2021_2022学年新教材高中英语UNIT2WILDLIFEPROTECTION单元综合检测含解析新人教版必修第二册.doc

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1、Unit 2单元综合检测(二)第一部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASince it first opened after four years of construction in 1937 at a cost of $27 million，the Golden Gate Bridge has made its appearance in films and poetry.CNN Travel spent a day climbing into and ground the

2、 bridge，learning these secrets from the people who know and love it best.Why is it called the Golden Gate Bridge？Its not golden.“The Golden Gate Bridge gets its name because it spans what is called the Golden Gate Strait，”said Paolo CosulichSchwartz，spokesman for the Golden Gate Bridge，Highway and T

3、ransportation District，which operates the bridge.Its a threemilelong and onemilewide body of water that connects the Pacific Ocean to the San Francisco Bay.What color is the bridge？It looks red.“Its not red，although youre not crazy to think so.Visitors all call it red，”said Russell.“Back in the day，

4、the US Navy，then part of the War Department，oversaw the waterways and wanted to paint this bridge black and yellow for high visibility，”said fellow painter Jarrod Bauer.“They ended up mixing paint to create the color International Orange，which is similar to the color of red lead，”he said.Does the br

5、idge get entirely painted every year?No，and it doesnt need to be.Its true that the top coat has been fully repainted over time with new and environmentallyimproved International Orange top coats.Who performs bridge rescues?McVeigh and his fellow ironworkers，the socalled“Cowboys of the Sky”，have that

6、 responsibility.McVeigh has lost count of how many troubled souls hes been called to rescue over the past 17 years.In September in 2018，the bridge started constructing a suicide(自杀)prevention system，also known as the safety net，to keep people from jumping off the Golden Gate Bridge.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章

7、介绍了美国金门大桥的情况，并通过美国有线电视新闻网旅游节目组的实地调查和采访相关人员，和读者分享了一些关于金门大桥的秘密。1Whats the true color of the Golden Gate Bridge?ARed.BRed lead.CBlack and yellow.DInternational Orange.D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They ended up mixing paint to create the color International Orange，which is similar to the color of red lead”可知，金门大桥最后被漆

8、成国际橙色，类似于red lead(铅丹)。故选D项。2Who can probably be called a hero on the Golden Gate Bridge?AMcVeigh.BJarrod Bauer.CRussell.DPaolo.A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，McVeigh和他的搭档们一直为大桥上的安全负责，在过去的17年里McVeigh也记不清挽救了多少失意想跳桥的人。因此他最有可能被称为英雄人物。故选A项。3What can we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?AIt is safer now because of th

9、e safety net.BIt got its name because of its color.CIt took much time and money to be built.DIt needs to be repainted once a year.C推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Since it first opened after four years of construction in 1937 at a cost of $27 million”可知，金门大桥历时四年建成，耗资2700万美元。由此可推知，金门大桥花费了很多时间和金钱才建成。故选C项。BNeil Jordan，a

10、 conservation biologist，has come up with a novel method for protecting cattle from African lions: paint eyes on their behinds.The lions will think their intended prey(猎物)has seen them and will give up，since theyve lost the element of surprise.This psychological trickery has been called “iCow”，which

11、is actually not as strange as it sounds.The eyelike patterns on butterfly wings are known to prevent preying birds and woodcutters in Indian forests wear masks on the backs of their heads when working to discourage hungry tigers.The inspiration for the iCow strategy came while Jordan was based in a

12、village in Botswana，when two lionesses were killed by local farmers to revenge their cattles death.The African lion is a vulnerable species，with numbers dropping from over 100，000 in the 1990s to about 30，000 today.Much of that decline is due to these kinds of revengeful killings because farmers hav

13、e no effective strategies for protecting their herds.“Lions are hunters that like to attack by surprise.They move slowly，quietly，and carefully to their prey，get close，and jump on them unseen，”he said.When Jordan was watching a lion follow an antelope one day，he noticed the lion gave up the hunt once

14、 the antelope spotted it.So he joined one of the local farmers on a 10week trial study，painting eyes on onethird of a herd of 62 cattle.When the cattle returned each night，they took a head count to see how many had survived.Only three cows were killed by lions during this periodall without the paint

15、ed eyes on their behinds.And all the painted cows survived.However，Jordan warned that so far this is just a promising idea.He is now back in Botswana for a more ambitious study，equipped with GPS devices to better monitor the movement of predators(捕食者)and prey.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇科技类文章。主要介绍了一种叫iCow的策略，该策略让非洲

16、狮子失去捕杀牲畜的兴趣，进而保护了牲畜。4The iCow strategy is designed to_Akill the lionsBscare off predatorsCidentify cattleDhave funB推理判断题。根据第一、二段可知，是尼尔乔丹想出了一个保护牲畜不被非洲狮捕猎的新方法：在它们的后面画上眼睛。狮子会认为它们的猎物已经看到它们从而会放弃捕杀，这就是the iCow的目的，故选B。5When hunting，lions like to_Agive up halfwayBhesitate to take actionCchase their prey ste

17、adilyDlaunch surprising attacksD细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Lions are hunters that like to attack by surprise.”可知，狮子是喜欢突然袭击的捕食者。故选D。6What does the underlined word “vulnerable” mean in the third paragraph?ABadly behaved.BLikely to attack.CEasily cheated.DEasily damaged.D词义猜测题。根据文章内容“with numbers dropping from ove

18、r 100，000 in the 1990s to about 30，000 today.Much of that decline is due to these kinds of revengeful killings.”非洲狮数量从九十年代的10万下降到今天的3万。下跌很大程度上是由于这类报复性被杀，可知，是因为人类捕杀，即很容易被杀。故选D项。7What can be inferred from the passage?ANeil Jordan got the inspiration from the patterns on butterfly wings.BIn the 10week

19、trial study，more cattle were killed.CThe iCow strategy is likely to bring great benefit.DThe farmers will continue to take their revenge on the lions.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中讲到一个为期10周的试验 “Only three cows were killed by lions during this periodall without the painted eyes on their behinds.And all the painted c

20、ows survived.However，Jordan warned that so far this is just a promising idea.”可知，被画了眼睛的牛没有被狮子杀死，然而，Jordan提醒说，到目前为止，这只是一个很有希望的想法。分析此段可知，这个策略可能是带来很大益处的。故选C。CIt is reported that critical thinking，creativity，and their practical application are widely accepted as the top three skills that young people ne

21、ed to have when they take jobs in their future.Critical thinking is about becoming a better thinker in every aspect of your life: in your career，and as a consumer，citizen，friend，parent and lover.Critical thinking helps you make wiser decisions.It helps you avoid wasting time，money and so on.Therefor

22、e，do look before you leap.Whenever a good critical thinker needs to do something，he would usually firstly check why he needs to do it and whether he really needs to do it.Then，he tries to find out what it really is and the best way to do it.And then he makes sure whether he is able to do it and how

23、to do it well.Finally，he makes the decisions and takes actions.Take the “Double 11” (a popular online shopping day in China) as an example.A few days before it，he checks carefully what he needs and whether he really needs them，and makes a shopping list.He goes to the online shops to compare the qual

24、ity and the prices of things that he is going to buy.He compares the shops that sell these things.Then he checks whether he can afford them and in which shops he is going to buy them.Then what would happen if he didnt think critically before he made the decisions? After the crazy “Double 11”，there w

25、ere usually a lot of complaints on the Internet.There were regrets about buying more things than they needed.There were complaints about the poor quality and the prices of the things they bought.There were also complaints because they received wrong things or simply received nothing.There were all k

26、inds of regrets and complaints.Why so? They had not thought critically before they made the decisions.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了生活中学会运用批判性思维有助于更好地做出决定的观点。8What can we infer from the first paragraph?ACritical thinking gets very helpful.BCritical thinking has a long history.CCritical thinking becomes more

27、 popular.DCritical thinking makes a great difference.D推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“Critical thinking is about becoming a better thinker in every aspect of your life: in your career，and as a consumer，citizen，friend，parent and lover.Critical thinking helps you make wiser decisions.It helps you avoid wasting time，m

28、oney and so on.”可知，本段讲述了批判性思维的重要性。故选D项。9According to the text，how to be a good critical thinker for us?AMaking some careful comparison.BCollecting much more information.CTaking something into consideration.DAdapting to every surrounding easily.C细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Whenever a good critical thinker needs

29、to do something，he would usually firstly check why he needs to do it and whether he really needs to do it.Then，he tries to find out what it really is and the best way to do it.”和第三段的前两句“And then he makes sure whether he is able to do it and how to do it well.Finally，he makes the decisions and takes

30、actions.”可知，作为一个批判性思考者，在真正开始采取行动做某事之前需要慎重考虑各方面的因素。故选C项。10The author uses the example of Double 11 to _Alist the bad results of not thinking criticallyBshow how to make good use of critical thinkingCshow the different advantages of shopping onlineDtell the great importance of making a shopping listB推

31、理判断题。根据第二段和第三段前两句可知，作者在此讲述了“a good critical thinker”是什么样的人，结合下一段第一句“Then what would happen if he didnt think critically before he made the decisions？”可知，作者举例“双十一”来说明要利用好批判性思维。故选B项。11What does the underlined word “complaints” in the last paragraph mean?ASaying something to show the feeling of being u

32、nsatisfied.BPreparing something to make sure of making wise decisions.COffering the effective ways to avoid the feeling of regrets.DGiving detailed information to help make right judgments.A词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句后文的进一步解释“There were regrets about buying more things than they needed.There were complaints abo

33、ut the poor quality and the prices of the things they bought.There were also complaints because they received wrong things or simply received nothing.”可知，他们后悔买了比自己需要的更多的东西；所买的东西存在质量差和价格问题；他们收到了错误的东西，或者干脆什么也没收到。按照常识判断，这些问题都是会引起人们的抱怨和不满。因此可推知，画线单词“complaints”应是“不满；抱怨”含义，与A项表达含义一致。故选A项。DElephants are t

34、ruly incredible animals.August 12 is World Elephant Day which means to help save elephants.What do you know about elephants? Here are some facts you may not know.We know that elephants are large.But did you know that elephants often avoid eating a type of acacia tree(金合欢树)，because it is home to ants

35、 and an elephant doesnt want to get the ants inside its trunk.Its trunk is full of sensitive nerve endings(敏感神经末梢)Female elephants live in groups of about 15 animals.The oldest in the group is the leader.She decides not only when and where they move but also when they rest all the year.Male elephant

36、s leave the female groups between age 12 and 15.But they arent loners.They live in allmale groups.Asian elephants dont run.Running requires lifting all four feet at once.But elephants filmed in Thailand always kept at least two on the ground at all times.Elephants have passed the mirror test.They re

37、cognize themselves in a mirror.According to tests，great apes(巨猿)，and dolphins also have this ability.Elephants can get sunburned so they take care to protect themselves.“Elephants will throw sand on their backs and on their heads to keep them from getting sunburned and to keep bugs off，” said Tony B

38、arthel，working at Smithsonians National Zoo.How do elephants protect their young? Adult elephants will put them in sand and then they will stand over the little ones as they sleep.Some farmers in Kenya protect their fields from elephants by lining the borders with beehives(蜂巢)Not only are their crop

39、s saved，but the farmers also get more money from honey.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一些关于大象的事实。12World Elephant Day is designed to _Ashow some facts about elephantsBcall on people to protect elephantsCtell people some animals are in dangerDintroduce Asian elephants featuresB细节理解题。根据第一段中的“August 12 is World Elep

40、hant Day which means to help save elephants.”可知，World Elephant Day是为了保护并拯救大象而设立的节日。故选B项。13Why are elephants not willing to eat acacia trees?AElephants are sensitive to acacia trees.BAcacia trees are too tall to reach.CFruits on the acacia trees are hard to eat.DElephants trunks are easily hurt by an

41、ts in the trees.D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But did you know that elephants often avoid eating a type of acacia tree，because it is home to ants and an elephant doesnt want to get the ants inside its trunk.Its trunk is full of sensitive nerve endings.”可知，大象经常不吃一种金合欢树，因为这种树是蚂蚁的家，大象不想让蚂蚁进入自己的鼻子，它的鼻子有很多敏感的神经末梢。由此推断金

42、合欢树上大量的蚂蚁一旦爬到大象的鼻子里，会对大象敏感的神经末梢带来一定的伤害，所以大象不愿吃这种树。故选D项。14What do we infer about male elephants?AThey live with female elephants at an early age.BThey decide when and where their groups move.CTheir oldest male elephant is chosen as their leader.DThey can run faster than female elephants.A推理判断题。根据第三段中

43、的“Male elephants leave the female groups between age 12 and 15.(雄性大象一般在12到15岁时离开雌性大象团体)”可推知，雄性大象幼年时(也就是12岁15岁之前)是与雌性群体共同生活的。故选A项。15How do elephants protect their young kids?APut some sand on kids heads.BGuard kids when kids sleep.CPat kids backs from time to time.DUse their trunks to keep bugs off.B

44、细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Elephants will throw sand on their backs and on their heads to keep them from getting sunburned and to keep bugs off”可知，大象常把沙子弄在自己的头上是为了防晒和驱赶虫子，而不是保护幼象，故排除A项；文中未提及C项；文中大象是用沙子而不是用鼻子驱赶虫子，并且这也不是保护小象的措施，排除D项。根据“Adult elephants will put them in sand and then they will stand over the little

45、ones as they sleep.”可知，大象会让自己的孩子躺在沙子里，然后在幼象睡觉时守护着幼象，B项正确。故选B项。第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Where Do Mosquitoes(蚊子)Go in Winter?Why do mosquitoes，everywhere in warmer months，disappear completely in winter？ 16 Mosquitoes are coldblooded insects，meaning that

46、they dont like the cold and prefer temperatures that are 80 degrees Fahrenheit (华氏温度) or more.When the temperature drops，they actually lose their ability to fly and become motionless. 17 They would never be able to fly far enough.The actual answer to the question is different for male and female mos

47、quitoes.Male mosquitoes? They die.But thats not just because of the cold.Male mosquitoes have far shorter lifespans(寿命) than females，and they die in autumn.Female mosquitoes，though，can live through the winter.They hibernate (冬眠)In autumn，the females will go into hollow logs or cracks in the ground a

48、nd enter this still state. 18 They put off their development，typically for months.When it warms up again，the females will come out from hibernation.At this point，theyre getting ready to lay their eggs and they need as much blood as possible to help the eggs develop.The females must find a blood meal to provide the protein needed by their eggs to develop，just in the time，when humans are outdoors in short sleeves enjoy