2021届高考英语二轮复习语法专项突围专题11动词的时态和语态精练含解析.doc

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1、动词的时态和语态1. The works of Du Fu, Chinas greatest poet, _ a precious cultural heritage for the entire world, not just for China.A. represented B. represent C. will represent D. have represented【答案解析】 B【详解】考查时态。句意：中国最伟大的诗人杜甫，他的作品代表了全世界珍贵的文化遗产，不仅仅是中国。本句讲述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语the works是复数，故谓语动词用复数形式，故选B项。2. Eve

2、ryone wants to live on the top of the mountain, but growth occurs while you _ it.A. climbed B. have climbed C. are climbing D. have been climbing【答案解析】 C【详解】考查时态。句意：人人都想生活过得很好，而成长就发生在你攀登时。分析句子可知，此处是时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据语境和句意判断此处为现在进行时，故选C项。3. The student said there were a few points in the essay he_impossi

3、ble to comprehend.A. has found B. was finding C. had found D. would find【答案解析】 C【详解】考查时态。句意：那个学生说文章中有几点他觉得无法理解。分析本句可知，本句为含有宾语从句there were a few points in the essay，定语从句he _impossible to comprehend.的复合句，其中a few points为先行词，在定语从句中做宾语。主句的时态为一般过去时，所以从句的时态要和主句保持一致。因为find在say之前，所以find用过去完成时。选项C符合题意。故选C。4.

4、Mr.White works with a chemical import-export company,but he_for this industrial exhibition, since he is on leave.A. has worked B. works C. has been working D. is working【答案解析】 D【详解】考查现在进行时态。句意：怀特先生在一家化工制品进出口公司工作,但是,他现在正在为这工业博览会工作,因为他在休假中。此处表示动作的正在进行，且句子主语是he，故选D。5. Mr. Smith gave her one of the pill

5、s that he _ for stomachache or something like that.A. will have taken B. had been taken C. has taken D. had been taking【答案解析】 D【详解】考查动词时态。句意：Smith先生给了她一片他一直服用的治胃病之类的药。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，根据从句句意得知，这个药是Smith先生之前就在服用，而且这个药也会一直持续服用下去，所以动词时态应该是现在完成进行时。又因为定语从句前面的主句部分是用的一般过去时，也就是说在Smith先生给她药之前，他就在服用这个治胃病的药，所以综

6、上所述，动词应该用过去完成进行时，故选D项。6. I always read newspapers backwards because the back pages are _ the sport is.A. that B. where C. how D. what .【答案】B【详解】考察名词性从句。句意：我总是倒着看报纸，因为报纸的后页是关于运动的。分析句子可知，表语从句“_ the sport is”中缺少地点状语，故选B。7. The price of pork is going up madly. Its really too much for us.But for the situ

7、ation where many pig farms _ a rare pig disease, things would not be like this.A. meet with B. have met with C. met with D. had met with【答案解析】 B【详解】考查动词时态。句意：猪肉的价格疯长。对我们来说太贵了。要不是很多猪场遇见了罕见的猪瘟，事情不会是这样的。分析句子可知，猪场遇见猪瘟是已经发生的事情，对现在产生的影响，要用现在完成时态，且主语pig farms是复数，所以要用have met with。故选B项。8. Why not go out to

8、play with them?Sorry. I havent finished my homework yet, I _ my mother in the kitchen all day yesterday.A. have been helping B. had helpedC. was helping D. had been helping【答案解析】 C【详解】考查动词时态。句意：为什么不跟他们出去玩了？对不起，我作业还没做完。我昨天一天都在厨房帮妈妈。结合句意和时间状语all day yesterday可知，句子描述的是过去某一时间正在进行的动作，用过去进行时态；空白处做句子的谓语，主语

9、是I，故选C。9. Take a break, Amy. You _ on the piano all morning.All right. But the competition is coming soon. I have to work harder.A. are practising B. will be practising C. have been practising D. practice【答案解析】 C【详解】考查动词时态。句意：-艾米，休息一会吧。你都练钢琴一上午了。-好吧。但比赛很快就到了。我还得在努力一下。分析句意，艾米丽已经弹了一上午钢琴而且还将继续弹。所以此处应用现

10、在完成进行时表示从动作从过去持续到现在且还将持续下去的动作。故选C项。10. Though lacking experience, Mike was convinced that he _ a higher pay by working hard.A. has got B. will get C. got D. would get【答案解析】 D【详解】考查动词时态。句意：虽然迈克缺乏经验，但他相信只要努力工作就能得到更高的报酬。根据句意可知，此处表示将来的动作，再根据谓语动词was convinced可知，应用过去将来时。故选D。11. Today is a day of celebrati

11、on, a day for you to be proud of all the hard work that _ you to this place where you can sit.A. gets B. would get C. had got D. got【答案解析】 D【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：今天是值得庆祝的日子，是你为自己的努力工作感到骄傲的一天，正是这些努力工作让你们走到今天这个位置，让你们能够坐在这里。分析句子可知，that引导定语从句修饰先行词all the hard work，空处是定语从句的谓语动词，由时间状语Today及语境可知，get表示的动作发生在今天之前，应

12、使用一般过去时。故选D项。12. Arriving too early to a dinner party could appear slightly rude if the host _ their preparations.A. completes B. is completing C. completed D. has completed【答案解析】 B【详解】考查时态。句意：如果主人在完成准备工作期间，客人过早参加晚宴，可能会显得有些粗鲁。使用现在进行时表示主人正在准备晚宴的时候，客人来到了现场。这是不礼貌的做法。故选B。13. Our losses are incredibly sm

13、all, viewed _ what has been accomplished.A. in the case of B. in the interest ofC. in the event of D. in the light of【答案】D【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：从所取得的成就来看，我们的损失非常小。A. in the case of 假使，如果发生；B. in the interest of为利益； C. in the event of 如果是那样子的话，假若；D. in the light of根据，比照，从观点看。根据前面的我们的损失非常小，可知，从所取得的成就来看，我们的损

14、失非常小。in the light of意思为“根据，比照，从观点看”，故选D。14. I _ to give you just a surprise quiz but on second thought I chose to let you reflect on your exercises.A. had intended B. has intended C. intended D. has been intended【答案解析】 A【详解】考查时态。句意：我本打算给你一个惊喜测验，但经过仔细考虑，我选择让你反思一下你的练习。根据 I chose to let you reflect on

15、your exercises.可知，had intended to do sth“本打算做某事,实际上却未做”符合句意。故此题选A。15. I hate to say this but you need to stop doing things like this because they _ me all the time.A. disturb B. have disturbed C. disturbed D. are disturbing【答案解析】 D【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我讨厌这样说，但是你需要停止这做这些事情，因为它们老是打扰了我。根据句意及时间状语all the time可知

16、，使用现在进行时，与all the time(一直)搭配，表示厌恶。故选D。【点睛】现在进行时与always/constantly/continually/forever/all the time等表示时间的副词连用，表示说话人对主语的行为表示赞叹、赞许、表扬、抱怨、厌恶等情绪，体现出一定的感情色彩。如：She is always asking the same question. 她总是问同样的问题。（表示厌恶）He is always thinking of others.他总是为别人着想。（表示赞扬）16. The number of people, who have access to

17、 their own cars, _ sharply in the past decade.A. rose B. is rising C. have risen D. has risen【答案解析】 D【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年里，拥有私家车的人数急剧增加。根据后文in the past decade可知表示过去发生的动作持续到现在应用现在完成时，主语为The number of people，助动词应用has。故选D。【点睛】主谓一致之意义一致。“a number of+复数名词”与“the number of+复数名词”作状语a number of表示“很多”，后跟

18、可数名词的复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；the number of表示“的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：The number of the students in our class is 50. 我们班学生的数量是五十。A number of workers were fired. 一些工人被解雇了。17. We all know that good results _ for you when you start doing things you love.A. are waiting B. have waitedC. have been

19、 waiting D. will be waiting【答案解析】 D考查时态。句意：我们都知道当你开始做你喜欢的事的时候，好的结果将会一直等你。此处表示在将来时间会一直持续的事，用will be doing。故选D。18. When you are faced with challenges, try not to let discouraging thoughts _. Be confident and trust yourself, and youll make it.A. take on B. take up C. take in D. take over【答案】D【详解】考查动词短语

20、辨析。句意：当你面对挑战时，尽量不要让沮丧的想法占据上风。自信一点，相信自己，你会成功的。A. take on承担，呈现；B.take up占据（时间、地方），开始从事；C.take in吸收；D.take over接管，接收。由句意可知，此处表示不要让沮丧的想法接管、掌控。故选D项。19. We wont start the work until all the preparations _.A. are being made B. will be made C. have been made D. had been made【答案解析】 C【详解】考查时态语态。句意：一切准备就绪后我们才开

21、始工作。根据句意，preparations 与谓语make之间是被动关系，谓语动词应该用被动语态；分析句子结构可知，这是一个not.until引导的时间状语从句，主句中用一般将来时wont ，从句中应该用现在时态的一种形式；结合句意，从句用现在完成时强调“做好准备”这个动作，对现在的影响就是可以“开始工作了”，符合语境及语法结构。综上分析，谓语动词应该用现在完成时的被动语态 have been made。故选C项。20. It is estimated that hopefully about 0. 5 billion families_5G terminals by 2025, when there is a sharp drop in price.A. have used B. will have usedC. will be using D. are using【答案解析】 B【详解】考查时态。句意：据估计，到2025年，5G终端的价格将大幅下降，届时有望有约5亿家庭使用该终端。根据时间状语by 2025，可知用将来时态，这里表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成，所以用将来完成时态。故选B。