2021届高考英语二轮复习高频阅读词组+练习二十七含解析.doc

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1、2021届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（二十七）一：词组梳理1 as well 也,一样 2 as yet 迄今,到目前为止 3 意外的 by accident=by chance4 交通事故 the traffic accident5 根据 according to6 考虑 take sthinto account7 因为,由于 on account of=because of 后面跟名词,不跟句子8 指责某人某事情 accuse sb of sth9 指控某人某事情 charge sb with sth10 钦佩某人某事情admire sb for sth11 责备某人某事情 scold s

2、b for sth ,blame sb for sth , sb be to blame for sth12 aside from 除之外13 associate with 由联想到,把和.联系起来 14 association with 与的交往 15 at a disadvantage 处于不利地位 16 at a loss 不知所措 17 at no time 从不,决不 18 at one time 曾经,从前曾 19 at the cost of 以为代价 20 at the least 至少21 一周两次 twice a week22 两倍那么多:twice as many as

3、,twice bigger than ,twice the size/length/width of23 一、两天 a day or two ,one or two days24 再两周时间 anther two weeks ,two more weeks25 many a student has a book26 总而言之 in a word27 有能力做某事情 be able to do sth.,be capable of doing28 怎么样 what about doing/how about doing29 当即将要做某事情 be about to do sthwhen30 尤其

4、是,最重要的是 above all31 缺席,不在 be absent from32 全神贯注于某事情 be absorbed in doing sth.33 主观接受:accept 客观接受(接受有形,有实物的东西) receive34 有权利做某事情 have access to sth.35 at a time 每次,一次 36 at all 丝毫,根本37 at any moment 即使,随时38 at first 首先,开始的时候39 at large 未被捕获的,大多数40 at last 终于,最终41 at least 至少 42 at length 最终,详细地43 at

5、most 最多 二：习题训练（A） It is calculated that some of the worlds 7, 000 languages are in danger of getting extinct.“For example, Ainu, a language in Japan, is now seriously threatened, with only 10 native speakers remaining” said lead study author Tatsuya Amano at the University of Cambridge in England.Th

6、e scientists found that 25 percent of the worlds languages are threatened.After identifying where the endangered languages were, they looked for any environmental and social or economic factors those languages might have in common, such as poor areas or rapid population growth.“We find that at the g

7、lobal scale, language speaker declines(减少) are strongly linked to economic growththat is, declines are particularly occurring in economically developed regions,” Amano said.“One important finding of this new study is that languages in the tropics and Himalayan region are likely to be increasingly th

8、reatened in the near future, because these regions still have many local indigenous languages(本地语) with a small number of speakers, and at the same time are experiencing rapid economic growth,” Amano said.Economic growth may endanger languages for a variety of reasons.For instance, speakers of endan

9、gered languages may view another more popular language as offering economic opportunities, and thus forego their own languages.“There are other important factors that might endanger languages,” the researchers said.For instance, policies regarding how languages are used and taught in schools can be

10、very different among countries and even within each country, and these factors may explain more detailed patterns in language endangerment.Amano suggested it could be possible to forecast future threats to the diversity of languages.“There exists detailed information on future changes in the environ

11、ment, economies and climates,” Amano said.“Using such information, together with the findings of this study and further analysis, we would like to understand what will happen to the worlds languages, where it will happen and which languages will be threatened in particular.”1Why is the language of A

12、inu mentioned in Paragraph 1?ATo show that it is most likely to disappear in the futureBTo prove that Japanese is now seriously threatenedCTo show that few people speak Japanese in the worldDTo prove that Japanese is made up of many languages2What may endanger the languages most according to Amano?A

13、The diversity of society.BThe decline of the population.CThe improvement of the environment.DThe development of economy.3What does the underlined word “forego” probably mean?AEmploy.BDesert.CRecord.DAdvance.4What can be inferred from the last paragraph?AThe worlds languages are developing at a rapid

14、 speed.BThe study may be of use in stopping languages dying out.CIt is rather hard for us to protect the diversity of languages.DFuture threats to the diversity of languages are unpredictable. （B）The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. Whil

15、e they are rare north of 88,there is evidence _1_ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _2_ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 2

16、0,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modem methods _3_ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _4_ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut _5_ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlem

17、ents, leading to a _6_ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by _7_ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are _8_ (high) than they actually are. Of _9_ nineteen recognized polar bear subp

18、opulations, three are declining, six _10_ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.答案及解析A【答案】ADBB【解析】这是一篇说明文。据统计，世界上7000种语言中有一些濒临灭绝。文章主要讲述了世界上有很多语言面临灭绝的现状，分析了造成语言面临灭绝的原因。1推理判断题。文章第一段It is calculated that some of the worlds 7, 000 languages are in danger of getting extinct. “For exam

19、ple, Ainu, a language in Japan, is now seriously threatened, with only 10 native speakers remaining”可知提到世界上许多语言面临着灭绝的危险，接着以日本的阿伊努语为例，这说明该语言在未来有可能消失。故第1段提到阿伊努语是为了表明它很可能在未来消失。故选A。2细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“We find that at the global scale, language speaker declines(减少) are strongly linked to economic growththat

20、 is, declines are particularly occurring in economically developed regions,” Amano said.可知，Amano认为经济的发展有可能引起某种语言的使用人数减少，使得这种语言濒临灭绝。故选D。3词义猜测题。根据上文Economic growth may endanger languages for a variety of reasons. For instance, speakers of endangered languages may view another more popular language as

21、offering economic opportunities, and thus可知由于种种原因，经济增长可能危及语言。例如，濒危语言的使用者可能认为另一种更受欢迎的语言提供了经济机会，因此放弃了自己的语言。故可推测划线单词意思为“放弃；舍弃”。A. Employ.雇用；B. Desert.舍弃；C. Record.记录；D. Advance.前进。故选B。4推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“Using such information, together with the findings of this study and further analysis, we would like t

22、o understand what will happen to the worlds languages, where it will happen and which languages will be threatened in particular.”（“利用这些信息，结合这项研究的结果和进一步的分析，我们希望了解世界上的语言将会发生什么，将在哪里发生，以及哪些语言将受到特别的威胁。”）可知，这项研究可能有助于阻止语言的消亡。故选B。 B【语篇解读】本文为科普文类说明文，介绍了北极熊的生存现状。 1. 【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整

23、，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。 2. 【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。 3. 【解析】考查介词用法。此处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定语，用of 连接，“methods of doing sth.”,意为“的方法”，构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。 4. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：

24、跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perform。 5. 【解析】考查时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported。 6. 【解析】考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词形式，故填belief。 7. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。8. 【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。 9. 【解析】考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。 10. 【解析】考查主谓一致。根据three are declining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。