2021_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit5Intotheunknown单元综合检测含解析外研版选择性必修第四册.doc

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1、Unit 5 Into the unknown单元综合检测(五)(时间：100分钟满分：120分).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)APutting a dinosaur skeleton(骨架)together is not easy.The skeletons are usually very incomplete.Many dinosaur fossils(化石) are discovered badly damaged.Bones are often found crushed(压碎)or bent by the great weight of the dirt

2、and rock above.Sometimes parts from different creatures are mixed together.This just adds to the confusion.Unfortunately，some scientists have not been careful enough in their descriptions of dinosaurs.They have told grand stories of how dinosaurs looked and behaved.All of these descriptions are base

3、d on guessworkthe imaginations of people who have never seen a living dinosaur.Some scientists have made complete pictures of dinosaurs based on just a single bone or tooth or leg.Such pictures are based on many guesses and very little facts.The scientists ideas often turn out to be wrong when more

4、facts are discovered.Dinosaur fossils are not found with labels attached showing what the animals looked like.That is why no pictures of dinosaurs are exactly right.Every dinosaur painting is sure to contain at least some wrong information.No artist in the twentieth century ever saw the living，breat

5、hing animalscomplete with skin，flesh，and color.For instance，imagine never having seen or heard of a peacock.One day you find the jumbled bones of it buffed in the ground.You try to put the bones together to form a skeleton.And then you try to draw a picture of what the animal looked like when it was

6、 alive.But bones cannot tell the whole story.Even if you are a very good artist，it would be a miracle if you drew a true picture of a peacock just from the bones and your imagination.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。由于恐龙化石被发现时是毁坏的，所以拼接恐龙骨架很难，而且科学家在描述恐龙时也是在仅有的几片化石上做猜想，经常被证明是错误的。1Which of the following is NOT a reason

7、why putting a dinosaur skeleton together is difficult?ANo one has seen a living dinosaur.BDinosaur bones are too complicated when found.CDinosaur bones are crushed or bent when found.DDinosaur bones are mixed with other animals bones when found.B细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，所发现的恐龙骨骼遭到了严重的破坏，或压碎或变形，有些还和其他动物的骨骼混合

8、到一块，而且根据下文可知现代人谁也没见过活着的恐龙，所以A、C、D三项都是原因。故选B。2According to Paragraph 2，we can infer that Asome scientists are very careful in their descriptions of dinosaursBthe descriptions of dinosaurs contain some wrong informationCsome scientists have made complete pictures of dinosaurs based on factsDthe ideas

9、of scientists are often proved wrong when more facts are discoveredB推理判断题。根据第二段中的“All of these descriptions are based on guesswork the imaginations of people who have never seen a living dinosaur.”可推知关于恐龙的描述是建立在人们的想象之上，因此这些描述含有错误信息。故选B。3Taking a peacock as an example，the author shows that Ait is eas

10、y to put the peacock bones together to form a skeletonBit is not easy to put the peacock bones together to form a skeletonCa very good artist can draw a good picture even if he has never seen a peacockDit is impossible to draw a correct picture based on the bones and ones imaginationD细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话

11、“Even if you are a very good artist，it would be a miracle if you drew a true picture of a peacock just from the bones and your imagination.”可知答案为D。4What is the passage mainly about?AWhy it is difficult for scientists to find dinosaur fossils.BWhy scientists cant give exact description of dinosaurs.C

12、How we can get right information about dinosaurs.DHow we can put a dinosaur skeleton together.B主旨大意题。全文谈论了在没有任何人见过恐龙的情况下，要想准确地描述出来恐龙是什么样子的，这是非常困难的，所以B项内容是文章谈论的中心。BThe sun is setting on a summer night.At the entrance to a deep，dark cave，a few bats fly out.Then more and more of the small，furry creatur

13、es appear.Within a few minutes，a whole river of bats is pouring out of the cave，and they keep coming，millions and millions of them.Sound like a scary horror movie? Believe it or not，this scene takes place every night，all summer long，at Bracken Cave in Texas，where 20 million bats fly outside to feed

14、on insects.Every March or April，Mexican freetailed bats migrate up to 1，609 kilometers from their winter home places，like mines，tunnels，hollow trees，and under bridges in Mexico to this cave.Soon after they arrive，each mother gives birth to one baby bat.As many as 500 baby bats live crammed(挤)into on

15、e square foot of space，and those bodies create nice warm temperatures to keep them warm and comfortable.With bad sight，how can mother bats recognise their own babies? Their good sense of smell helps them the most.When the adult bats leave the cave at night to feed，they eat tons of insects in a singl

16、e night，including many pests that eat farmers crops.And they get rid of mosquitoes，too.The cave，quiet in winter，is full of life all summer.The floor of the cave is covered with bugs.Gnats are flying around，and beetles are crawling up your leg when you walk in!When twenty million bats fly out of one

17、cave opening，they make a column(柱)so thick that they show up on the radar at the nearby airport.So much for bats being scary!【语篇解读】每年夏天，成千上万只蝙蝠飞到德克萨斯州的一个洞穴繁衍生殖，生殖期结束大群蝙蝠飞出洞穴，出现在附近机场的雷达上空，场面壮观、可怕。5What is the purpose of the first paragraph?ATo explain the living habits of bats.BTo describe what bats

18、look like.CTo talk about a frightening scene of a film.DTo introduce the topic of the passage.D推理判断题。第一段中描述了大群的蝙蝠从洞中飞出的壮观景象，是为了引出下文要谈到的主题。6Why do Mexican freetailed bats fly to Bracken Cave in Texas?ATo escape from the cold of Mexico.BTo give birth and raise their young.CTo gather plenty of food for

19、 winter.DTo help farmers in Texas kill harmful insects.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Soon after they arrive，each mother gives birth to one baby bat.”可知，蝙蝠夏天飞到德克萨斯州的一个岩洞是为了产下后代并抚育它们。7Which of the following senses helps mother bats recognise their babies?ATouch.BSight.CSmell.DTaste.C细节理解题。根据第三段的末句“Their good sense o

20、f smell helps them the most.”可知，视力很差的蝙蝠是靠敏锐的嗅觉识别自己的孩子的。8According to the passage，we can learn that Athe bats living in the cave benefit the local farmersBMexican freetailed bats prevent other animals living in the caveCthe large group of Mexican bats sometimes destroy the local radarDcaves are the p

21、laces where Mexican bats live all the year roundA推理判断题。根据第四段“.they eat tons of insects in a single night，including many pests that eat farmers crops.And they get rid of mosquitoes，too.”可知，晚上觅食的蝙蝠可以吃掉几吨的昆虫，包括许多害虫。另外，它们还吃蚊子。由此可推知，有益于当地的农民，故A正确。CAs we all know，New Zealand is one of the worlds main isla

22、nd groups，extending 1，700 km across the South Pacific Ocean，midway between the Equator and the South Pole.The North Island and the South Island make up most of New Zealands 268，000 sq km，an area similar to that of the United Kingdom.New Zealand is a temperate，oceanic land，the antipodes (恰恰相反的事物)of S

23、pain，Portugal and western France.It has a coastline 10，000 km long and no inland locality is more than 110 km from the sea.New Zealand is full of every kind of physiognomy(地形，地貌)，but is especially for the fact that about threequarters of the country lies more than 200 meters above sea level.Much of

24、the North Islands shape has been created by volcanic activity.The country lies across the “mobile” belt of the earths crust which circles the Pacific Ocean.This represents the shape of the land by features all common to the New Zealand landscape volcanoes，hot springs，mountain chains and active fault

25、 lines.The centre of the North Island is crowned by mildly active volcanoes reaching a height of 2，797 m on Mount Ruapehu.New Zealands famous thermal(温泉的)region runs northeast from here，through the countrys largest lake，Taupo，and Rotorua to White Island in the Bay of Plenty.It is the centre point of

26、 the 500 km long Southern Alps，a wild region of spectacular alpine peaks，lakes and remote “sounds”Beyond the mountain areas lie extensive rolling down lands in regions such as South Canterbury in the south and Hawkes Bay in the north.【语篇解读】本文介绍了新西兰地理方面的信息。9The geographical location of the New Zealan

27、d is across Athe Indian OceanBthe North Pacific OceanCthe South Pacific OceanDthe EquatorC由题干可知本题问的是新西兰的地理位置。文章第一段提到：“New Zealand is one of the worlds main island groups，extending 1，700 km across the South Pacific Ocean，midway between the Equator and the South Pole”。故选C。10The climate in New Zealand

28、can be described as Amild and oceanicBdry and coldCdry and inlandDdry and oceanicA本题是关于新西兰的气候。从第二段中的“New Zealand is a temperate，oceanic land”可知新西兰属于海洋性气候，气候温和，与A相符。因此可以排除B和C；D项虽然有oceanic(海洋性的)，但又提到dry(干旱的)，与文章不符。11The physiognomy of New Zealand may include Alakes，hot springs，long rivers and plainsBv

29、olcanoes，hot springs and mountain chainsCheights，mountain chains，lakes and plainsDrivers，lakes and plainsB由题干中的physiognomy可定位到第三段。第三段提到“The country lies across the mobile belt of the earths crust which circles the Pacific Ocean.This represents the shape of the land by features all common to the New

30、Zealand landscapevolcanoes，hot springs，mountain chains and active fault lines.”，与B相符。12From the passage we know that ANew Zealand has a very short coastlineBearthquakes have greatly influenced the North Islands shapeCvolcanic activities have greatly influenced the North Islands shapeDthe country lie

31、s across the “mobile” belt of the earths crust which circles the Atlantic OceanC由第三段第二句：“Much of the North Islands shape has been created by volcanic activity.”可知，答案为C，同时排除B。文章开始就提到新西兰是个岛国，因此其海岸线应该不短，所以A不可选；D认为新西兰位于环大西洋的地层活动带上，而原文提到的是环太平洋，故D也不正确。DCome and discover the little big city in Switzerland.

32、Its worth it to see the nicest sights.In fact，no matter what your idea of fun is，youll find it in Zurich.If it is your first stay in this city，you should start in the heart of Zurich，the historical romantic old part of a town.Here，youll have a wonderful time drinking and eating in a charming bistro

33、where you can sit outside and enjoy the sun.If you like，you can climb aboard a lake cruiser for a 3hour tour around the lake or just walk up to the border of the lake and feed the proud swans and cute ducks，which is the cheapest way to enjoy the lake.You will be absolutely amazed at the nice view ov

34、er the lake of the high Alps covered with snow.Be sure to visit the beautiful mountain called House Mountain，which can give you the most unforgettable overview of Zurich.You can take a ride on the railway built in 1923 to the top where you can breathe the fresh mountain air.From the lookout tower，yo

35、ull have a picturesque view of the lake，the city and the amazing Alps.Last，dont miss walking down the most famous shopping street，the Bahnhofstrasse，a distance of 1.4 kilometers.On both sides，youll find everything you need and of course，youll find the wellknown Swiss banks.Come to see us.Youll have

36、an unforgettable stay in this little big city.You wont regret it.【语篇解读】本文推荐了瑞士的一座适合旅行的城市苏黎世以及其必去的景点。13According to the passage，you may not have the chance of if you go to Switzerland.Agoing shopping on a famous shopping streetBvisiting the beautiful lake and mountainCvisiting the romantic old part o

37、f a townDmaking some traditional Swiss food in personD细节理解题。根据文章的第二段可知在苏黎世你可以去the historical romantic old part of a town；根据第三、四段可知你可以去观赏湖景和去山上俯瞰；根据第四段倒数第二句可知你可以在最有名的购物街上购物；而选项D在文章中未提及。14What does the underlined word “bistro” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?AA bookstore.BA barbershop.CA small restau

38、rant.DA shopping center.C词义猜测题。根据句中的“youll have a wonderful time drinking and eating”可以判断bistro应该指的是小饭店。15The purpose of this passage is to Aintroduce some interesting places in ZurichBencourage people to go to Zurich to have a visitClet people know more about the history of ZurichDtell people how t

39、o get fun when visiting ZurichB作者意图题。根据文章的第一段和末段可以看出文章的目的是通过介绍苏黎世的景色，鼓励人们到那里去旅行。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)How to Achieve a School GoalEvery person wants to achieve the goals set at the beginning of a new school year. 16 When it comes to choosing your goal，make sure that it states exactly what it i

40、s that you want to achieve.If your goal seems too big，divide it into simpler，easier tasks.Write down your goal.You can write it in a journal or write it on a sticky note.Writing keeps your memory fresh and helps you clear up the useless things in your brain.Try to keep a journal or a diary.Break you

41、r goal down.By breaking your goal up into manageable sections，it allows you to mentally make your way through the goal until the end of a year. 17 Therefore youre far less likely to give up or dodge your goal by taking shortcuts or refusing to do anything. 18 Turn off all distractions(使人分心的事物)like T

42、V，the Internet，your phone and every other devices you have at home.Keep emails，phone calls，texts，etc.to a minimum.Make it happen. 19 Thinking is a useful start but thinking doesnt do the heavy work and thinking certainly wont move mountains.Go out every morning knowing what you need to do and then d

43、o it!Stay positive.Keep saying that you can do it.Stay motivated and be confident.Reward yourself. 20 Every once in a while，if you complete a goal，treat yourself to an extra bar of chocolate or make time to read that book youve been wanting to read two months ago.ADont be too hard on yourself.BPut a

44、 brake(阻力)on distractions.CThis method makes it easier to handle.DCarry out your goal as soon as possible.EIt is necessary to choose a proper way to finish the goals.FDont think to yourself that over time you will manage to do it.GChoose specific，realistic goals or even one single but very important

45、 goal.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章简要向读者介绍了完成学习目标的几种策略。16G此处填主旨句。根据下文“When it comes to choosing your goal，make sure that it states exactly what it is that you want to achieve.”及空后的关键词choosing可知，空处表示要选择什么样的目标，故选G项(选择具体的、现实的目标，甚至一个单一的但是非常重要的目标)。17C本段主要介绍分解目标，根据空后的“Therefore youre far less likely to give up or dodg

46、e your goal by taking shortcuts or refusing to do anything.”及关键词therefore可知，空处应表示原因：分解目标这种方法使得它更容易处理，符合本段内容。所以应选C项。18B从文章结构上可以看出，此空是主旨句，且与前几个要点并列，所以可推知此句为祈使句，同时根据本段中的“Turn off all distractions(使人分心的事物)”可知，此处选B项(停止分心)。19F分析本段的主旨句“Make it happen.”以及空后的“Thinking is a useful start but thinking doesnt do

47、 the heavy work and thinking certainly wont move mountains.”可知，做事不能只是思考要让它发生， F项中的“Dont think to yourself(不要只是想想)”与空后内容相符。故选F。20A由本段主旨句“Reward yourself.(奖励自己。)”及“if you complete a goal，treat yourself to an extra bar of chocolate or make time to read that book”可知，A项“Dont be too hard on yourself.(不要对自己太苛刻。)”承接下文，且从反面论证此段主旨，符合语境，故选A项。.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)I will never forget，three years ago，that I had a job that almost destroyed me.My 21 was that I loved my job too much and couldnt get enough of it.Working for the President was better than any other 22 that Id ever had.In th