2022年高考英语宾语从句.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师精编 欢迎下载高考英语宾语从句一、 关联词关联词又称 “ 连词 ”或 “引导词 ”,是宾语从句的重要组成部分；连词： 1.连接代词（ that,who,whom ,what,which ）2.连接副词（ when,where,why ,how）3.从属连词（ if ,whether）由一般疑问句转变而来的宾语从句,用 if 或 whether 引导 . 在试卷中一般依据从句中“ 缺什么补什么 ” 的原就,结合上下文选用恰当的连词；如：1. I don t know who will be our headteacher next semes

2、ter. 缺指人的主语用 who,如缺指物的主语就用 what；2. I doubt what my epal will write soon. 缺指物的宾语用 what,如缺指人的宾语就用 whom；3. I think that my deskmate will get through all the major subjects. 句子不缺成分,用 that; 假如 that后跟有代词,可省略 that；4. She let me know when the meeting would be held. 缺时间状语, 用 when；缺地点状语, 用 where；缺缘由状语,用 why ；

3、缺方式状语,用 how；5. I don t know which / what topic I should choose. 缺定语,用 what 或 which；6. The teacher asked whether / if I was getting ready for the coming test. 表示 “ 是否（有,能,已经 ）” 等含义,用 whether 或 if ；7. I d be interested to know whether he will see the movie 强调是否对比时,用连词whether；例 1 A computer can only do

4、 _ you have instructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when 例 2 Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the game. A. why B. what C. who D. that 例 3 The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _ he thought was not enough. A. where B. how C. what D. which 例 4 The way he did it was diffe

5、rent _ we were used to. A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which 例 5 He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning _ his teammates had done. A. what B. which C. why D. while 二、 语序以从属连词（ if , whether）、连接代词（what,which ,who ,whose）和连接副词（when,where,how, why）等引导的宾语从句用 陈述句语序 ；例 6 N

6、o one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like 例 7 The boss went up to ask _. A. what the matter was B. whats the m atter C. what was the matter D. what the matter is 三、 时态宾语从句的时态要和主句相呼应 : 1. 假如主句谓语动

7、词是现在时或将来时,从句谓语动词时态可不受约束；2. 假如主句谓语动词是过去时,从句谓语动词的时态须与之呼应；Eg. I thought he had gone to town today. 3. 当从句表达的是客观真理时,其谓语动词仍用现在时态；如：例 8Eg. Galileo insisted that the earth moves round the sun. 第 1 页,共 5 页The manager entered the office and was happy to learn four fifths of the tickets _. 例 9A. was booked B.

8、 had been booked C. were booked D. have been booked We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _ office soon. 例 10A. leaves B. would leaveC. had left D. had been away Do you work in the lab every afternoon. No, but sometimes I wish I _. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. have t

9、ime 名师精编欢迎下载D. had time to B. had time to do C. have time to 四、 宾语从句的减缩式宾语从句有时可减缩为“ 疑问词 +不定式 ” 的形式；例 11 I ve worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects 例 12 It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _

10、. A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it 例 13 The mother didn t know _ to blame for the broken glasses as it happened while she was out. A. who B. when C. how D. what 五、 宾语从句的特别式1. 复合连接代词在宾语从句中的使用；如：Sarah hopes to become a friend of whoever shares her

11、 interest. who）（whoever= anyone who / any person These wild flowers are so special I would do whatever I can to save them. （whatever= anything that ）It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants. whatever 在此处是泛指, 不可被 what 替代；而 “ I can t remember at the moment who has sai

12、d the words. 中的 who 表特定的某人,不行以改成 whoever；2. it 作形式宾语,从句作真正宾语；（1） 动词+ it + important / necessary / natural / etc. + thatclause；thatclause 中谓语动词前可加should,亦可省略；如：I think it important that you （should） attend the conference. （2） 动词 + it + as + 名词 / 形容词 + clause；如：The lecturer takes it as encouraging whe

13、n so many students attend his lecture. （3）动词 + it + 介词 + thatclause；常见的有：owe it to sb. + thatclause（把 归功于某人） ,leave it to sb. + thatclause（把 留给某人去做） , take it for granted + thatclause （想当然）, keep it in mind + thatclause （记住 ）；如：I just took it for granted that hed always be around.（4） 动词 + it + claus

14、e；如： I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. 英语中少数介词很活跃,能带从句作其宾语；如：3. 含宾语从句的反意疑问句；I go to see a film except when it rains. 当陈述部分带有 that 引导的宾语从句时, 疑问部分的主语和谓语一般应与陈述部分主句的主语和谓语保持对应关系；如：Brian told you that there wasnt anyone in the room at that time, didnt he.当陈述部分主句的主语是第一人称,谓语动词是think / belie

15、ve / suppose / guess / imagine / expect / suspect / feel 等时,疑问部分的主语和谓语往往与陈述部分从句中的主语和谓语保持对应 关系,此时实质上是将对主句的否定转移到对从句的否定上；如：I don t suppose anyone will volunteer, will they.4. 两个及以上表示陈述的宾语从句并列时,第一个连词that 可以省略,但其次个及以后的不行省；如： He told me （that） they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice

16、. 5. 主语 + be +形容词 + clause；如： I m afraid that I cant promise you anything.例 14 The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever 例 15 _ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever 例 16I d apprec

17、iate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. A. that B. it C. this D. you 例 17I dont think you could have been used to the quick pace of life while studying in the USA_ you. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师精编 欢迎下载_. I thought of returning to our country at

18、one time. A. had; Yes B. do; Yes C. have; No D. were; No 例 18 With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased _ he was a man of action. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 宾语从句练习题类型一：引导词的运用（1） I dont know _or not A whether he is at home B if he is at home C that he

19、 is at home D whether is he at home （2） This depends on _ the weather is fine A whichB whetherC ifD that （3） The teacher asked the new student _ class he was inA which B where C if D that （4） I dont know _ Mr Green will come to see us Hell help us with our English A why B when C how D where （5） Be c

20、areful ！ Dont break the bottles Do you hear _ I said. David. Yes, Mum A what B that C why D if （6） Do you know _ Mr Blacks address is. He may live at NO 18 or No 19 of Bridge Street Im not sure of _A where, which B where, what C what, which D what , where （7） There is not much difference between the

21、 two I really don t know _ A what should I choose B which I should choose C which should I choose D what I should choose 类型二：宾语从句的语序（1）Did you find out _. A she was looking for whose child C whose child she is looking for（2）Are you interested in _. B whose child was she looking for D whose child she

22、 was looking for A how did he do itB he did it howC how he did itD he how did it （3）I don t know _ Can you tell me. A how the two players are old C the two players are how oldB how old are the two players D how old the two players are （4）What did the scientist say. He said he wondered if _ into spac

23、e by spaceship one dayA he had to fly B he could fly C can he fly D could he fly （5）Excuse me, sir Could you tell me _. A Where the bank nearest C where the nearest bank isB where is the nearest bank D the nearest bank is where （6）She asked Tom _ with his car. A what the matter was B what the matter

24、 is C what was the matter D what is the matter 类型三：时态（1） Its 7：30 I cant believe you_ cooking dinner yet , Sally第 3 页,共 5 页名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师精编 欢迎下载A havent started B didnt C dont start D hadnt started （2）The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 _ Christmas Day A i

25、s B was C has been D will be （3）The teacher said that the earth _round the sunA goes B go C went D will go （4）We d like to tell you that you _the exam A have passed B had passed C pass D will pass （5）“ Could you tell me_. ”“Yes They _ to the library ”A where are the twins, have been C where the twin

26、s are, have goneB where were the twins , have been D, where the twins were , have gone （6）Our father said that he _ a new computer next week A will buy B have bought C would buy D buys （7）I hear that he _ to Beijing yesterday A goes B will go C went D have gone 类型四：其他反意疑问句,it 做形式宾语（1）I dont think he

27、 is right ,_. A isnt he Bis he Cdo I D dont I （2） He believes she is right , _. A doesnt he Bdoes he Cis she Disnt she （3）I thought that he disliked playing football,_. A didnt he Bdid he C did I Ddidnt I （4） I find _ important that we practice English every dayA it B this C that D what （5） You cant

28、 imagine _when they received the nice gift A how they were excited C how excited were they高考题B how excited they were D they were how excited 1 What did you parents think about your decision. They always let me do _ I think I should （06 全国）A when B that C how D what 2Please remind me _ he said he was

29、 going I may be in time to see him off A where B when C how D what（06 全国）3Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game （05 全国卷）A why Bwhat Cwho Dthat 4Someone is ringing the doorbell Go and see_ （2000 上海）A who is heB who he isC who is itD who it is 5 We havent heard from Jane for a l

30、ong time What do you consider _to her. （NMET 1990 ）A was happeningB to happenC has happenedD happening 答案类型一： ABABACB类型二 DCDBCC 类型三 AAAACCC类型四 BAAAB高考题 DBADC 第 4 页,共 5 页名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师精编 欢迎下载例题解析：例 1 解析：待选项在从句中充当 to do 的宾语,应选 C；例 2 解析：由于从句中句意清晰,结构完整,故可排除 B、C 项； D 项用于宾

31、语从句时只起引导词的作用,无词义,同时不充当任何成分,而题干上下文表示因果关系,应选 A ；例 3 解析：依据句子结构,for 后面的从句缺少主语,故答案为 C；例 4 解析：答案为 C；此题为词组 be different from 后跟 what 引导的宾语从句,不要误看作定语从句而选 D；例 5 解析：由句式结构可知 mention 后为宾语从句；do 作实意动词时为及物动词,故空格处需要既能作 do 的宾语,又能引导宾语从句的连词,答案为 A ；例 6 解析：B 项是特别疑问句语序,有悖于宾语从句的陈述语序；C、D 项句法、句意均不妥；A 项是陈述句语序,故正确；例 7 解析：A 项易

32、被判定成陈述句语序,颇具困惑性；实际上,从句中的what 作主语, was 为系动词, the matter 是表语； B、D 项时态错误, C 项正确；例 8 解析：此题主句的谓语动词是过去时,从句中的大事先于主句的大事发生,且是被动,应选B；例 9 解析：依据关键词 soon 可知动作尚未发生,又因主句谓语动词 made 为过去时,应选 B；例 10 解析：答案为 D；wish 后接宾语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟形式；例 11 解析：宾语从句减缩式“ 疑问词 +不定式 ” 是解题关键；选项 C 是不定式的进行时,强调动作“正在进行 ”,不符合题意,应选 B；例 12 解析：“ 疑问词 +不定

33、式 ” 作及物动词 know 的宾语,选项中 it 代替了 the land,故正确答案为 C；例 13 解析：B、C、D 项的疑问词用错,应选 A ；例 14 解析：此题考查的引导词引导宾语从句,同时作 get 的宾语； B、 D 两项在句中是作状语的；由于没有给出明确的指代物,故 A 项也不合适；答案为 C；例 15 解析：whoever= anyone （anybody / any person / he ） who,答案为 D；例 16 解析：答案为 B；某些动词和动词短语（如 appreciate,like ,hate,see to等）后面不能直接带从句,往往需先插入 it 再带 that,if 或 when 引导的从句；例 17 解析： 本句带有估计的意味,疑问部分的谓语不能用情态动词；could have been 表示对过去的估计,故疑问部分的谓语应用 were 与之对应,应选 D；例 18 解析：因从句 he was a man of action 为主系表结构,且表达确定意义,不缺少句子成分,应选 B 项；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页