2021_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit5LaunchingYourCareerSectionBLearningAboutLanguage习题含解析新人教版选择性必修第四册.docx

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1、UNIT5SectionBLearningAboutLanguage课后篇巩固提升基础夯实.单词拼写1.The company wanted to hire someone with experience,someone who knows about real (房地产).答案estate2.Tom looked embarrassed,as if he were a (间谍) whose cover had been blown.答案spy3.I forgot to include my experience as an (会计) in my resume.答案accountant4.A

2、(贪婪的) young man in his neighbourhood heard the news and went into the cave himself.答案greedy5.We are a minority and must win people round to the (正义) of our cause.答案justice6.He was (指控) of robbing a bank and was sentenced to ten years in prison.答案accused7.China is a (社会主义的) country,and a developing c

3、ountry as well.答案socialist.短语填空make great contributions to,come to a conclusion,of great importance,be accused of,be devoted to,in spite of,along with,make the most of1.After the systematic investigation and study,they .答案came to a conclusion2.We all hope to make the acquaintance of more people,whic

4、h is to us.答案of great importance3.With our knowledge based on practice,we can our society.答案make great contributions to4.This company using misleading advertisements in its promotion of the diet pills.答案was accused of5.Only when we realize the importance of helping each other can we building a harmo

5、nious society.答案be devoted to6.You had better your intelligence to serve the people.答案make the most of7. the large-scale construction of roads and highways,there is still much room for improvement.答案In spite of8.your wonderful innovation,you need to hand in a report,explaining how you came up with t

6、he idea.答案Along with.写出画线部分的句子成分并翻译下列长句1.This book can give you the answers to the questions most often asked by parents,teachers and students themselves.答案过去分词短语作定语。句意:这本书可以给你父母、老师和学生自己最常问的问题的答案。2.Walking together,my father and I used to have a lot of conversations through which I learned lessons f

7、rom his experiences.答案定语从句。句意:走在一起,我父亲和我曾经有很多对话,通过这些对话,我从他的经历中吸取了教训。3.The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities,even if they have the interest.答案让步状语从句。句意:工程师们非常繁忙,即使他们有户外体育活动的兴趣也没有时间去做。4.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school d

8、uring the day,unless they are accompanied by an adult.答案条件状语从句。句意:学校规章规定,除非有成年人陪同,否则孩子们在校期间不能出学校。5.We should respect food and think about the people who dont have what we have here and treat food nicely.答案宾语从句。句意:我们应该尊重食物,想想那些没有我们这里所拥有的东西的人,好好对待食物。6.Johns success has nothing to do with good luck.It

9、is years of hard work that has made him what he is today.答案强调句。句意:约翰的成功与好运无关。正是多年的努力使他成就了今天的自己。7.No matter how carefully you plan your finances,no one can predict when the unexpected will happen.答案宾语从句。句意:无论你对自己的财务计划得多么仔细,没有人会预测到什么时候一些突发事件会发生。8.As a grass-roots singer,she reads everything she can ge

10、t hold of concerning music,and takes every opportunity to improve herself.答案定语从句。句意:作为一名草根歌手,她阅读她能得到的与音乐相关的所有资料,并且利用每一次机会去提高自己。素养提升.阅读理解主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:记叙文词数:332难度:They asked Katherine Johnson for the moon,and she gave it to them.With little more than a pencil,a slide rule and one of the finest mathem

11、atical minds in the country,Mrs.Johnson,who died at 101 on Monday,calculated the precise trajectories(轨道) that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and,after Neil Armstrongs history-making moonwalk,let it return to Earth.Yet throughout Mrs.Johnsons 33 years in NASA and for decades afterward,

12、almost no one knew her name.Mrs.Johnson was one of several hundred strictly educated,supremely capable yet largely unrecognised women who,well before the modern feminist movement,worked as NASA mathematicians.But it was not only her sex that kept her long unsung.For some years at midcentury,the blac

13、k women were subjected to a double segregation (隔离):They were kept separate from the much large group of white women who in turn were segregated from the agencys male mathematicians and engineers.Mrs.Johnson broke barriers at NASA.In old age,Mrs.Johnson became the most celebrated black women who ser

14、ved as mathematicians for the space agency.Their story was told in the 2016 Hollywood film HiddenFigures,which was nominated for three Oscars,including the best picture.In 2017,NASA dedicated a building in her honour.That year,TheWashingtonPost described her as “the most high-profile of the computer

15、s”“computers” being the term originally used to describe Mrs.Johnson and her colleagues,much as the word “typewriters” was used in the 19th century to represent professional typists.She “helped our nation enlarge the frontiers of space,”NASAs administrator,Jim Bridenstine,said in a statement on Mond

16、ay,“even as she made huge steps that also opened doors for women and people of colour in the universal human quest to explore space.”As Mrs.Johnson herself was fond of saying,her tenure(任期) at Langley from 1953 until her retirement in 1986 was “a time when computers wore skirts”.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介

17、绍了约翰逊夫人对美国宇航局在数学计算方面所作出的巨大贡献的事情,由于她的黑人身份,她多年后才被社会所认识。1.What is the function of the first paragraph?A.To present the Apollo moon mission.B.To stress Mrs.Johnsons contributions.C.To honour Neil Armstrongs moonwalk.D To mourn a great womanMrs.Johnson.答案B解析推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Mrs.Johnson,whodiedat101onMonda

18、y,calculatedtheprecisetrajectoriesthatwouldletApollo11landonthemoonin1969and,afterNeilArmstrongshistory-makingmoonwalk,letitreturntoEarth.”可知,本段的作用就是在强调约翰逊夫人的重要贡献。2.What does the underlined word “barriers” in paragraph 4 refer to?A.Gender inequality and color line.B.Mrs.Johnsons unrecognised talents

19、.C.The agencys male mathematicians and engineers.D.The hardships before the modern feminist movement.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据第三段提到的“黑人女性受到双重隔离,他们与大量白人女性分开,而这些女性又与该机构的男性数学家和工程师分开”可知,画线单词指的就是上文提到的“性别不平等和种族界限”。3.Why were Mrs.Johnson and her colleagues described as “computers”?A.Because they used computers to keep

20、 their work secret.B.Because they were the agencys human calculators.C.Because computer systems engaged them deeply.D.Because they opened a door to outer space.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“Thatyear,TheWashingtonPostdescribedherasthemosthigh-profileofthecomputerscomputersbeingthetermoriginallyusedtodescribeM

21、rs.Johnsonandhercolleagues,muchasthewordtypewriterswasusedinthe19thcenturytorepresentprofessionaltypists.”可知,他们都是美国宇航局的活人计算器。4.What can we learn from Mrs.Johnsons experience?A.Try things that may not work.B.The world awaits our discovery.C.Use knowledge to wipe out ignorance.D.Never be limited by th

22、e labels attached by others.答案D解析推理判断题。通读全文可知,作为黑人,约翰逊夫人对美国的航天事业做出了巨大的贡献。她的经历告诉我们,我们切不可却步于别人给我们所贴的标签。.七选五主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文词数:275难度:WanttoBeHappyatWork?CareLessAboutItA friend recently told me that she was ready to quit her job,explaining to me that there were big changes at her workplace and no way

23、she could perform all her tasks on time.1For many of us introverts(内向的人),our professional efforts and results are a reflection of ourselves and our dedication to our employer.Because we arent the social butterflies of the office.We feel a need to prove to our superiors that we are smart,hard-working

24、,and dependable.For people like me and my close-to-quitting friend,the concept of giving anything less than our best doesnt cross our mind.2We are disappointed and frustrated when we can t always achieve those standards.Its great to make a difference at work,but you have to take care of yourself fir

25、st.Putting in slightly less effort in times of high stress doesnt mean you dont care about your job.3Consider this saying:The perfect is the enemy of the good.When you reduce the pressure on yourself to attain perfection,you can flow more quickly and easily through your tasks.4Here is my advice for

26、you when you find yourself in the midst of panic.First,ask yourself:whats the worst that will happen if I miss a deadline by one day?5 Write down the specific tasks that are causing the feelings of stress.Talk it out with a friend or family member.You might discover that the situation isnt as horrib

27、le as you thought.By approaching your tasks one at a time you can make real progress.A.We set high standards for ourselves.B.It means you care about yourself more.C.The pressure on yourself shouldnt be ignored.D.You might achieve more when you care less.E.As her friend whod been in a similar situati

28、on,I wanted to help.F.Next,slow down and analyze what,precisely,is stressing you out.G.Freedom from the weight of perfection can be creatively liberating.答案与解析【语篇解读】作者劝解要辞职的朋友,工作中要想快乐,就要少一些担心,不考虑太多,不要太过于追求工作中的完美。1.E文章首段叙述作者的一个朋友准备辞职和辞职的原因,故E项(作为以前也有过类似处境的朋友,我想帮帮她。)符合语境。2.A下文写到“当我们不能总是达到那些标准时,我们会感到失望和沮丧”。A项(我们为自己设定了很高的标准。)符合行文逻辑。3.B上句表示“在压力很大的时候,减少一点点努力并不意味着你不关心你的工作”,故B项(这意味着你更关心自己。)符合要求。4.G根据上文中的信息词perfect以及perfection可知,G项符合语境。5.F上文介绍了作者的第一条建议,故F项(下一步,放慢速度,分析一下确切来说是什么使你非常紧张。)符合行文逻辑。