face to face 中不用任何冠词. 类似短语如 :from door to door 挨门挨户地from mouth to mouth 口口相传地see eye to eye 完全同意地

36、from left to right 从左到右地from generation to generation 一代一代地from head to foot 从头到脚from time to tme 不时地3 face to face 常与 with 连用 , 表示 “ 与 面对面”, 在句中作状语 . 如 :eg. He came face to face with death. 他面临死亡 .7. get along with 进展 , 相处eg. a. How are you getting along with your classmates. 你与同学相处怎样 .b. He s gett

37、ing along well with his business. 他生意做得很顺当 .思维拓展 :get along well / nicely with 与 相处得很好get along badly with 与 相处得不好指点迷津 :1 get along with 中的 along 也可以用 on 替换 .中,不能用how 代替 that . 当句中2 get along with sb. 是与某人相处得如何,get along with sth 是某事进展得如何 在 He didn t know that we were getting along with them.没有 well

38、, nicely 或 badly 等词时,才用how. e.g. I want to know how they are getting along with the work. 我想知道他们的工作进展得怎么样V. 词义辨析：1. pay, salary 与 wage （1） pay 工资,薪金,是不行数名词常指按时支付的固定薪酬,也指海陆军人以及在政府部门工作的人的新酬可用来代替 salary 或 wages. 如：eg. a. How much tax do they take out of your pay. 他们从你的工资中抽多少税？ b. I get my pay every Fri

39、day. 我每星期五领薪水（） salary 薪水可用作可数或不行数名词通常指非体力劳动者（如：白领阶层的工作者或掌管业务的行政人员等）所得的酬劳,一般按月发回半年、一年发放一次如：eg. a. He is paid for his work at a high salary . 他的工作薪水很高 b. I draw my salary at the end of every month. 我每个月底领工资（） wage 工资,工钱通常指付给体力劳动者（如：蓝领工资,也可指按记时工资常用复数形式,其名师归纳总结 谓语动词也用复数有时工资多或少时,常说much / little wage, 而不

40、说 many / few wages. 如：第 9 页,共 11 页eg. a. Wages are high in this country. 这个国家的工资待遇高 b. She has a rise in her wages. 她涨了工资；2. ignore 与 be ignorant （1）ignore 装作不知,有意不理会（） be ignorant 不知道,没意识到- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全eg.a. He ignores the doctors adcice and goes on smoking.他不顾（忽视）医生的忠告

41、而连续抽烟b. I was ignorant of the fact that the boss could be so strict. 格 calm, quiet, still 与 silent （1） calm 安静的,繁重着的指无风浪或人的心情不兴奋；我不知道老板竟然那样严（） quiet 安静的,安静的指没有声音,不吵闹或心里没有苦恼、焦虑；（） still 静止的,不动的指没有运动或动作的状态；（） silent 安静的,缄默的,不发音的指没有声音或不讲话如：eg. a. He kept calm in face of great danger. 面临庞大危急他仍是保持冷静 b.He

42、 leads a quiet life. 他过着平淡的生活；c. Ask the children to keep silent. 让孩子们保持安静 d.Please keep/stay still while I take your photo. 我给你拍照时请别动； concern, anxiety, care 与 worry 1 concern 语气较轻,指对特别下的人或物的担忧； anxiety “担忧,挂念,着急,指对将来的事或不能确定的的担心,主要是怕发生不辛的事,但并非消极的悲观扫兴,而是积极地期望防止不辛,另外仍有期望做某事或获得某事的含义；（3）care “ 担忧,挂念,操劳” ,不仅指感情上的担忧,也包括在理智上对某事的挂念和操劳；4worry 担忧,苦恼,操劳,是日常用语,指过分的担忧或无济于事的担忧等如：eg. a. His childs future was his greatest concern. 孩子的前途是他最关怀的问题b. As his confidence in work increased , his anxieties about it disappeared. 由于对工作的信心曾加了,他对工作的担忧消逝了c