2022年高中英语语法名词性从句.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思具出名词性质的名词从句A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come ”名词性从句是指可以像名词一样在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语、同位语的从句；对于名答案A 词性从句,第一要从整体上把握其基本形式,明白各种引导词的使用方法；其次,要分别解析下划线处是when 引导的宾语从句的一部分,应采纳正常陈述句的语序；明白主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句各自的一些特点；考题 5 Someone is ringing the doorbel

2、l. Go and see _. 2000 上海 一 名词性从句的基本形式A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 名词性从句通常以“引导词正常陈述句语序”的基本形式显现,有时会省略引导词,例答案D 解析下划线处是充当see的宾语的名词性从句,应采纳 “ 引导词正常陈述句语序如：1-1 Where the meeting is to be held has not been decided. 在哪里开会仍没打算；引导词的基本形式,又由于谈到不确定的人时通常用it 指代,所以此题应选D；where 在正常陈述句语序的主语从句中作地点状

3、语 二 名词性从句引导词的基本用法1-2 Whether he will attend the party is not known. 他是否要来参与聚会仍不知道；引导词下表对高考中常见的名词性从句的引导词进行了总结：whether 在正常的陈述句语序的主语从句中不充当任何详细成分,只起引导作用 名词性从句的引导词引导词是否在名词性从句中充当成分的情形考题 1 These shoes look very good. I wonder _. 2006 上海春 连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose A. how much cost they are B. how m

4、uch do they cost C. how much they cost D. how much are they cost 答案C 解析cost 表示价格通常用主动形式,wonder 的宾语从句应在 how much 之后实行陈述句的形式而不是倒装句的形式,据此可以选出 C；考题 2 Having checked the doors were closed, and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. 2007 湖南 A. why B. that C. when D. where 连接副词：

5、when, where, why, how what, which 在从句中作主语、宾语、 表语或定语；who 在从句中作主语、表语； whom在从句中作宾语；whose 在从句中作定语；when, where, why, how 在从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语、缘由状语、方式状语连词 that 否连词 whether, if 否名词性从句的引导词在高考中的基本用法详见下面的总结：名师归纳总结 答案B 1. 引导特殊疑问句的疑问词在转为引导名词性从句时,即成为连接代词主要包括 what, 解析“ all the lights were off 是可以单独成句、正常语序的陈述句,但是由于之后w

6、hich, who, whom, whose 或者连接副词 主要包括 when, where, why, how ；留意体会如下例句：的“ the boy opened the door to his bedroom 已经构成整个句子中的主句、其前面的全部成分为2-1 Choose which you like best. 选你最喜爱的； / 2-2 Who has taken away my bag is unknown. 主句的状语,因此下划线处应引导一个名词性从句充当前面checked 的宾语；此题挑选that谁拿走了我的包仍不知道；/ 2-3 Have you decided whom

7、 you are to nominate as your candidate. 你们是否已经打算提名谁做候选人了./ 2-4 He asked when Mr. Gilbert would be allowed to go 引导名词性从句是由于why、 when、 where 引导名词性从句时需要在从句中充当状语,而home. 他问什么时候可以答应吉尔伯特先生回家；/ 2-5 Where we can look up his address is still that 引导名词性从句时不充当从句中的特定成分；考题 3 Can you make sure _ the gold ring. 199

8、0 a problem. 我们在哪儿可以查到他的地址仍是个难题；/ 2-6 Why he did that wasnt quite clear. A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 他为什么做那件事仍不特别清晰；/ 2-7 How they will solve the serious problem has not been decided. 他们将怎样解决这个严峻问题仍没有打算；答案C 解析下划线处是充当宾语的名词性从句,应采纳 “ 引导词正常

9、陈述句语序”的基以下两种特殊情形要赐予特殊关注：1 what 作连接代词引导的名词性从句既可以表示一个问“什么 ？ ” 的问题,也可以本形式；考题 4 As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when _ and see him. 2005表示相当于 “ 名词 /代词关系代词引导的定语从句”结构的意思, 这种特殊用法在语法上被称第 1 页,共 8 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思作“关系代词型的 what ”, 留意体会如下例句： 2-8 He is not what =t

10、he person that he was a few help you, I dont know yet. 我们是否真的能帮忙你,我仍不知道； 位于句首的宾语从句 / years ago. 他不是几年前的他了；/ 2-9 This is what =the place that they call Salt Lake City. 这 2-24The teacher worried about whether he had hurt the girl 老师为是否损害了那女孩就是他们称作盐湖城的地方；/ 2-10 What =the place that is now the North Sah

11、ara Desert was 的感情而担忧； 介词后的宾语从句 / 2-25The question is whether they can cooperate with us. 问once a civilized world. 现在的北部撒哈拉沙漠曾是一个文明世界；/ 2-11 Our income is now 题是他们能否与我们合作；表语从句 / 2-26The question whether he should come himself or double what =the income that it was ten years ago. 我们现在的收入是十年前的两倍；/ 2-1

12、2 send a substitute must be decided upon. 他该亲自来仍是派人替他来,这个问题必需定下来； 同The color of the flower is different from what =the color that it was in the morning. 花朵 现在的 位语从句 / 2-27The little girl asked her father whether she should go to the party or not. 那女孩颜色与它早上的颜色不同；问她的父亲她应不应当参与这个晚会；包含 or not 的宾语从句 2 带ev

13、er后缀的疑问词除引导让步状语从句之外,仍可以引导名词性从句 “ no matter 留意：确定形式的 doubt 后面通常接 whether/if 引导的宾语从句,否定形式的 doubt 后疑问词 ”的结构只能引导让步状语从句,不行以引导名词性从句 , 留意体会以下例句：面通常接 that 引导的宾语从句,例如：2-28I doubt whether it我怀疑它是否是真实的；2-13 Whoever wants to see this film can go with us tonight. 无论谁想看这部电影,今晚都可以和 / 2-29I doubt if that was what h

14、e wanted. 我怀疑那是否是他所想要的；/2-30 I don t doubt that 我们一起去； / 2-14 You can give the ticket to whomever you like. 你可以把票给任何你想给的 you are honest. 我不怀疑你的诚恳；/ 2-31She never doubted for a moment that she was right. 她人；/ 2-15 All the books are here. You may borrow whichever book you like. 全部的书都在这儿,对自己是正确的这一点从不怀疑

15、；你愿借哪本就借哪本；/ 2-16 I ll do whatever you as k me to do. 你叫我做什么,我就做什么；考题 1 Could you do me a favor. 2. that 引导名词性从句时后面接完整的陈述句,that 只起引导名词性从句的作用而不充 It depends on _ it is. 2006 北京 当该名词性从句中的详细成分；引导宾语从句时 that 常可省略,但引导主语从句、表语从句、 同位语从句时 that 通常不被省略；例如：2-17 She hoped that he would arrive on time. 她期望他按时到达；宾语从

16、句 2-18 That she was chosen made us very happy. 她被选中了让我们很高兴；主语从句 2-19 I have the belief that I will succeed. 我怀有必胜的信念；同位语从句 that, what 引导名词性从句的区分在于：that 在其引导的名词性从句中不充当任何成分,在有的情形下可以省略；what 需要在其引导的名词性从句中充当主语、宾语、 表语或者定语, 而且引导名词性从句的 what 在任何情形下都不能省略；例如：A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever 答案C 解析下划线处

17、的引导词引导 on 后的宾语从句,并且在该宾语从句中充当表语,表示疑问句 “ What is it. 你要我帮的忙是什么？ ”的含义；留意：题干中没有用“ whatever ” 行强调的必要；考题 2 I think its going to be a big problem. Yes, it could be. I wonder _ we can do about it. 2002 北京春 A. if B. how C. what D. that 名师归纳总结 2-20 That he will succeed is obvious. 明显,他会胜利； 引导主语从句的that 不在其中充t

18、答案C 当详细的句子成分 解析下划线处的引导词引导wonder 后的宾语从句并且在该宾语从句中充当do 的宾2-21 What she told me is not true. 她所告知我的都不是真的；what 在其引导的主语从句中语, if , that 引导名词性从句时都不充当名词性从句中的句子成分,how 引导名词性从句作宾语 时充当名词性从句中的方式状语,因此应排除A 、 B、 D 而选出 C；此题中 what we can do 3. whether 与 if 均可以引导表示 “是否 ” 之意的名词性从句,且 whether 与 if 均不在这种about it 可以懂得为对应于疑问

19、句“ What can we do about it. 的名词性从句,what 引导的这种名词性从句中充当详细的句子成分；在引导宾语从句时whether 与 if 一般可以互换,但在引名词性从句跟其他疑问词形式的引导词所引导的名词性从句的含义相近；导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、介词后的宾语从句、放于句首的宾语从句或者名考题 3 You can only be sure of _ you have at present: you cannot be sure of something 词性从句中包含or not 时通常只能用whether 作引导词；留意体会以下例句：2-22 I don _

20、 you might get in the future. 2007 安徽 know if/whether I can help you. 我不知道我能否帮忙你；宾语从句 / 2-23Whether we can really A. that; what B. what; 不填 C. which; that D. 不填 ; that 第 2 页,共 8 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思答案B 解析 第一个下划线处应填入一个可以引导 of 的宾语从句泛指“你现在所拥有的东西”且在该宾语从句内部充当 have 的宾

21、语的词,这样的引导词只能是 what, 由此可以直接排除选项 A 、 C、 D 而选出 B；考题 4 _ we can t get seems better than _ we have. 1996A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what 答案A 解析名词性从句 what we can t get 和 what we have 中 what 都充当宾语,都属于关系代词型的 what, 本身不表示疑问而表示泛指相关的事物；“ what we can t get 相当于包含定语从句的 “ things that we can,

22、“ what we have 相当于包含定语从句的“ things that we have”；考题 5 It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. 1997 A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever A. where B. when C. how D. what 答案B 因此应填入表示时间的when 引导 remind解析题干中全部句子都环绕时间绽开,的直接宾语；考题 10 Information has been put forward _ m

23、ore middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. 上海 2000 A. while B. that C. when D. as 答案B 解析陈述客观情形的名词性从句的引导词之后是完整的陈述句,引导词本身不充当该名词性从句中详细的句子成分,有这样用法的引导词只能是 that；此题下划线处引导了information 的同位语从句 为防止头重脚轻,本句中 information 的同位语从句与 information之间被谓语动词部分隔开 ；考题 11 The other day, my brother drove hi

24、s car down the street at _ I thought was a 答案B dangerous speed. 2004上海春 解析whatever 在这里的用法跟关系代词型的what 一样,其引导的名词性从句“ whatever he or she wants 泛指一个孩子想要的任何东西；考题 6 It was a matter of _ would take the position. 1998 上海 A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever A. as B. which C. what D. that 答案C 解析下划线处的引导词引导介词

25、 at 的宾语从句,该引导词在 at 的宾语从句中所包含的又一个宾语从句 充当 think 的宾语 里充当主语,特指说话人的兄弟驾车的速度,四个答案A 选项中只有关系代词型的引导词 what 具有这样的用法；留意：此题中 at 的宾语从句中又包解析下划线处的引导词所引导的名词性从句充当介词 of 的宾语,在其引导的宾语 含一个宾语从句,总共显现了两个宾语从句,其中其次个宾语从句 I thought 之后的宾语从从句内部充当的是主语 通常用 who 指代 而不是宾语 通常用 whom 指代 , 而且题干中没有 句的引导词 that 被省略了；供应强调 “任何人 ”的语境,因此应填入引导词 who

26、；考题 12 Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _ it is rough or 考题 7 Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales, please. 2007 山东 smooth. 2005 天津 A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who 答案C 表示 “ 负责国际销售的任何人 ”, 四解析 下划线处引导speak to之后的宾语从句,个选项中只有whoever 适合；考题 8

27、 Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game. 2005 A. why B. what C. who D. that 答案A A. 不填 B. whether C. how D. what 答案B “是否 ” 的含义；解析题干中的 or 意味着下划线处需要表示考题 13 _ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. 2006山东 A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whate

28、ver D. Whichever 解析下划线处引导的名词性从句属于介词on 的宾语,在该名词性从句中引导词充答案D 当缘由状语,所以应选 A ；考题 9 Please remind me _ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. 2006 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思解析 下划线处引导全句的主语,因此不能选用只能引导让步状语从句的选项A 、B；考题 3 _ we ll go camping tomorr

29、ow depends on the weather. 1996下划线处表示 “任何一支 获胜的球队 ”之意, 用 which 的相关形式更为合适,因此进一步排除 C 而选出 D；三 主语从句的基本用法在句中作主语的名词性从句称为主语从句,主语从句所对应的谓语动词通常用第三人称单数的形式；为了整个句子的平稳,主语从句常常后置,并用 it 充当形式主语 此时,that引导的主语从句如不放在句首,可以省略引导词 that；例如：3-1What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清晰；/3-2 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎； / 3

30、-3It is a pity that we haven t contacted for ages. 很遗憾,我们几年没联系了；/ 3-4It has not been decided where A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 答案B 解析下划线处的引导词之后接了一个完整的陈述句,但整个主语从句不是客观陈述某种情形而是要表示“ 是否 ”的意思,应选用引导词 whether；留意：表示 “ 是否 ”的名词性从句的引导词 if 不能用于引导主语从句；考题 4 It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of

31、 carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. 2003 上海 A. that B. when C. what D. how 答案C 名师归纳总结 the meeting is to be held. 在哪里开会仍没打算；/ 3-5It doesnt matter whether she will come or 解析 此题下划线处引导的是一个放在句末的主语从句被句首的形式主语it 所指代 ；not. 她是否来这无关紧要；在该主语从句中引导词要作主语,四个选项中只有what 可以充当名词性从句的主语；留意：不要混淆 it 作形式主语指代主语从句

32、与it 引导强调句型的情形：考题 5 It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. 1992 it 作形式主语代替主语从句主要是为了平稳句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化；itA. while B. that C. if D. for 引导的强调句就是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that被答案B 强调部分指人时也可用who/whom / 区分 it 作形式主语指代主语从句与it 引导强调句型的解析 此题下划线处引导的是一个放在句末的主语从句被句首的形式主语it 所指代 ；有效技巧是：将“ It be . that

33、 . 中的 it be 和 that 去掉后,句子仍旧成立的是强调句,句子陈述客观情形的名词性从句的引导词之后是完整的陈述句,引导词本身不充当该名词性从句不能成立的是that 引导的主语从句；例如：3-6It was my suggestion that made him confident of 中详细的句子成分,有这样用法的引导词只能是that；考题 6 It is none of year business _ other people think about you. Believe yourself. success. 正是我的建议使他对胜利有了自信；去掉 it be 和 that

34、后可以构成完整的强调句型的原型 “ My suggestion made him confident of success., 因此本句属于强调句；2007 福建 It is my suggestion that he needs more practice. 他需要更多的练习是我的建议；去掉it beA. how B. what C. which D. when 答案B 和 that 后本句讲不通,因此本句属于主语从句；解析下划线处引导主语从句表示“其他人如何想你 ”, 在该主语从句中充当think 的考题 1 _ makes this shop different is that it o

35、ffers more personal services. 2006 辽宁 宾语,四个选项中只能挑选what 做引导词；题干中what 引导的主语从句放在句末、由句A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever 答案A 首的形式主语it 所指代；解析题干中的主语从句特指“使得这家商店与众不同的事物” , 而且没有强调 “使得四 表语从句的基本用法这家商店与众不同的任何事物” 之意,应选用 what 引导主语从句；名词性从句在be 等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句,例如： 4-1The problem is how we 考题 2 _ fashion differs

36、from country to country may reflect the cultural differences can get the things we need.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西；how 在表语从句中充当方from one aspect. 2002 上海春 式状语 / 4-2The scissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的；what 在表语从句中A. What B. That C. This D. Which 充当宾语 / 4-3What I told him was that I would find him a go

37、od play. 我告知他的是我会给他找答案B 个好剧本； what 在主语从句中作直接宾语,that 作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不解析陈述客观情形的名词性从句的引导词之后是完整的陈述句,引导词本身不充充当句子成分,不能省略 / 4-4That is what I want to tell you. 那就是我想要对你讲的；what当该名词性从句中详细的句子成分,有这样用法的引导词只能是that；第 4 页,共 8 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思在表语从句中充当直接宾语 / 4-5That is why

38、 she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格答案B 的缘由； why 在表语从句中充当缘由状语 解析下划线处的引导词引导系动词 is 后的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当地点状语留意：“ That is why. 是常用句型,意为 “这就是 的缘由 /因此 ” , 其中 why 引 “ disagree ”属于不及物动词,“ I disagree 本身是完整的主谓结构 , 下划线应填入引导词导的名词性从句在句中作表语,该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的缘由进行总结,又 where, 表语从句 “ where I disagree 的意思是 “我不同意之处、我不同意

39、的地方 ” ；如： 4-6That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne. 珍妮,这就是现在这个考题 3 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. 老太婆显现在你面前的缘由；前文提到 Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感惊奇,说话人对她叙述了其中的缘由之后,用这一句来进行概括 ；/ 4-7That is why I came. 这就是我来的原因；下面是两个与 “ That is why.形式相像的结构,它们与 “ That is why.结构之间的关系要 Is that _

40、you had a few days off. 1999 A. why B. when C. what D. where 答案A 解析下划线处的引导词引导与系动词 is 连用的表语从句并在该表语从句中充当缘由状语,下划线应填入表示“因此 ” 指因某种缘由所造成的结果 的引导词 why；能够辨析清晰：考题 4 _ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in 1 “ That is why. 与 “ That is the reason why. 同义, 只不过从语法结构上讲,“ That is

41、the her lessons. 2000上海 reason why. 中 why 引导的是 个定语从句,将其中的 the reason去掉就与 “ That is why. 结”A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that 构一样,例如：答案A 4-8That is the reason why I cannot agree. 这就是我不能同意的理由；解析第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当宾语,特指她2 “ That is because. 句型中从属连词 because引导的名词性从句在此作表语,这也是

42、个 所不懂得的事情,应填入关系代词型的引导词 what； 其次个下划线处表示“ 因此 ” 指因常用句型,意为 “ 这就是为什么 / 由于 ” ；“ That is because. 与“ That is why. 之间的 某种缘由所造成的后果,由 why 引导对应的名词性从句 而不是 “ 为什么 ” 指缘由、理不同在于 “ That is because. 指缘由或理由,“ That is why. 就指由于各种缘由所造成的后果,由, 由 because引导对应的名词性从句 , 应填入引导词 why；例如：考题 5 _ made the school proud was _ more than

43、 90% of the students had been 4-9He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her admitted to key universities. 2003 上海春 homework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影,那是由于他得帮忙他的妹妹做作业；第一句话说明结 A. What; because B. What; that 果, 其次句话说明缘由 C. That; what D. That; because 4-10He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night. 他以前曾看过那部电答案B 解析第一个下划线处的引导词引导主语从句并在该主语从句中充当主语,特指令影, 因此他昨天晚上没有去看；第一句话说明缘由,其次句话说明结果 校方自豪的事情,应选用关系代词型的引导词 what； 其次个下划线处引导表语从句表示原考题 1The traditional view is _ we