2022年高考英语《名词性从句》九大高考热点分析 .pdf
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1、学习好资料欢迎下载名词性从句九大高考热点分析名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。因为它是从句,因此具有句子的结构特点 (即有一套主谓成份) ;同时又具有名词性特点,所以可以在 复合句 中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。名词性从句是中学英语学习的重点,也是高考的主要考点之一。我们必须弄懂和掌握以下热点问题。一、 连接词 what 与 that 的用法区别。引导主、宾、表语从句时,what 要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分,that不作任何成分,只在语法上起连接的作用。例如_ we can t get seems better than _ we have. A. What; wh
2、at B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what 解析: 本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句,且两个从句都缺乏宾语,可见两个引导词都必须充当成分,所以答案是A。又如:_ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 解析: 该题答案是A,what 在主语从句中作主语,即作谓语动词caused的执行者。在下面的例句中,that 不充当任何成份,只起语法连接作用(因为句子本身不缺成分) :That the former Iraq preside
3、nt Saddam was captured has been proved. 二、 连接词 whether 和 if 的用法区别。通常,引导主语从句、表语从句和引导同位语从句时,要用连词whether,不用 if;习惯上也只能说whether or not,而不说if or not 。例如:_ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 解析: 试题中的从句位于句首,不难知道这是一个主语从句,所以答案是C。但是在宾语从句中表达“是否”
4、既可用if 也可用 whether。三、 名词性从句的语序。与别的从句一样,名词性从句必须用陈述语序 。例如 : No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like 解析: 由于从句不能倒装,所以答案只能是A。又如:You can t imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
5、A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited 解析: 答案是 B。同时还须注意, 从句的引导词必须始终置于句首,而且 how和被修饰的词excited 不能分裂开。四、 形式主语、形式宾语。当主语从句较长,而谓语较短时,常常将从句后置,而用it 作为形式主语,置于句首。动词后接复合宾语,也可用it 作形式宾语。例如: _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international
6、language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 解析: 所需词至于句首,同时后面有that-从句(逻辑主语) ,可见这里应该用形式主语it,所以答案是D。 think, find, consider, believe, feel等动词后常带复合宾语。例如:Many people think it possible that a trade war between EU and the States will happen. 五、 Who / whoever, what / whatever 等的用法区别。一般说来, what/who 等含特指意义,而whate
7、ver/whoever 等含泛指意义,意为“无论什么 /无论谁”。例如:It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 解析: 答案是 B,whatever 引导一个宾语从句,并且作wants 的宾语。这里的 whatever 不能改成what,因为题意想表达的显然是“无论孩子要什么就给他/她什么事不明智的” ,具有泛指的概念。同时要注意,这里whatever 也不能改用no matter what,因为后者只
8、能引导状语从句。又如:_ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever 解析: 答案是 D,whoever 意为“无论谁” ,表泛指。比较下例:I can t remember at the moment who has said the words. (这里的who 表特定的某人)六、 Where, when, why 等连接副词引导的名词性从句。Where, when, why等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句,使用的关键是:这个词必须符合句子的逻辑意
9、义要求。例如:I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. that D. where 解析: 答案是 A,why 引导的从句作表语,同时why 在从句中作原因状语。这里之所以选why,而不是 when 或 where 等,唯一的依据便是句子的逻辑含义,及语境。又如(MET94 ) ;Do you remember _ he came? Yes, I do, he came by car. A. How B. when C. that D. if
10、 解析: 答案是 A,从答语“he came by car ”可知这里问的是“he”来的方式,所以用 how 引导。七 “介词 +who(m)引导的宾语从句”与“介词+ whom”引导的定语从句的精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页学习好资料欢迎下载区别。介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾格,决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。例如:It was a matter of _ would take the position. A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever 解析: 答案是 A。这是一
11、个含宾语从句的复合句,作介词of 宾语的,是后面的整个句子,而不是宾语从句的引导词,由于这里引导词在从句中作主语,所以要用主格who(作宾语时自然要用whom) 。比较下例:Our country has thousands of excellent scientists, most of whom have received higher education at home. 这是一个“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句;引导定语从句的是“most of+关系代词”而不只是这个关系代词,同时这个引导词又作介词of 的宾语,所以要用宾格 whom。 (注意与介词后面的宾语从句的引导词的用法进行比较
12、和区别。)八、连接词that 的省略。引导宾语从句时, that 通常可以省略, 但引导主语、 表语和同位语从句时,that不能省。例如:China s success in manned-spacecraft travel shows _ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research. A. what B. which C. 不填D. it that 解析: 该句中的从句作shows 的宾语,是宾语从句,又因为从句中不缺主、宾语, 所以只能用that 引导; 又因引导宾语从句时that 可以省略, 所以
13、答案是C。九、同位语从句引导词where, when 的用法特点。说明先行词内容的同位语从句的引导词where, when 与被说明的名词在概念上不一致。但引导定语从句的引导词却必须保持一致。是比较:Then arose the question _ we were to get so much money. This the house _ the great man Mao Zedong was born 110 years ago. A. where B. that C. about which D. in which 解析: 答案分别是 (1) A (2) A/D 。先行词与where
14、, when 概念一致时,是定语从句, (2)中的 house 与 where 同表地点, 且这个关系副词where 或 when 可以用“介词 +which”的形式代替,所以答案A 和 D 都可以引导。(1)题中的 question与 where 不表同一概念, 可见是同位语从句,所以where 不能改用 “介词 +which ”的形式。2004-07 年高考题1.(07全国 17)matters most in learning English is enough practice.A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which答案 A解析 本题考查主语从句,且从句中缺少主语,所
15、以A 项正确。2.(07 天津 15)The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer.Warm sunshine andsoft sands makeit is.A.what B.which C.how D.where答案 A解析 句意为:每年夏天这儿的海边都吸引大量的游客。温暖的阳光和柔软的沙滩使海边成了现在的样子。what 引导宾语从句,且what 在从句中作表语,意为“的(东西)”。3.(07 安徽 33)You can only be sure ofyou have at present; you cannot be sure
16、 of somethingyou might get in the future.A.that;what B.what;/C.which;that D./;that答案 B解析what 引导宾语从句,并在从句中作宾语;that 引导定语从句,并在从句中作宾语,可以省略。4.(07 湖南 28)Having checked the doors were closed,andall the lights were off,the boy opened the door to his bedroom.A.why B.that C.when D.where答案 B解析 句意为:确保门关上了,且所有的灯
17、都关上了之后,那个男孩打开门进了他的卧室。 checked 后跟了两个宾语从句,第一个从句的引导词that 省略了。5.(07 陕西 8)parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A.That B.Which C.What D.As答案 C解析 本题考查名词性从句的选用。分析句子结构可知,此处主语从句缺少动词say and do 的宾语,故用what。6.(07 浙江 5)Why not try your luck downtown,Bob? Thatsthe best jobs are.A.where B.what
18、 C.when D.why答案 A解析 本题考查名词性从句。句意为:为什么不到市中心商业区去碰碰运气呢,鲍勃?那是最好的工作所在的地方。where“的地方”,在此引导表语从句。7.(07 福建 35)精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页学习好资料欢迎下载It is none of your businessother people think about you.Believe yourself.A.how B.what C.which D.when答案 B解析 本题考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,it 作形式主语,
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