2022年高中英语模块一UnitGrowingpains基础语法精讲牛津译林版.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Growing pains 关系副词以及介词 +关系代词引导的定语从句一、关系副词引导的定语从句关系代词先行词在从句中所做成分when 时间状语where 地点状语why 缘由状语The government decided to build a park _ people can enjoy green grass and pretty flowers. A. at where B. which C. at which D. where 【答案与解析】D； people can enjoy green grass and pretty flo

2、wers 做 park 的宾语从句,从句中缺少状语,应是 in the park,故关联词应用 in which/where,句意：政府打算建造一个人们能享受鲜花绿草的公园；应选 D；The reason _ he refused to attend the meeting was that they didnt give him an invitation earlier. A. how B. why C. which D. that B；句意：他们【答案与解析】B；依据前置词the reason 可知引导词需用why 为什么；应选拒绝参与会议的缘由是由于他们没有提前向他发出邀请；We ar

3、e living in an age_ many things are done on computers. A. which B. whose C. that D. when 【答案与解析】D；句意：我们生活在这样一个时代,很多事情都是在电脑上做的；这是 定语从句 ,先行词 是 in an age,指的是时间,when在定语从句 做时间状语 ,应选 D；二、介词 +关系代词引导的定语从句1. “ 介词 +关系代词” 的基本形式“ 介词关系代词” 引导的定语从句在英语中很常见,它既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句；其中的关系代词常用的有 词+which/ whom 、介词短语

4、 + which ；which 和 whom,其最常见的形式为：介The engineer _ my father works is about 60 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with whom D. with which 【答案与解析】C；句意：这个我父亲与之一起工作的工程师大约60 岁了；这个句子中含有一个定语从句, work with sb. 是固定用法, 意思是与某人一起工作,whom,选 C；At last we reached a lonely village, _ a beautiful river. 且关系词指人, 故用 with

5、 A. in front of it lay lieB. in front of which lay C. in front of it laid D. in front of which lied 【答案与解析】B；先行词是a lonely village 定语从句中in front of后面缺少宾语,而且定语从句的地点状语提前,用完全倒装；表示“ 位于” 的意思时,其过去式为“lay ” ；句意：最终我们到了一个偏僻的村子,村子前面有一条漂亮的河；2. “ 介词 +关系代词” 的变化形式“ 介词关系代词” 的结构有多种变形,归纳起来主要有以下几种：代词介词关系代词 Julie was go

6、od at German, French and Russian, all of _ she spoke fluently. A. who B. whom C. which D. that - 1 - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 【答案与解析】C；此处由“ 代词+ of+ 关系代词” 引导非限制性定语从句,which 指代先行词German,French and Russian ；that 并且说得都很流利；不能引导非限制性定语从句；句意：朱莉熟知德语、法语和俄语,the+ 名词介词关系代词,该结构又可以变成介

7、词关系代词+the+ 名词a peaceful The newly built caf , the walls of _ are painted light green, is really place for us, specially after hard work. A. that B. it C. what D. which 【答案与解析】 D；选 D定语从句表示咖啡屋的墙；The walls of which 指代咖啡屋 =of which the walls =whose walls 句意：其墙面被漆成为淡绿色那座新建的咖啡屋,对我们来说,特 别是辛苦以后,真是个祥和的地方；数词介

8、词关系代词 There are more than 50 students in my class, 26 of _ are girls. A. them B. which C. whom D. those 【答案与解析】C；由于先行词是“50 students ” ,表示人,故用 whom； 26 of whom=and 26 of them ；句意：我班有 50 多个同学,其中 26 个是女生；the 形容词比较级 最高级 介词关系代词There are two buildings, _ stands nearly a hundred feet high. A. the larger B.

9、 the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which 【答案与解析】D；the larger of which=and the larger of the two buildings；句意：有两栋建筑,其中较大的一栋建筑有一百英尺高；介词 whose名词The old farmer _ farm we spent a happy weekend was spellbound by Chinese culture. A. on whom B. who C. on whose D. whose 【答案与解析】C；句意：在

10、他的农村我们度过一个欢乐的周末的老农夫被中国文化迷住了；这里是定语从句,先行词是 the old farmer ,定语从句中完整的是：we spent a happy weekend on his farm,缺少的是 on his ,用 on whose ,所以选 C；留意：多数情形下：介词的判定主要是依据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配或是依据定语从句中某个名词与与先行词的搭配容而定； Can you lend me the book _ you talked the other day. A. about which B. which C. about that D. that which

11、 作【答案与解析】A；“ 谈到某事物” 应说talk about sth；about 是介词,其后要用宾语,不能用that ； Water, _ we cannot live, exists in the form of liquid, gas or solid. A. from which B. on which C. by which D. without which 【答案与解析】D；先行词是 water ,依据句意：我们的生存不能缺少的水,是以液体,气体或固体存在的；定语从句中缺少介词 without water ,用 without which 引导定语从句,选 D；随堂练习1.I

12、can well remember that there was once a time _I grew crazy about painting. A. until B. after C. when D. before - 2 - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 【答案】 C 【解析】句意：我清晰地记得曾经有一段时间我迷恋于绘画；time是先行词,其后是定语从句,从句中缺少时间状语,应用when引导；2.Internet crime is a subject _the world might argue for

13、a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which 【答案】 C 【解析】句意：网络犯罪是世界各国争议很久的一个话题；定搭配,故关系代词前面的介词用 about ；argue about “ 谈论某事” ,是固3.Do you know the reason _ he got angry yesterday. A. why B. that C. which D. whom 【答案】 A 【解析】句意：你知道他昨天愤怒的缘由吗？用 why 引导,亦可用for which；the reason 作先行词,定语从句缺

14、少缘由状语,4. Could you tell me where Mr. Smith lives. He lives in a house _ the window opens to the south. A. whose B. which C. of which D. where 【答案】 C 【解析】句意：“ 你能告知我史密斯先生住在哪里吗？” “ 他在窗户朝南的房子里；” of which the window the window of whichwhose window ；5.Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago. A. that

15、 B. which C. where D. the one 【答案】 C 【解析】句意：这就是他10 年前工作过的工厂吗？the factory作先行词,定语从句缺地点状语,故用where 引导；6.The school _ I visited the other day was not the one _ I once studied. A. that; which B. which; where C. where; which D. where; where 【答案】 B 【解析】句意：我前几天参观的学校不是我曾经学习过的那所学校；第一个定语从句缺少visited的宾语,用that/whi

16、ch引导定语从句；而其次个定语从句就缺地点状语,用where引导,故 B项正确；7.Wind power is an ancient source of energy _ we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which 【答案】 C 【解析】考查“ 介词 which” 引导的定语从句的用法；句意：风能是一种古老的能源,我们在不久的将来可能会重新利用它；return to sth.“ 回来到 ” ；8.Generally speaking, the media can ofte

17、n help solve problems and draw attention to the cases_ help is needed. A. where B. when C. which D. whose 【答案】 A 【解析】句意：一般来说,媒体通常能帮忙解决问题并且将人们的留意力吸引到需要帮忙的地方；定语从句中如先行词为case, situation, point, condition, stage等词时,通常使- 3 - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 用 where 来引导；9.We went thr

18、ough a period_ communication was very difficult in the rural areas. A. which B. whose C. in which D. with which 【答案】 C 【解析】 a period作先行词,且在定语从句中作时间状语；介词in通常和period搭配,in.period意为“ 在 期间” ；应选C；all 10.During those years the four young men gave many concerts _ they played their latest songs. A. at which B. for which C. for whom D. at whom 【答案】 A 【解析】句意：在那些年,这四个年轻人举办了很多演唱会,在演唱会上他们演唱了他们所有的最新歌曲； 分析句式结构可知, 此处考查“ 介词关系代词” 引导的定语从句,依据 at the concerts “ 在音乐会上” 可知,A 项正确；- 4 - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 4 页