2022高考英语二轮短文语法填空训练题（5）（含解析）.doc

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1、2014高考英语二轮短文语法填空训练题（5）及参考答案（解析）该资源针对2014英语高考必考短文语法填空的情况，搜集、整理了历年的短文语法填空，都有参考答案，有的附有参考答案的解析，排版工整，具有参考价值。语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为3l40的相应位置上。 Scientists have found “significant” amounts of water in a crater (火山口) at the moons south p

2、ole, a major 31 (discover) that will dramatically revise the description of the moon 32 a dead world and likely make it a more attractive destination for future human space missions. “The moon is alive,” declared Anthony Colaprete, the chief scientist for the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Sat

3、ellite mission, 31 used a rocket on Oct. 9 to punch a hole about 100 feet across in the moons surface, and then measured about 25 gallons of water in the form of vapor and ice. 31 thats not enough to swim in, it could indicate sufficient water in permanently shaded craters at the poles for future as

4、tronauts to live off the land. NASAs plans, currently under review by the Obama administration, call for 31 return to the moon at the end of the next decade, and 31 (construct) of a lunar base in which astronauts could live and work for months at a time. The presence of large quantities of water wou

5、ld make that plan more 31 (practice), since water could be used for drinking, breathing and even making rocket fuel. 31 , a resource-rich moon could also serve as the perfect low-gravity launch-pad (发射台) for missions that would carry astronauts and 31 families elsewhere in the solar system, 31 (real

6、ize) the dreams of generations of science-fiction writers. 【参考答案】31 discovery 32. as 33 which 34 While/Although/Though 35 a 6 construction 37 practical 38 Besides 39 their 40 fulfilling 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在标号为31-40的相应位置上。One day a r

7、ich man took his son on a trip to the country. He wanted to show his son how the poor lived so he could be thankful 31 his wealth.They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of 32 would be considered a poor family.On their return the father asked his son 33 (explain) what he had learnt. The b

8、oy, who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home, 34 (reply) in a way that shocked his father.The boy said he wanted to become a farmer. He envied the farmers who had the beautiful night stars to give them light 35 his family had only expensive lanterns. His wish to have a farm 36

9、 he could go swimming in an endless river instead of the garden pool in their home. Finally he asked his father, What makes us safer, large walls around our house 37 friends that will protect us?The boy finished by saying, 38 the trip I thought we were rich but today I learnt who is 39 (true) rich.

10、With this the boy got up and walked away, leaving his father sitting on their comfortable sofa, totally 40 (speech).【参考答案】31. for 32. what 33. to explain 34. replied 35. whilebecauseas 36. whereso 37. or 38. Before 39. truly 40. speechless广东省语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空

11、。If you want to be successful in changing your habits, you should think about changing your inner beliefs about your habits. For example, your old belief was: “I love cigarette because _1_ makes me feel good and _2_(relax). I need cigarette to be happy and relaxed.” If you keep this belief, you won

12、t be able to keep your resolution _3_(stop)smoking for very long. Instead, you should adopt this new belief: “I love yoga because it makes me feel good and relaxed. Cigarette is toxic _4_ destroys my body. Yoga makes me happy.” You should analyze your beliefs and make sure they won t stop you from c

13、hanging your habits. The _5_ is true when you try to form positive habits. If you want to start eating healthy food, here are some positive beliefs you should start thinking about: “Healthy food is very good _6_ my health. It gives me a lot of energy and I feel very good.”Everybody can change. All i

14、t takes is courage and _7_ (commit). Decide right now！to improve _8_ life by changing your habits. Take action right now! Don t be afraid. Yes, you will probably make mistakes along the way. But never forget _9_ success is guaranteed for you if you have positive habits in your life. If you refuse to

15、 quit, success _10_(be) yours.1解析结合语境考查代词。此处it代替前面的cigarette。此处表示“我喜欢抽烟，因为抽烟能使我感觉良好”。答案it2解析结合语境考查非谓语动词。由下文“I need cigarette to be happy and relaxed”可得出答案。答案relaxed3解析考查非谓语动词作定语。此处to stop用来修饰resolution，对resolution进行解释说明。也即是戒烟的决定。答案to stop4解析结合语境考查连词。由“is toxic”与“destroys”均为谓语可知此处需要并列连词。句意：香烟有毒并毁坏我的身

16、体。答案and5解析结合语境考查形容词。由上下文语境可知此处是指改变一个坏习惯与形成一个好习惯的道理是一样的，所以用same。答案same6解析结合语境考查介词。be good for sb./sth.“对有益处”。句意：健康食物对我的健康是有益处的。答案for7解析结合语境考查词性转换。空格前有连词and，因此and前后的词的词性应是一致的；由courage为名词可知，后面也应用名词，因此要用commit的名词形式commitment。答案commitment8解析结合语境考查形容词性物主代词。名词前设空，所以答案应首选限定词，此处用冠词不妥，用your限定，与下文的“changing yo

17、ur habits”相照应。答案your9解析结合语境考查that连接的宾语从句。注意动词forget后的内容“success is guaranteed for you if you have positive habits in your life”成分完整，故此处应用that。答案that10解析结合语境考查动词的时态。条件句“If you refuse to quit”用了现在时表示将来，主句需要用将来时。答案will be广东省语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Among the few scient

18、ists who have had a great effect on science and history, Albert Einstein is perhaps the _1_ (great). An American university president once commented that Einstein had created _2_ new view of the universe. His theory has completely changed the way scientists understand time and space. Now, more and m

19、ore people agree that the universe is something more complicated than _3_ they have ever thought before.Einstein _4_ (bear) in Germany in 1879. In 1914, young Einstein, already internationally famous, became a professor at an institute in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited oppo

20、rtunities for study. However, _5_ peaceful life was soon broken by the First World War.Einstein hated violence. He was deeply affected by the war; he sat _6_ (happily) in his office doing nothing and _7_ (lose) interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.In

21、 the years _8_ (follow) the First World War, people showered honor upon him. He became the head of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Theoretical Physics. In 1921 he won the Noble Prize _9_ Physics and was greatly honored and respected in Germany. However, his life was again disrupted. The Second World

22、 War broke out and Einstein had to move to the US，_10_ he lived until his death in 1955.1解析结合语境考查形容词的最高级。由上文信息可知此处表示三者以上的人之间的比较，所以用最高级。句意：在为数不多的对科学和历史有重大影响的科学家中，爱因斯坦是最伟大的。答案greatest2解析结合语境考查冠词。a new view of.“看待的一种新观点”。结合语境可知，应用a，因为不定冠词可以表示泛指。答案a3解析结合语境考查名词性从句。此处what相当于the universe that。句意为“现在越来越多的人赞

23、同这个说法：宇宙要比他们以前想象的复杂得多”。答案what4解析结合语境考查动词的时态和语态。表示人的出生常用was born。句意：爱因斯坦于1879年生于德国。答案was born5解析结合语境考查形容词性物主代词。名词前设空，答案首选限定词；结合语境可知，此处应填his。句意：然而，很快第一次世界大战把他平静的生活打破了。答案his.6解析结合语境考查词形转换。由文章中的“Einstein hated violence. He was deeply affected by the war”可知此处用happily不合适，应用它的反义词unhappily。答案unhappily7解析结合语

24、境考查动词的时态。本题易误用losing，认为其与前面的doing nothing并列。实际上doing nothing在此处作动词sat的伴随状语，动词lost表示的动作与前面的sat表示的动作并列。答案lost8解析结合语境考查非谓语动词作定语。此处意为“在第一次世界大战以后的日子里”。years与动词follow之间为主谓关系，所以用现在分词。答案following9解析结合语境考查介词的用法。表示获得某方面的诺贝尔奖时常用介词for。句意：1921年他荣获诺贝尔物理学奖，深受德国人民的爱戴。答案for10 解析结合语境考查定语从句。表示地点的名词后设空时，很多情况下选用where引导定

25、语从句。此处用where指代先行词the US，在定语从句中充当地点状语。答案where语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为3140的相应位置上。Long ago the Emperor decided to hold a swimming race between 13 different animals. The order in which they finished would decide the order of their 31

26、 (appear) in the Chinese calendar. All the animals lined up on the river bank and 32 (give) the task of getting to the opposite shore. The cat wondered how he would get across 33 he was afraid of water. The ox worried how he would cross 34 his poor eyesight. The calculating rat suggested that he and

27、 the cat 35 (jump) onto the oxs back and guide him across. The ox, steady and hard-working, did not notice the two animals on his back. In the meanwhile, the rat ran behind the unsuspecting cat and pushed 36 into the water. As the ox came ashore, the rat jumped off and finished the race first. 37 th

28、e rat got the first year 38 (name) after him and the ox got the second year. 39 the lazy pig reached the finish line in 12th place the race was over and he was awarded the final place on the calendar. From that day the cat, 40 never finished and lost his place on the calendar, became the enemy of th

29、e rat. 【参考答案】31appearance 32were given 33because / as 34with35jump 36him 37So / Thus 38named39When / After 40who语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为3140的相应位置上。I had an unusual conversation with a woman about physical limitations. Nancy suffer

30、ed 31 a serious disease and she could no longer walk. She spent her 32 (wake) hours in a wheelchair. “Im not confined (限制) to a wheelchair,” she insisted one day. “It doesnt confine me but 33 (set) me free.”She asked me, “Do you want to know 34 reason for living?”“What is it?” I wondered.“To liberat

31、e people. To set them free. Before I got my wheelchair,” she explained, “I had trouble getting around. Now I can go places! However I can free people, I want to do 35 .”“People speak of being shut in,” she continued. “People 36 are confined to a room or a house or a bed are not shut in. Theyre shut

32、out shut out of activities and shut out of peoples lives. So my aim is to liberate people, to set them free, however I can.”Because of her disease, Nancy now helps people find ways of gaining more physical 37 (free).Listen to these words from Darwin P. Kingsley: “You have powers you never dreamed 38 . You can do things you never thought you 39 do. There are no limitations in 40 you can do except the limitations of your own mind.”【参考答案】31from 32waking 33sets 34my 35it 36whothat 37freedom 38ofabout 39could 40 what- 7 -