2022年高中英语语法被动语态3.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语语法 -被动语态一定义语态 voice表示主语与谓语动词之间的关系；当主语是动作的 动词 用（Active V oice）；假如主语是动作的,动词便用（Passive Voice）； 被动语态由 be及物动词的过去分词构成；二.考点：考查时态和语态的把握、与主谓一样连考题型：start their 短文改错 例 1.The problem solved and the foreigner got into the taxi.2.Now college graduates encourageto own business which so

2、unds really good for them.语法填空 3.Truly elegant chopstics might makeof gold and silver with Chinese characters. 语法填空 三. 做题步骤 判定语态判定时态套用详细时态的被动语态形式留意主谓一样四. 各种时态的被动语态形式1 一般现在时： Subject+ beam/is/are +done 过去分词 2）一般过去时 : 3）一般将来时 : Subject+ shall/will/ be going to be done 过去分词 4）过去将来时 : 5）现在进行时 : Subject+

3、 beam/is/are being done 过去分词 6）过去进行时 : 7）现在完成时 : Subject+has /have been done 8）过去完成时 : 9）带有情态动词时 : Subject+情态动词 bedone 过去分词 五.把握基础,学以致用 用所给动词适当形式填空 1.Visitors request not to take photos here.2. The classroom must clean every day.3. I give ten minutes to decide whether I studied abroad or not. 4. you

4、 invited to a party held in the sckool hall tomorrow. 5. A new cinema buildhere now 6.The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets _ _.book 7. A meeting hold when I was there. 8. - Have you moved into the new house. - Not yet, the rooms _ _.paint 9. The lette

5、r receivealready. 10. He said a satisfying plan put forward next week. 六. 被动语态与系表结构的区分并非全部的 “ be+过去分词 ”都为被动语态；有些为系表结构；be 后面的过去分词是表语,相当于形容词,表示主语的特点或所处的状态,其区分方法如下：假如强调动作或句中有介词 表结构；by 引导出动作的执行者,该句一般为被动语态,否就为系例 The street is crowed. （系表结构）1 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - She is

6、very excited. （系表结构）The glass is broken（系表结构）The glass was broken by the boy（被动语态）假如句中有地点、频率或时间状语时,一般为被动语态；例 The cup is broken. （系表结构）The cup was broken this morning. （被动语态）The door is locked （系表结构）The door has already/just been locked （被动语态）被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外,仍可以用于其他各种时态,而系表结构中的系动词 be 只有一般时态和完成时态；例

7、The machine is being repaired 七. 主动形式表被动意义的情形 练习：判定以下句子是否正确1. This kind of cloth is washed well. 2. Great changes have been taken place in our hometown recent years. 3. The house is belonged to my uncle. 4. My dream has been come true. 5. This kind of book is sold well. 6. The man was proved to be a

8、 thief at last. 7. This problem is difficult to be worked out . 8. The war was broken out in 1991. 9. What will be happened in one thousand years. 10. The class is begun at 7 o clock. 熟记主动形式表被动意义的情形1.英语中有许多动词如 break ,cook,begin ,drive ,lock ,open,sell,read ,write ,wash,cut, wear, 等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特

9、点时,常用其主动形式 表达被动意义 ,主语通常是物；例 This kind of cloth washes well. The food cooks well. 2. 表示 “ 发生、进行 ” 的不及物动词和短语,如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out,belong to 等以主动形式表示被动意义；例 How do the newspapers come out. 这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？All my money ran out. 全

10、部的钱都用完了；feel, sound, taste, look, feel, 等3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义；例 Your reason sounds reasonable. The dishes taste great. 4、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义 在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义；在 need,want ,require, bear 等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式；The house needs repairing（ to be repaired）这房

11、子需要修理；形容词 worth 后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式；而 worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式；例 The picture-book is well worth reading 2 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - The picture-book is very worthy to be read 动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系 , 不定式的主动形式表示被动含义；例 I have a lot of things to

12、do this afternoon to do 与 things 是动宾关系, 与 I 是主谓关系； 试比较： I ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted. 此处用不定式的被动语态作定语说明 you 不是 post 动作的执行者；在某些 “ 形容词不定式” 做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的规律宾语时,这经常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义；这些形容词有 nice,easy,fit , hard ,difficult ,important ,impossible , pleasant ,in

13、teresting 等；例 This problem is difficult to work out . The air here is pleasant to breathe. 留意： 在使役动词 have, make, get 以及感官动词 see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式 to 要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加 to；例 Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. A stranger was seen to walk into the build

14、ing. 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“ 动词介词 ” ,“ 动词副词 ” 等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开；其中的介词或副词也不能省略；例 The meeting is to be put off till Friday. The old man was taken good care of by us.综合练习一、挑选题 1._ a new library _ in our school last year. D. Did ; build A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build 2. An accident _ on

15、this road last week. A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened 3.Cotton （棉花）_ in the southeast of China. A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow 4.So far, the moon _ by man already. A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited 5.A talk on Chinese histor

16、y _ in the school hall next week. A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives 6.How many trees _ this year. A. are planted B. will plant C. have been planted D. planted 7.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A. are doing B. are being done C. has been done D. will be d

17、one 8.-When _ this kind of computers_. -Last year. A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used 9.The Great Wall _ all over the world. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known 3 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 10.Who _ this book _. A. did; written B. was; written by D.

18、to jump C. did; written D. was; written 11.A story _ by Granny yesterday. A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us D. told us 12.The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A. jump B. jumps C. jumped 13.The school bag _ behind the chair. D. can put A. puts B. can be put C. can be putted 14.Older peopl

19、e _ well. A. looks after B. must be looked after C. must look after D. looked after 15.Our teacher _ carefully. A. should be listened to B. should be listen C. be listened D. is listened 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空；1.Its said据说 that the long bridge_ （build ）in two months 2.Where to have the meeting _ （discuss

20、）now 3.Which language _the most widely_ （ speak）in the world ？4.The lost boy_ （not find ）so far5.Last year a large number of trees_ （cut）down6. The students _ often _tell to take care of their desks and chairs. 7. The old man is ill. He must send to the hospital. 8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ sell

21、 in this shop. 9. What _ knives _ make of . They_make of metal 金属 and wood. 10. Can the magazine _ take out of the library. 11. The room _ clean by me every day. 12. The stars can t _ see in the daytime. 13. Some flowers _ water by Li Ming already. 14. This kind of shoes _ sell well. 15. How long _

22、_ your uncle _ _be in the city. 16. The food _ smell delicious. 4 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Answers 一、挑选题1. B2. D3.A 4. C5. 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.C 10. B11.B 12.D 13.B 14. B15.A 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空；1.will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoken 4. hasnt been found 5. were cut

23、 6.are told 7. must be sent 8. are sold 9.are made , are made 10. be taken 11.is cleaned 12. be seen 13. have been watered 14. sells 15. has been 16. smells 17 is dancing 三、按要求改写以下句子,一空一词；1.Do, grow 2. is given to me 3.soon is 4. will be sung5. needn t be done 6. is used for 7. was made to do 8. is being watched 9. was built 10. have been sold 11. is called 四、以下各句均有一处错误,请找出并改正过来；be done 改为 do listened 改为 listened to remembered 改为 was remembered is sounded 改为 sounds By who 改为 By whom 5 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页