2022年高中英语必修四unit-单词讲解和练习.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - BOOK 4 Unit 2 Working the land 词汇练习重点单词讲解1.struggle vt. & vi. 斗争；拼搏；努力struggle with 与 斗争；和 一起战役 struggle.against 与 斗争；为反对 而斗争 A bird was caught in the net and was struggling to get free. 脱；struggle.for 为争取 而斗争 struggle+不定式,如：一只鸟被网罩住了,挣扎着想要逃struggle to one s feet 挣扎着站起来 a lif

2、e-and-death struggle 生死搏斗struggle 仍可以作名词,意思是“斗争；搏斗；努力；挣扎；难事” 等；如：With a struggle , he controlled his feelings. 2.expand vt. & vi .使变大；舒展；阐述 expand 指向四周八方的扩大扩张 extend 强调向某一方向的延长他费劲地掌握住了自己的感情；spread 指消息,疾病,瘟疫等的传播、扩散,也指把某物铺开,把胳膊张开【练习】用 expand,extend,spread,stretch 的适当形式填空；1. The man _ the information a

3、round. 2. The empire _ its country in the 16th century. 3. The road builders worked hard to _ the high way. Keys: 1. spread 2. expanded 3. extend 3.circulate vt. & vi . 循环；流传【例句】Blood circulates through the body. 血液在体内循环；【考点】1形容词： circular 圆形的；循环的；名词： circulation 循环；流通；发行量；2circulation 作“报纸、杂志等的发行量”

4、解时,是可数名词；4.thanks to thanks to 幸亏；由于；由于1. Thanks to your help, much trouble was saved. 多亏你的帮忙 , 削减了很多麻烦；2. Thanks to the bad weather, the match had been cancelled. 多亏这个倒霉天气 , 竞赛取消了；thanks to 相当于 because of /owing to /due to /thanks to /on account of /as a result of rid sb./sth. of. 使某人 /某物摆脱 1. Many

5、 people are working hard to rid the world of famine. 很多人在努力使世界不再有饥荒；2. The dentist rid him of the pain by taking out his bad tooth. 牙科医生把他的坏牙拔掉,使他免除痛苦；重点用法 rid 短语：be rid of 摆脱 get rid of 摆脱；除掉；去掉rid a house of mice 清除室内老鼠 类似用法动词 rid oneself of debt 仍清债务名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - -

6、 - - - - inform/ warn/ cure sb. of 通知 /警告 /治愈某人 6.be satisfied with be satisfied with = be content with 对 表示满意或中意1. I was not satisfied with the result. 我对那个结果感到不中意；2. Youve done well at school. Im very satisfied with you. 你在学校干得不错, 我对你很中意；重点用法 sth. satisfy sb. 某事使某人中意 be satisfied to do 对做 感到中意a sa

7、tisfied smile 中意的微笑sb. is satisfied sth. 对 表示满意或中意 be satisfied that clause 对做 感到中意a satisfied customer 感到中意的顾客feel a sense of satisfaction 感到满意感to sb s / sth s satisfaction 使某人中意的是far from satisfactory 远远不能令人满意it is satisfying to do sth 做某事是令人中意的a satisfactory explanation / performance 令人中意的说明 /演出g

8、et/obtain satisfaction from one s work 从自己的工作中得到满意7.would rather 1. I“ d rather walk than take a bus. 我情愿走路而不情愿坐公共汽车；”2. Some more wine.”“Thank you, I d rather not. I have to drive home.重点用法 would rather do A than do B = would prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做甲事 而不做乙事 would rather sb. did sth. 宁愿某

9、人做某事 从句用虚拟语气 8.therefore adv.因此 , 所以 =for that reason=consequently 常用于连接两个并列分句,其前加“and”或分号 “ ；” ；1） He was ill, and therefore could not come. 他病了 , 所以未能来；2） He has broken his leg and therefore he cant walk. 他摔坏了腿,因此不能走路了；3） We do not have enough money. Therefore we cannot afford to buy the new car.

10、我们的钱不够 ,因此买不成这辆新车；9.equip vt. & vi .配备；装备【考点聚焦】 1名词： equipment n.u 装备；设备常用搭配：office equipment 办公设备 sports equipment 运动器械2与 equip 相关的词组：equip with 配备 3equip 的过去式和过去分词都是 equipped；现在分词是 equipping ；10.export vt. & vi. 输出；出口【例句】China exports to many foreign countries. 中国向很多国家出口物资；【考点聚焦】1反义词 :import expor

11、t n. 作“ 输出；出口 ” 解时,是不行数名词；作“出口物；出口量” 解时,是可数名词；/ job / work / employment / career / profession occupation 指一个人常常担任的工作,不管是否领取工资；job 非正式用语,指一份固定的赚钱工作,不管是否需要技术和特别训练；work 多用来指工作本身,平常我们每做一件事无论大小,都可以称为 work ；employment 指受雇于他人,领取工资谋生计,并且比较固定的工作；career 指职业、事业；指某种经过特别训练而又为之献身的终身事业,带有崇高颜色；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第

12、 2 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - profession 指那些必需受到特别训练及训练才可胜任,带有专业性质的工作,多为制造性的脑力劳动；12.confuse vt. 使困惑；使犯难【例句】Her expression confused me.她的表情使我困惑；【考点聚焦】1名词： confusion n. 纷乱；紊乱；纷乱状态2常用搭配： confuse with/and 混淆；把 混同；区分不清,如：I m always confusing John with/and Paul.我始终分不清约翰和保罗；3confused 和 confusing 的区分：两

13、者都是形容词；confused 指“ 困惑的；困惑不解的；被弄糊涂的”,表示人的内心感受；confusing 使人困惑的；令人困惑的；使人纷乱的”,表示事物的状态；regret regretted vt. 对 遗憾；惋惜 n.c,u 遗憾；惋惜典例 1. If you go now, you ll regret it. 假假设你现在就走, 肯定得後悔；2. I regret to say the job has been filled. 特别愧疚 , 那个工作已经有人做了；重点用法 regret to say/tell/announce/inform 遗憾地说 /告知 /宣布 /通知regre

14、t doing / having done sth. 后悔已做了某事to ones regret 令某人后悔的是 regret that 遗憾 /后悔 练习 用括号内所供应词的适当形式填空或翻译；1. I now regret _ leave school so young. 2. _ _ _ _ 特别愧疚 , I am unable to accept your invitation. 3. I regret _ inform you that your contract will not be renewed. Keys: 1. leaving / having done 2. Much

15、to my regret/To my great regret 3. to inform 14.build up 逐步建立；逐步增强体质；开发1. You need more protein to build you up. 你需要增加蛋白质以增强体质；2. He is now trying to build up a fine reputation. 他正在努力逐步赢得好的声誉；15.lead to * 用名词作宾语：lead to sth. 导致某种事情,如：lead to further discussion 导出进一步争论；lead to disaster.导致灾难；* 用动名词作宾语

16、 lead to doing sth. 导致做了某事,如：lead to discussing it again. 导致再次争论它也可以用被动表示：lead to its/it being discussed again. 导致他被争论；* 用不定式的复合结构作宾语：lead sb. to do sth. 引导某人做某事,其中sb. 是宾语,to do sth. 是补足语,如：The experiment led them to to have to believe in its correctness. 性；All roads lead to Rome. 条条大道通罗马；试验使得他们不得不信

17、任它的正确Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness. 过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病；16.focus vt.&vi. 集中 留意力 ；聚焦 n. c,u 焦点；中心点1. Focus your camera. 把照相机的焦距调准；2. Her beauty makes her the focus of attention. 她长得美丽 , 很惹人注目；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 重点用法 focus on 集中于 focus one s

18、attention/mind/efforts on 集中 留意力 /心思 /精力 于17.reduce vt. 削减；缩减；简化【考点聚焦】1反义词： increase；名词： reduction 削减量；削减数；降低数2reduce to 使 变为更小尺寸或更简洁形式；使成为某种状态；reduce by 以 的比例、程度削减；18.keep free from/of keep.free from/of = protect sb./sth. from. 典例 使 免受 影响 /损害 ；使 不含 有害物 1. We should keep ourselves free from drugs. 我

19、们应当远离毒品；2. I hope you will keep yourself free from tobacco and alcohol. 19 ment 表达看法；作出评论n. c, u 评论；谈论comment vi.&vt. 我期望你不抽烟不喝酒；1. The scandal caused a lot of comment. 这件丑闻遭到很多谈论；2. “Will you resign, Minister.”“部长,你是要辞职吗.” “无可奉告； ” 重点用法 comment on/about sth./sb. 对某事 /某人评论make comments/no comment on

20、 sth./sb. 对某事 /某人评论 /不进行评论同步练习一请依据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式 1. Our country has become self-sufficient in _ 粮食 .2. The road signs _使糊涂 the driver.3. The only way to do that is to _ 削减 expenses.4. The school _供应 books for children.5. We took the opportunity to _沟通 experience with them. 6.He has a 晒黑的 face and bri

21、ght eyes.7. The _ 斗争 for independence was long and hard. 8. The factory must increase its _产量.9. They _用掉 all their strength in trying to climb out. 10. Our army is well _ 装备.二 句型转换依据 A 句句义,用适当的句型或短语完成B 句,使其句义相同或相近；11. A: Compared with maths I like English better. B: I _ English _ maths.12. A: Even

22、if he dies he wont give in.B: He _ _ die _ give in. 13. A: We should save the sick free from pain.B: We should _ the sick _ pain.名师归纳总结 14. A: He doesn t like to live a comfortable life.第 4 页,共 7 页B: He doesn t _ _ living a comfortable life.- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 15. A: Dr Yuan has sp

23、ent all his time on his research. B: Dr Yuan has _ all his time _ his research.三完成句子16. Sheep _ _以 为食grass.t played _ _ 17. Since he came to this class, he hasnbefore.18. _ _ 由于 his hard work, he achieved great success. 19. The policeman _ 搜查 the thief _ the lost money.20. Please _ _ 参阅 your diction

24、aries if you meet new words.四、单项填空21. _ David and Vicky _ married. For about three years.A. How long were; have been B. How long have; have been C. How long have; been D. How long did; get 22. Luckily for us, when we got there the weather _ to be fine.A. turned up B. turned out C. turned over D. tur

25、ned into23. Having heard my answer, the master nodded _ satisfaction, “ I m quite satisfied _you. ”A. with; with B. on; by C. in; to D. in; of 24. The matter must be looked into. We are supposed to have a little _ .A. rain B. weather C. patient D. look 25. In the traffic accident five were killed an

26、d twenty _.A. losing B. missed C. damaged D. injured 26. We are _ happy to hear of the success of their team.A. enough B. more than C. many more D. much many27. We wont give up _ we should fail ten times. A. even if B. since C. whether D. until28. Well, youd better not buy that shirt. Brown and blac

27、k dont go together. _ I wear it with my other shirt.A. How do you likeB. WhoC. What ifD. Which29. A middle-aged woman came _ to the bus stop only _ the bus had gone.A. run; to find名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - B. running; to findC. and ran; foundD. running; finding30._ your

28、 help, I got the first in the final-term English examination. A. Thanks to B. Without C. If not D. But for31. You should try to get a good night much work you have to do. A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever 32. Now that you have a job, you must exert 努力 yourself in _ you do at work. A. h

29、owever B. no matter what C. no matter how D. whatever 33. She is good _ playing the piano and good _ her students, which is good _ the students. A. at; for; to B. to; to; forC. at; to; for D. to; at; for 34. She watches TV _ evening and changes channels 频道 _ few minutes. A. in; every B. every; every

30、C. every; each D. every; in 35. _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 参考答案 一单词拼写 1. grain 2. confused 3. increase 4. supplies 5. exchange 6. sunburnt 7. struggle 8. output 9. expanded 10. equipped 二句型转换 11. prefer; to 12. would rather; than 13. rid; of 14. care about 15. devoted; to 三完成句子 16. feed on 17. any longer 18. Thanks to 19. searched; for 20. refer to 四、单项填空 2125 CBACD 2630 BACBA 31 35 ADCBD名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 7 页