2021届高考英语二轮复习语法专项突围专题2代词和不定代词精练含解析.doc

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1、代词和不定代词1. Its an either-or situation-you can take on-line classes at home or have classes in the school, but you cant do_.A. others B. both C. another D. either【答案解析】 B【详解】考查不定代词。句意：这是一种非此即彼的情况你可以在家上网络课，也可以在学校上课，但你不能两者兼得。A. others其他人；B. both两个都；C. another 另一个；D. either两者之一。notboth“不是两者兼有”，是部分否定，根据ta

2、ke on-line classes at home or have classes in the school可知，你不能两者兼得，故选B项。2. Education reform has swept across schools, bringing with _ new opportunities for students to develop in an all-round way.A. one B. it C. them D. those【答案解析】 B【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：教育改革已经席卷了学校，随之而来的是学生全面发展的新机会。one代指与前文所提事物同类的事物，不合题意，排

3、除选项A；them和those代指的是名词复数，但教育改革是单数，排除选项C和D；it代指前文中提到的同一个事物且为单数，故选B。3. All the information available has been checked, but _ is directly relevant to this murder case.A. nothing B. it C. no one D. none【答案解析】 D【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：所有可用的信息都已经检查过，但没有一个与该谋杀案有直接的关系。A. nothing没有什么；B.it它；C. no one没有人；D. none没有一个（人或事物

4、）。no one 只用于指人。all表示“全部的”，but表示转折，all 的否定应使用none，即可以理解为“none of the information is directly relevant to this murder case”，而nothing不与of连用。故选D。4. Learn from past mistakes or history is bound torepeat_. Thank you for your reminding.A. it B. that C. something D. itself【答案解析】 D【详解】考查反身代词。句意：从过去的错误中学习，否则历

5、史必然会重演。根据句意可知，在这句话中主语是history，宾语也是history，所以用反身代词itself指代“历史本身”。故此题选D。5. The application of AI technologies in health care industry is in an initial stage compared with_ in automatic driving.A. it B. that C. those D. ones【答案解析】 B【详解】考查代词。句意：人工智能技术在医疗产业中的应用相较于在自动驾驶领域的应用，还处在初始阶段。分析句子可知，空白处所指的仍是前句中的The

6、 application of AI technologies，是不可数名词，这时要用that来指代已提过的名词以避免重复。故选B项。6. In public places, improved child-care facilities will benefit _ genders, not just women.A. both B. all C. either D. other【答案解析】 A试题分析：句意：在公共场所，改善托儿设施将受益于两性，而不仅仅是妇女。A. both两个；B. all所有，指三者以上；C. either 二选一；D. other其他的 ，gender是性别，结合句意

7、可知是男女，故选A。7. See things in a negative light and you will find faults everywhere and problems where there are really _.A. none B. no one C. something D. nothing【答案解析】 A【详解】考查不定代词的用法。句意：你用消极的眼光看待事物，你会发现到处都是错误，而实际上根本没有什么问题。A. none无，没有；B. no one没有人；C. something某事；D. nothing什么都没有。none暗示一种数量，即在数量上“一个也没有”。

8、故选A。8. My brother would like to buy a good watch but _ was available from that shop.A. nothing B. noneC. no one D. neither【答案解析】 B【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：我哥哥想买一块好表，但那家商店没有一块合适的。A.nothing没有东西；B.none一个也没有；C.no one没有人；D.neither两者都不。由前文的“to buy a good watch”可知，想买一块好手表，结果一块也没买到，强调数量时应该用“none”。故选B。9. To win the tru

9、st of the employees, your factory should see to_that accounts and operations are as transparent as possible.A. it B. them C. you D. one【答案解析】 A【详解】考查it做形式宾语。句意：为了赢得员工的信任，你的工厂应该确保账目和操作尽可能透明。see to意为“确保，务必”，此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that accounts and operations are as transparent as possible，故选A项。10. If its pos

10、sible to be famous and yet not really well known, _ describes the father who raised me.A. what B. which C. that D. where【答案解析】 C【详解】考查代词。句意：我的父亲声名在外,但又不是众所周知。这就是养育我的父亲。此处是if引导的条件状语从句，主句缺少主语，所以空格处用that做整个主句的主语。故选C。11. The Amazon rainforest is considered the lungs of Earth, much of _ located in Brazil

11、A. which B. what C. it D. that【答案解析】 C【详解】考查代词。句意：亚马逊雨林被认为是地球的肺，大部分位于巴西。此处The Amazon rainforest是句子主语，located是过去分词，其逻辑主语是much of it，这里是过去分词的独立主格结构，而不是定语从句，用it代替The Amazon rainforest。故选C。12. The overall consumption scale is expected to reach 201 billion yuan this year, meaning an increase of 18.5 perc

12、ent over _ of 2018.A. that B. it C. the one D. those【答案解析】 A【详解】考查代词。句意：今年，整体消费规模有望达到2010亿元，这意味着比2018年增加18.5%。分析句子可知，空白处指代“今年的整体消费规模”，与“2018年的的整体消费规模”是同一类，但不是同一个，要用that指代。the one 不能只代不可数名词。故选A项。【点睛】代词one, it that的用法： 1.one, it, that常常用来代替或避免重复某个名词。例如：Im looking for a flat. Id really like one with a

13、garden. -Where did you find your watch? - I find it in our classroom. The population of China is larger than that of any other country. 2.one可指人或物，只替代单数可数名词，复数用ones. One是泛指，但有限定修饰语，如the, this, that修饰就变成了特指。如： One must do ones duty. Mary has a red pencil and Jane has a blue one. The new designs are m

14、uch better than the old ones. 3.that只指物，不指人，可替代可数名词或不可数名词，具有“特指”性质。指的是同类事物中的另一样东西，即同类异物。如：The library of our school is bigger than that of yours.(that代替的是另一个图书馆。) 4One 和that 在代替可数名词时，如果没有前置定语只有后置定语时，the one 和that可互换。但该名词如有前置定语，则只能用the one,而不能用that。例如：I will take the seat next to the one(=that)by the

15、 window.我就坐窗口的那个座位旁边。I prefer the large box to the small one.(one 不可用that替换 )。 5That的复数形式those代替可数名词的复数。可指人或物，一般后面跟修饰语。如：Todays cellphones are smaller than those(=the ones)used in the past. The students who do best in exam are not always those(=the ones) with the best brains. 6.the one(ones)或 that ,

16、those 指代某一名词做定语从句的先行词时，其关系代词which在that之后，which不能省，而在the one、ones 之后，which可省略。如：Their problem today is somewhat similar to that which they faced many years ago. 7.代替不可数名词时，应该用that。如：The equipment is different from that. 8.it代替上文所提到的名词时，是指同类事物中的同一样东西，即同类事物。如：I have lost my pen. Im looking for it. 9.it

17、和that可代替前面整个句子的意思，而one却不能；that可引导一个限定性定语从句，代替某个先行词（单复数名词均可），it和one则不能；it可代替不定式、动名词或从句，用作形式主语或形式宾语，也可用于强调句型中，而one和that则不能。如：-I will make bed for you. It is very kind of you. Jim said he had read my novel.But that was not possible. A clock is an instrument that tells time. The students that surf the I

18、nternet will be punished by the teacher. It is nice to see you again. It is no use calling her up. I found it impossible for me to pass the test. It was I who broke your window.13. Never shall I forget that poem and the inspiration provided for my first novel.A. which B. thatC. it D. what【答案解析】 C试题分

19、析：C考查代词。我永远也不能忘记这首诗歌和它给我的第一本小说给我的灵感。这里inspiration后面是定语从句，关系代词省。定语从句还缺少主语the poem，用it特指前面的that poem，所以选C。14. If you see things in a negative light, you will find faults everywhere and problems where there are really _A. none B. someC. many D. nothing【答案解析】 A【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：如果你用消极的眼光看待事物，你会发现到处都是错误，到处都是

20、问题。A. none没有任何东西；B. some一些；C. many许多；D. nothing无事，无物。此处指没有问题的地方也有问题，故选A。15. The natural environment should be protected because of the important role _ plays in human survival and development.A. which B. the oneC. it D. that【答案解析】 C考查代词。句意：自然环境应该被保护，因为它在人类生存和发展方面起着重要作用。此处用it指代The natural environment

21、，在从句中作主语，it用于替代上文出现的同一事物，所指的是同名同物；one用于替代上文提到的可数名词单数，表示泛指；that用于替代上文出现的可数名词单数或不可数名词，表特指。one和that所指的是同名异物。不能用which，如果是which的话，那构成定语从句，先行词是role，但这不符合语境。故只能选C。16. -What do you think of Steven Hawking?-Despite his disabled body, he was a man of scientific nature, _worthy of admiration.A. one B. who C. t

22、hat D. this【答案解析】 A【详解】考查代词。句意：你认为霍金怎么样？尽管身体残疾，但他是一个具有科学天性的人，一个值得尊敬的人。A. one一个，代词；B. who谁；C. that那个；D. this这个。分析句子可知，此处用one作为a man of scientific nature的同位语，worthy of admiration作为one的后置定语，故选A项。17. The building of an ecological civilization has entered a critical period, _that requires more quality pr

23、oducts to meet peoples demand.A. it B. that C. one D. the one【答案解析】 C【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：生态文明的建设已进入一个关键时期，需要更多的优质产品来满足人们的需求。此处做a critical period的同位语，泛指“一个关键时期”，泛指上文提到可数名词单数，应使用代词one。it指同一事物；that特指上文提到的名词；the one表示特指。故选C。【点睛】it/ one/ that/ the one均可用作代词，指代前面提到的名词。一般说来，it指代同名同物；one与that则指代同名异物，one代指单数名词表泛指，

24、that代指单数名词表特指=the one。如本题中的代词做a critical period的同位语，泛指“一个关键时期”，应使用代词one。18. The police searched his bedroom and found his phone_wed been messaging.A. something B. one C. the one D. someone【答案解析】 C【详解】考查代词。句意：警察搜查了他的卧室，发现了他的手机就是我们一直在发短信的那个。A. something某事；B. one一个（表泛指）；C. the one这/那个（表特指）； D. someone某

25、人。由句意可知，此处特指手机，应用the one。故选C项。19. The information tells me that the way of education in Canada is quite different from _ in China.A. one B. it C. that D. those【答案解析】 C【详解】考查代词。句意：这条信息告诉我在加拿大的教育方式和中国的教育方式很不一样。前后比较的是教育方式，用that指代the加名词。A .one是泛指一个，B.it 指的是同一个东西，D .those指代the 加名词复数，故选C。20. After work I went to the box office to buy the tickets for My People, My Country, only to be told there was _left.A. nothing B. none C. no one D. neither【答案解析】 B【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：下班以后我去买我的人民，我的国家的票，结果被告知没有票剩下了。Nothing灭什么，指物；none没什么，既可以指人也可以指物，有特定的范围限制。no one=nobody指人。nether指两者都不。根据句意是指票没有了，有票这个范围限制。故B正确。