2022高考英语 贯穿知识点看“线”（名师知识点总结训） 形容词和副词.doc

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1、形容词和副词往年考查的重点是形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法。近三年来考点开始涉及多个形容词作前置定语的排列顺序、形容词及形容词短语作状语，形容词和副词的词义比较和具体运用。要复习好这一块的知识，考生不仅要弄清其词形、词义、功能等基础知识，还要掌握同义词辨析和一词多义等重点知识。1(2013福建，31)Those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy _ priced bikes.Acompetitively BrecentlyCreasonably Da

2、ffordably解析考查副词辨析。A项“具竞争性地”；B项“最近”；C项“合理地，理性地，相当”；D项“不太昂贵地”。根据Those poor and needy teenagers(那些贫穷的青少年)可知，那个商店定价不太昂贵，故答案选D。答案D2(2013安徽，33)Its said that the power plant is now_large as what it was.Atwice as Bas twiceCtwice much Dmuch twice解析考查比较级倍数表达句型。句型为：倍数as形容词、副词原级as比较对象。故选A。答案A3(2013湖北，29)Dont de

3、fend him any more.Its obvious that he_destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.Aaccidentally BcarelesslyCdeliberately Dclumsily解析考查副词辨析。句意：不要再坦护他了。他显然是故意破坏花园栅栏的，而且没有道歉。答案C4(2013江西，24)What a terrible experience！_，youre safe nowthats the main thing.AAnyway BBesides COtherwise DTherefore解

4、析考查副词。考查副词。A项“不管怎样”；B项“而且”；C项“否则”；D项“因此”。 句意：多么可怕的经历！不管怎样，现在你是安全的，这才是主要的。可知答案为A。答案A5(2013江西，26)There are a small number of people involved，possibly _ twenty.Aas few as Bas little asCas many as Das much as解析考查比较级句型。句意表达人很少，少达20人。people为可数名词，故使用few来替代，故选A。答案A6(2013辽宁，33)This is by far_movie that I hav

5、e ever seen.Aan inspiring Ba much inspiringCthe most inspiring Dthe more inspiring解析考查形容词比较等级。根据标志性词语by far及I have ever seen可知此处使用最高级。句意：这是迄今为止我所看过的最具激励性的电影。答案C7(2013浙江，2)Mary worked here as a _ secretary and ended up getting a fulltime job with the company.Apessimistic Btemporary Cprevious Dcautiou

6、s解析考查形容词辨析。A项“悲观的”； B项“临时的”； C项“先前的”； D项“谨慎的”。根据语境词fulltime可知选B。答案B8(2013浙江，18)If what your friend comes up with surprises you，dont reject it immediately._，imagine that it is true.AThus BBesides CRather DOtherwise解析考查副词辨析。A项“那么，因此”； B项“而且”；C项“更确切地说；还不如说，相反”； D项“否则”。句意：如果你朋友想出的主意让你感到惊奇，不要立刻就反对，还不如设想它

7、是正确的。故选C。答案C9(2013安徽，30)David is_animal fur, so he wont visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house.Acurious about Ballergic toCsatisfied with Dfond of解析考查形容词辨析。根据后句“他不愿意去看望任何家里养猫狗的人”可知他对动物皮毛过敏。故选B。答案B10(2013安徽，31)If parents have children help with housework, the children will feel needed._，they

8、will learn to take care of themselves.AOn the contrary BIn a wordCThat is to say DWhats more解析考查副词短语。考查副词性短语。根据前后两句句意，可知后句为递进关系。故选D“而且”。答案D自查自纠表题号12345678910得分考点正误思考我的盲点：我将_。【典例1】 Of the two coats，Id choose the _ one to spare some money for a book.(2010四川)Acheapest BcheaperCmore expensive Dmost expe

9、nsive解析从of the two coats可知用比较级。答案B【典例2】 Speaking of all the songs he has written，I think this is probably his _ one.(2013全国)Abetterknown BwellknownCbestknown Dmostknown解析根据语境all the songs he has written可知用最高级。答案C1The businessman boasts to me that I cant find a _ gold necklace，because his shop deals

10、in the best.Agood BbetterCbest Dworse解析句意：那位商人向我夸耀说我不可能找到比这更好的金项链，因为他的商店卖的是最好的。结合句意可知，此处是“否定式比较级”表达最高级的含义，故选B。答案B2It is generally believed that teaching is _ it is a science.Aan art much as Bmuch an art asCas an art much as Das much an art as解析在同级比较as.as句式中，如果as后面的形容词作定语且其所修饰的名词前有不定冠词时，该冠词要置于形容词之后，即

11、形成“as形容词a/an单数可数名词as”结构。答案D近几年有关比较级的高考试题的特点是：试题考查间接化，即很少出现标志性单词as，than，而是通过设置语境，让考生来判断该用原级、比较级还是最高级，这种命题思路无疑增加了试题难度。【典例3】 After two years research，we now have a _ better understanding of the disease.(2013全国)Avery Bfar Cfairly Dquite解析从句中的信息词better可看出是考查比较级前的修饰语。为了突出强调或表示程度，比较级前可用much，far，a little，an

12、y，some，a bit，even，still，rather，a lot等词修饰；最高级前可被序数词及much，by far，nearly，almost等词修饰。注意A.very，C.fairly，D.quite不修饰比较级。答案B【典例4】 Are you feeling _？Yes.Im fine now.Aany well Bany better Cquite good Dquite better解析本题暗含比较级的用法，即与过去相比，感受如何。其中any修饰比较级。答案B3The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting.Why？Its

13、 _ than the films I have ever seen.Afar more interesting Bmuch less interestingCno more interesting Dany less interesting解析考查形容词比较级。程度副词far可修饰形容词比较级，置于比较级前。根据前一句语境“这部电影一点也没有趣”可知，后一句意为“为什么？我觉得它比我之前看的那些电影都有趣”。故选A。答案A4Youre driving too fast.Can you drive _？Amore slowly a bit Bslowly a bit moreCa bit mo

14、re slowly Dslowly more bit解析句意：你开车开得太快了。你能开慢一点吗？more修饰slowly，more slowly意为“更慢”；a bit修饰比较级，表示程度，意为“一点”。答案C考场揭密：近三年常考的形容词ashamed惭愧的accurate精确的(un)acceptable(不)可接受的accessible容易得到的；可进入的amusing好玩的，逗的amazing令人惊异的attractive有吸引力的annoying讨厌的，烦人的anxious担心的；急切的brilliant聪明的brief简略的casual随意的，漫不经心的complicated复杂的c

15、urious好奇的delighted高兴的，愉快的discouraged使丧气的determined坚决的，坚定的energetic精力充沛的extraordinary非同寻常的generous慷慨的instructive指导性的，指示性的independent独立的infrequent不经常的instant立即的impatient不耐心的modest谦虚的negative否定的，负面的potential潜在的promising有前途的restrictive限制的ridiculous荒谬的respectable值得尊敬的scientific科学的stressful有压力的technologic

16、al技术的troublesome麻烦的，捣蛋的urgent紧急的unconcerned不关心的worthless没用的violent暴力的；猛烈的【典例5】 He never wrote _ his first one again.Aas good book as Bsuch good a book asCso good a book as Dsuch good book as解析考查比较等级结构“as/soadj.a(n)单数可数名词as”的用法。在此比较等级结构中，形容词应放在so/as的后面，故答案为C。答案C【典例6】 I have worked with him for some t

17、ime and have found that he is _ than John.Amore efficiently a worker Ba more efficient workerCmore an efficient worker Da worker more efficiently解析考查了在含有than的比较级中名词的位置，即a/an比较级名词。答案B5It was _ that the tourists wanted to spend more time taking pictures outdoors.Aso fine weather Bsuch fine weatherCso

18、fine a weather Dsuch a fine weather解析考查了名词的位置。such形容词不可数名词that。句意：天气这么好，以至于游客们想花更多的时间到户外拍照。答案B6Much to our relief，his disease turned out to be _ than we had expected.Amore serious Bas seriousCnot so serious Dmuch less serious解析句意：令我非常宽慰的是，他的疾病没有预料的严重。答案D比较结构中放入一个名词时的语序问题常常让人感到棘手，但只要记住了以下句型，问题便能迎刃而解：

19、(1)as/soadj.a/an单数名词asHe is as honest a man as you.(2)a/an比较级adj.单数名词thanThis is a more interesting story than that one.(3)as many复数名词as；as much不可数名词asI can carry as much paper as you can.(4)as much(a/an)名词asIt is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为教学既是一种艺术也是

20、一门科学。【典例7】 We used to see each other _，but I havent heard from him since last year.(2012辽宁)Aespecially Bregularly Cparticularly Dapproximately解析考查副词辨析。句意：我们原先经常见面，但是从去年开始我就一直没有他的消息了。A“特别，尤其”；B“有规律地，经常”；C“尤其”；D“大约，大概”。答案B【典例8】 After the long journey，the three of them went back home，_.Ahungry and tire

21、dly Bhungry and tiredChungrily and tiredly Dhungrily and tired解析句意：经过长途跋涉之后，他们三人回到了家，又困又饿。表示他们三人到家后所处的状态，故用形容词作状语。答案B关注“形容词作状语”。如果不是修饰谓语动词，而是说明主语所处的状态，这时用形容词而不是副词作状语。He arrived home，cold and hungry.(此句相当于He arrived home，and he was cold and hungry.此处cold and hungry不是修饰谓语动词arrived的，而是说明主语“He”到家时的状态的)H

22、e sat there，silent.(此句相当于He sat there and he was silent.)7He looked _ at the news that his favorite team had lost the game and felt _ that Martin should have taken part in it.Asad；strong Bsadly；strongCsad；strongly Dsadly；strongly解析句中look指听到消息后所表现出来的情形，为系动词，后面接形容词作表语；feel为行为动词，后面应用副词修饰，故答案为C。答案C8(北京)

23、It was raining heavily.Little Mary felt cold, so she stood _ to her mother.Aclose Bclosely Cclosed Dclosing解析固定短语stand close to sb意为“靠近某人站着”，指具体距离；closely通常表示抽象意义的“密切地，严密地”。句意：天正在下着大雨。小玛丽感到寒冷，因此她靠着母亲站着。答案A考场揭密：近三年常考的副词absolutely当然地automatically自动地aimlessly漫无目的地conveniently方便地continuously持续地cheerfull

24、y高兴地equally平等地eventually最终地especially尤其generally大体地，广泛地naturally自然地merely极少地；仅仅personally个人地regretfully后悔地smoothly舒畅地；流利地surprisingly惊奇地unfortunately不幸的大部分形容词加ly可构成副词。但friendly，deadly，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly仍为形容词有些以ly结尾既为形容词，也为副词。daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early.The Times is a daily pap

25、er.泰晤士报是一家日报。(daily为形容词)The Times is published daily.泰晤士报每天都印刷。(daily为副词)【典例9】 He began to take political science _ only when he left school.(2013湖北)Astrictly Btruly Ccarefully Dseriously解析take.seriously重视，认真对待。答案D【典例10】 Its hard for him playing against me.Ive got nothing to play for，but for him，he

26、needs to win so _.(2013湖南)Afar Bwell Clittle Dbadly解析so badly意为“非常急切地”；so far意为“到目前为止”；so well意为“如此好”；so little意为“如此之小或少”。答案D【典例11】 Do you need any help，Lucy?Yes.The job is _ I could do myself.(2013福建)Aless than Bmore than Cno more than Dnot more than解析more than表示“超过”。答案B1no more than意为“仅仅，至多”；not m

27、ore than意为“不多于，不超过”。如：Its no more than a mile to the shop.离商店只有一英里。Ill stay here not more than three days.我将待在这里不超过三天。2no more.than译为“和一样不”，than前后两部分在意义上都是否定的。not more.than可译为“不如”。如：He is no more diligent than you.你不勤奋，他也不勤奋。He is not more diligent than you.他不像你那样勤奋。9Must I turn off the gas after co

28、oking?Of course.You can never be _ careful with that.Aenough Btoo Cso Dvery解析考查英语中固定句型“cannot/can never be too.”。意为“越越好”或“再也不过分”，所以选B.。句意为“你越小心越好”。答案B10(2012新课标全国)This restaurant wasnt _ that other restaurant we went to.Ahalf as good as Bas half good asCas good as half Dgood as half as解析考查倍数表达法。句意：这

29、家饭店还不如我们以前去的那家饭店的一半好。本句所用到的倍数表达法的结构是“倍数词as.as.”。在此结构中，应把倍数词放在as.as的前面，由此可判断A项正确。答案A11_ students are required to take part in the boat race.ATen strong young ChineseBTen Chinese strong youngCChinese ten young strongDYoung strong ten Chinese解析A项符合“限定词(ten)描绘性形容词(strong)年龄(young)国籍(Chinese)名词”的顺序，故答案为A

30、。答案A口诀：多个形容词修饰名词时的顺序限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老。颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。1China is _ country in Asia.That is，it is larger than _ country in Asia，and it is larger than _ country in Africa.Aa largest；any other；anyBa largest；any；any otherCthe largest；any；any otherDthe largest；any other；any解析句意：中国是亚洲最大的国家，比其他任何亚洲国家都大，比非洲任何一

31、个国家都大。中国属于亚洲，不属于非洲，所以第二个空填any other，第三个空填any。答案D2Sometimes the same word has _ meaning，which can be _.Adifferent slightly；confusedBslight different；confusingCslightly different；confusingDdifferent slight；confused解析句意：有时候，同一个单词意义有一点细微的差别，这让人困惑。副词修饰形容词一般前置，“令人困惑的”是用现在分词形式的形容词confusing。答案C3Well have to

32、 wait a _ two weeks to know the examination result.Afarther Bfurther Cmore Dfar解析far的比较级形式有两个：farther和further。further意为“更进一步的”，“更多的”，符合句意。如果用more，要用two more weeks。答案B4Chen Yifei(19462005)，who died in his _ fifties，was _ successful artist.Alater；a most Blatest；the mostClate；a most Dlatter；the most解析“

33、一位很成功的艺术家”，英语是a most successful artist，most与a连用，相当于very；in ones late fifties意为“在某人六十来岁时”。答案C5Visitors from around the world came to this waterside village and were amazed at this _ bridge，which had been hundreds of years old.Alittle white stone fine Bfine white stone littleCfine white little stone D

34、fine little white stone解析本句中作定语的形容词应按以下顺序排列：性质大小颜色材料。答案D6She is in her _ twenties and the city is still strange to her，_ than the easy streets and gentle hills of her distant home.Aearlier；bigger and noisier Bearly；as big and noisierCearlier；as big and noisy Dearly；bigger and noisier解析in ones early

35、twenties意为“在某人二十出头时”，她现在住的城市比她的家乡城市大但吵闹，故用比较级bigger and noisier。答案D7Dont you think Jim was brave to go bungee jumping?Personally，I thought he was _ brave.Amore mad than Bso mad asCmad more than Dtoo mad as解析句意：吉姆去蹦极你不觉得勇敢吗？我个人认为他是疯了，而不是勇敢。more.than可以将两个不同品质的形容词放在一起比较。答案A8Security cameras are restric

36、ted to _ spaces，such as hallways and exits.There will be no cameras in classrooms，locker rooms(更衣室)or bathrooms.Acommon Bprivate Cusual Dordinary解析usual意为“通常的，惯例的”，指因重复次数多而常见；ordinary意为“普通的，平常的”，指因“不特别”，“平凡”而常见；common意为“共有的，公共的”，指因众人参与而常见；private意为“私密的”。故common最符合句意。答案A9The salesman showed her sever

37、al MP3s and she chose _ one as she didnt want to spend too much money on it.Athe less expensive Bless expensiveCthe least expensive Dleast expensive解析几个MP3中最便宜的，要用最高级表示。expensive为多音节形容词，所以应为the least expensive。答案C10Ill try to finish the task ahead of time.I have to remind you that the work is not _

38、easy _ you imagine.Aso；as Btoo；as Cas；like Dthe same；as解析表达“任务并不像你想的那么简单”，应使用同等比较as.as的否定形式not as/so.as。答案A11Interviews were carried out _ over the telephone，via email or fax or face to face in four cities including Beijing，Shanghai，Guangzhou and Wuhan.Asupremely BextremelyCofficially Dslightly解析根据句

39、意，进行正式的访谈(如通过电话、电子邮件、传真或面谈)，应选副词officially。答案C12When did you first meet Tom?The first day I came to this city，_，on May 2.Aor rather Bat leastCon the whole Din a word解析or rather意为“确切地说”。答案A13I have $50，but that isnt _ enough for my journey fare.Aalmost Bnearly Chardly Dmostly解析not nearly意为“远远不(够)”。答案

40、B14Now that you like the computer so much.Why not buy it?Well，I cant afford _ computer.Athat expensive a Ba that expensiveCthat an expensive Dan expensive that解析that expensive aso expensive a，其中that为副词，相当于so。答案A15The government should think about the medical reform again and make sure of medical care，in my opinion._.The medical services and efficiency are not good at the moment.AYoure confusing me BI cannot agree moreCThats all right DGo ahead，please解析从语境上看，答话人表示赞成上文所叙述的情况。I cannot agree more.意为“我再同意不过了”。答案B 13