学年高中英语UnitRobotsSectionⅣGrammar教案新人教版选修.doc
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1、Section Grammar被动语态1(教材P10)Robots are programmed(programme) and controlled by a computer.2(教材P11)It was going to be tested(test) out by Larrys wife, Claire.3(教材P11)Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered(offer) sympathy by a robot.4(教材P11)She was amazed(amaze) by his fingernails and the softn
2、ess and warmth of his skin.5(2022江苏卷)They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals will have been installed(install) by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.6When I got to the booking office, the tickets had been sold(sell) out.被动语态的根本构成和用法1被动语态的根本构成一般时进行时完成时现在am/is/are doneam/is/are being donehas/
3、havebeen done过去was/were donewas/were being donehad been done将来shall/will be doneshall/will have been doneIn our daily life, many accidents are caused by careless driving.在我们的日常生活中,许多事故是由开车不小心造成的。Effective measures are being taken by the local government to reduce the smog.当地政府正采取有效措施减少雾霾。More expres
4、sways will be built in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.为促进当地经济开展, 不久更多的高速公路将在四川建成。To my delight,I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.使我快乐的是,我从成百上千申请参加开幕仪式的人员中中选。His newly written novel had been translated into English by the end of last month.上个月末, 他刚写的小说
5、已被翻译成了英语。2使用被动语态应注意的几个问题(1)否认词not的位置:在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。He was extremely disappointed to hear that he would not be given a doctors degree.听到不会获得博士学位,他沮丧到了极点。(2)主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时,应将宾语变成被动句的主语,而将宾语补足语保存不动(这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语)。We saw him sitting there without doing anything.He was seen sitting there without doin
6、g anything.我们看见他坐在那儿,什么也没做。(3)在主动语态中,make、hear、see等词后接不定式时要省略to,但转换为被动语态时,那么不能省略to。We heard him say goodbye to his friends.He was heard to say goodbye to his friends by us.我们听到他向朋友们道别。(4)带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时,可将表示物的直接宾语变为主语,用for或to引出表示人的间接宾语,或将表示人的间接宾语变为主语。My father is telling me an interesting stor
7、y now.An interesting story is being told to me by my father now.Im being told an interesting story by my father now.我爸爸现在正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。3动词的主动形式表示被动意义(1)某些连系动词,如look, feel, smell, sound, prove等。The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。Maria proves very patient and warmh
8、earted.玛丽亚被证明很有耐心和热心。(2)有些动词如read, write, clean, wash, iron, burn, draw, cook, keep, cut, open, sell等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,常和副词well、easily、smoothly等连用,且通常用主动形式表示被动意义。The pen writes well.这只钢笔很好用。This kind of cloth washes very easily.这种布很好洗。这些动词的主语一般是表物的词,且这些物往往具有某种内在的特点,这些句子的时态多用一般现在时或一般将来时。4不用于被动语态的动词有
9、些动词不用于被动语态,如happen, cost, take place, have(有), belong to, suffer from等。An accident happened yesterday.昨天发生了一起事故。Most of the important cities of the world suffer from traffic jam.世界上大多数大城市都交通拥堵。动词不定式的被动形式1动词不定式的被动形式的根本用法动词不定式的被动形式由“tobe及物动词的过去分词构成,当动词不定式所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系时,要用动词不定式的被动形式。动词不定式的被动形式只有一
10、般式和完成式。To be given such a good opportunity made me a little surprised.被给了这么好的时机,我有点惊讶。Im going to the attend meeting to be held in the teachers office.我正准备去参加在教师办公室举行的会议。Its a great honour to be invited to attend the party.承蒙邀请参加聚会,甚是荣幸。2动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的情况(1)动词不定式与被修饰的名词或代词有逻辑上的被动关系,且与句中另一名词或代词有逻辑上
11、的主动关系时。The poor old man only has a very small room to live in.那位可怜的老人只有一个很小的房子住。(2)动词不定式跟在性质形容词后,与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时。As far as Im concerned, English is easy to learn.就我个人而言,英语容易学。(3)动词不定式与疑问词连用时。Tom had no idea which book to read first.汤姆不知道应该先读哪本书。 单句语法填空1If Bob is offered(offer) a job, is he willing
12、 to go to the remote town?2It will be the first project to be designed(design) by Chinese engineers.3Roses smartphone was left in a taxi accidentally, never to be found(find) again.4Before you enter the Eiffel Tower, your bags will be examined(examine) by a security officer.5It is a great honor for
13、me to be chosen(choose) as a volunteer for the Olympic Games.6The decision to be made(make) at tomorrows meeting will have a great effect on farmers.7The hospital has recently got new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated(treat)8Victoria went to the bookstore on Sunday morning, onl
14、y to be told(tell) that it was being decorated.9(2022天津卷)My washing machine is being repaired(repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.10New art forms were introduced(introduce) at the end of the Qing dynasty. As a result, people lost interest in papercutting.11Most airports are built
15、(build) far away from downtown, so it often takes passengers quite a long time to arrive.12(2022北京卷)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped(trap) in the mountains for two days. 单句改错1When I was trapped in the mountain, I really had no choice but to wait to be rescuing
16、.rescuingrescued2As we approached the work site, the workers were seen build the new house.buildbuilding3Though he is treating unfairly, Collin kept working hard in the company without any complaint.treatingtreated4The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people persuaded t
17、o eat healthily.在persuaded前加are5I was made play a bad role in the film, so I refused.在made后加to6The flowers are so dry and they need to be watering right away.wateringwatered7The last time I went back to my birthplace, a highspeed railway was built there.在was后加being8Other tests have been shown that l
18、aughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body.去掉been 同义句改写1In my opinion, teachers should treat every student fairly.In my opinion, every student should be treated fairly by teachers.2The strong wind damaged the roof of our old house yesterday afternoon.The roof of our old hous
19、e was damaged by the strong wind yesterday afternoon.3The librarian doesnt allow me to take the books out of the reading room.I am not allowed to take the books out of the reading room.The books are not allowed to be taken out of the reading room.4By the end of last term, the students had read more
20、than ten English books.By the end of last term, more than ten English books had been read by the students.5We are going to attend the meeting which will be held in Shanghai next month.We are going to attend the meeting to be held in Shanghai next month.6The policeman is questioning Johnson about the
21、 traffic accident at this moment.Johnson is being questioned by the policeman about the traffic accident at this moment.7In the past ten years, they have built a large number of highrise buildings in our city.In the past ten years, a large number of highrise buildings have been built in our city.8It
22、 is reported that the remains of the missing plane have been found in the mountains.The remains of the missing plane are reported to have been found in the mountains. 单句语法填空1As is known to all, the 2022 Winter Olympics will_be_held(hold) in Beijing and towns in the neighboring Hebei Province.2In Chi
23、na, the practice of presenting the best food first to the senior members of the family has_been_observed(observe) for generations.3Up to now, a large number of new houses have_been_built(build) in what used to be a wasteland.4The decision to_be_made(make) at tomorrows meeting will affect a lot of pe
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